1.Identification
1.1 GHS Product identifier
| Product name | saccharin |
|---|
1.2 Other means of identification
| Product number | - |
|---|---|
| Other names | 3-keto-2H,3H-1,2-benzisothiazole 1,1-dioxide |
1.3 Recommended use of the chemical and restrictions on use
| Identified uses | For industry use only. Food Additives: SWEETENER |
|---|---|
| Uses advised against | no data available |
1.4 Supplier's details
1.5 Emergency phone number
| Emergency phone number | - |
|---|---|
| Service hours | Monday to Friday, 9am-5pm (Standard time zone: UTC/GMT +8 hours). |
2.Hazard identification
2.1 Classification of the substance or mixture
Not classified.
2.2 GHS label elements, including precautionary statements
| Pictogram(s) | No symbol. |
|---|---|
| Signal word | No signal word. |
| Hazard statement(s) | none |
| Precautionary statement(s) | |
| Prevention | none |
| Response | none |
| Storage | none |
| Disposal | none |
2.3 Other hazards which do not result in classification
none
3.Composition/information on ingredients
3.1 Substances
| Chemical name | Common names and synonyms | CAS number | EC number | Concentration |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| saccharin | saccharin | 81-07-2 | none | 100% |
4.First-aid measures
4.1 Description of necessary first-aid measures
General advice
Consult a physician. Show this safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
If inhaled
If breathed in, move person into fresh air. If not breathing, give artificial respiration. Consult a physician.
In case of skin contact
Wash off with soap and plenty of water. Consult a physician.
In case of eye contact
Rinse thoroughly with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes and consult a physician.
If swallowed
Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. Rinse mouth with water. Consult a physician.
4.2 Most important symptoms/effects, acute and delayed
SYMPTOMS: Symptoms of ingestion of this compound include nausea, vomiting and diarrhea. It may also cause anorexia. Inhalation may result in coughing and sneezing. ACUTE/CHRONIC HAZARDS: There is sufficient evidence that this compound is an animal carcinogen. When heated to decomposition this compound emits very toxic fumes of SOx and NOx. It may also emit toxic fumes of carbon and COx.
4.3 Indication of immediate medical attention and special treatment needed, if necessary
Immediate first aid: Ensure that adequate decontamination has been carried out. If patient is not breathing, start artificial respiration, preferably with a demand valve resuscitator, bag-valve-mask device, or pocket mask, as trained. Perform CPR if necessary. Immediately flush contaminated eyes with gently flowing water. Do not induce vomiting. If vomiting occurs, lean patient forward or place on the left side (head-down position, if possible) to maintain an open airway and prevent aspiration. Keep patient quiet and maintain normal body temperature. Obtain medical attention. /Poisons A and B/
5.Fire-fighting measures
5.1 Extinguishing media
Suitable extinguishing media
Fires involving this compound should be controlled with a dry chemical, carbon dioxide or Halon extinguisher. A water spray may also be used.
5.2 Specific hazards arising from the chemical
Flash point data are not available for this chemical, but it is probably combustible.
5.3 Special protective actions for fire-fighters
Wear self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighting if necessary.
6.Accidental release measures
6.1 Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures
Use personal protective equipment. Avoid dust formation. Avoid breathing vapours, mist or gas. Ensure adequate ventilation. Evacuate personnel to safe areas. Avoid breathing dust. For personal protection see section 8.
6.2 Environmental precautions
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so. Do not let product enter drains. Discharge into the environment must be avoided.
6.3 Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up
Pick up and arrange disposal. Sweep up and shovel. Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.
7.Handling and storage
7.1 Precautions for safe handling
Avoid contact with skin and eyes. Avoid formation of dust and aerosols. Avoid exposure - obtain special instructions before use.Provide appropriate exhaust ventilation at places where dust is formed. For precautions see section 2.2.
7.2 Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities
Store in cool place. Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
8.Exposure controls/personal protection
8.1 Control parameters
Occupational Exposure limit values
no data available
Biological limit values
no data available
8.2 Appropriate engineering controls
Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice. Wash hands before breaks and at the end of workday.
8.3 Individual protection measures, such as personal protective equipment (PPE)
Eye/face protection
Safety glasses with side-shields conforming to EN166. Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).
Skin protection
Wear impervious clothing. The type of protective equipment must be selected according to the concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace. Handle with gloves. Gloves must be inspected prior to use. Use proper glove removal technique(without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product. Dispose of contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices. Wash and dry hands. The selected protective gloves have to satisfy the specifications of EU Directive 89/686/EEC and the standard EN 374 derived from it.
Respiratory protection
Wear dust mask when handling large quantities.
Thermal hazards
no data available
9.Physical and chemical properties
| Physical state | white crystalline solid |
|---|---|
| Colour | Monoclinic crystals |
| Odour | ODORLESS OR HAS FAINT AROMATIC ODOR. |
| Melting point/ freezing point | 173°C(lit.) |
| Boiling point or initial boiling point and boiling range | 269°C(lit.) |
| Flammability | no data available |
| Lower and upper explosion limit / flammability limit | no data available |
| Flash point | 77°C(lit.) |
| Auto-ignition temperature | no data available |
| Decomposition temperature | no data available |
| pH | pH of 0.35% aqueous solution: 2.0 |
| Kinematic viscosity | no data available |
| Solubility | In water:3.3 g/L (20 oC) |
| Partition coefficient n-octanol/water (log value) | log Kow = 0.91 |
| Vapour pressure | 1.03X10-7 mm Hg at 25°C (est) |
| Density and/or relative density | 1.557 g/cm3 |
| Relative vapour density | no data available |
| Particle characteristics | no data available |
10.Stability and reactivity
10.1 Reactivity
no data available
10.2 Chemical stability
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
10.3 Possibility of hazardous reactions
This compound may react with oxidizing agents. . Very weak base in aqueous solution.
10.4 Conditions to avoid
no data available
10.5 Incompatible materials
no data available
10.6 Hazardous decomposition products
When heated to decomposition if emits very toxic fumes of /nitrogen oxides/, /sulfur oxides/ and sodium oxide.
11.Toxicological information
Acute toxicity
- Oral: LD50 Rat oral 14,200 mg/kg /Sodium saccharin/
- Inhalation: no data available
- Dermal: no data available
Skin corrosion/irritation
no data available
Serious eye damage/irritation
no data available
Respiratory or skin sensitization
no data available
Germ cell mutagenicity
no data available
Carcinogenicity
Evaluation: There is inadequate evidence in humans for the carcinogenicity of saccharin salts used as sweeteners. There is sufficient evidence in experimental animals for the carcinogenicity of sodium saccharin. There is inadequate evidence in experimental animals for the carcinogenicity of saccharin (acid form) and calcium saccharin. Overall evaluation: In making the evaluation, the Working Group concluded that sodium saccharin produced urothelial bladder tumors in rats by a non-DNA reactive mechanism that involves the formation of a urinary calcium phosphate containing precipitate, cytotoxicity and enhanced cell proliferation. The mechanism is not relative to humans because of critical interspecies differences in urine composition. Saccharin and its salts are not classifiable as to the carcinogenicity to humans (Group 3).
Reproductive toxicity
no data available
STOT-single exposure
no data available
STOT-repeated exposure
no data available
Aspiration hazard
no data available
12.Ecological information
12.1 Toxicity
- Toxicity to fish: LC50; Species: Pimephales promelas (fathead minnow, 30 day old); Concentration: 18.3 g/L for 96 hr (confidence limit 16.4 - 20.4 g/L). Dilution factor: 0%, 20%, 40%, 60%, 80% and 100% of the stock solution. Behavioral observations were not recorded. Increased alkalinity values were due to a reaction between the titrant and toxicant. /Saccharin, sodium salt hydrate
- Toxicity to daphnia and other aquatic invertebrates: no data available
- Toxicity to algae: no data available
- Toxicity to microorganisms: no data available
12.2 Persistence and degradability
AEROBIC: The importance of biodegradation of saccharin in soil and water is unknown, but amides are usually susceptible to microbial metabolism(1). Saccharin was eliminated in wastewater treatment plants with activated sludge processes sampled in Zurich Switzerland; a mean removal efficiency of 90% was observed. Incubation experiments with activated sludge resulted in a first order half-life of 90 minutes with 78% removal efficiency after 3 hours. No loss was observed using sterile controls(2).
12.3 Bioaccumulative potential
An estimated BCF of three was calculated in fish for saccharin(SRC), using a log Kow of 0.91(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this BCF suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC). Bioconcentration of the substance was tested as a breakdown product of 3-(allyloxy)-1,1-dioxo-1lambda(6),2-benzothiazole; results indicated low bioconcentration potential(4).
12.4 Mobility in soil
The Koc of saccharin is estimated as 20(SRC), using a log Kow of 0.91(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this estimated Koc value suggests that saccharin is expected to have very high mobility in soil. The pKa of saccharin is 1.31(4), indicating that this compound will partially exist in the anion form in the environment and anions generally do not adsorb more strongly to soils containing organic carbon and clay than their neutral counterparts(5).
12.5 Other adverse effects
no data available
13.Disposal considerations
13.1 Disposal methods
Product
The material can be disposed of by removal to a licensed chemical destruction plant or by controlled incineration with flue gas scrubbing. Do not contaminate water, foodstuffs, feed or seed by storage or disposal. Do not discharge to sewer systems.
Contaminated packaging
Containers can be triply rinsed (or equivalent) and offered for recycling or reconditioning. Alternatively, the packaging can be punctured to make it unusable for other purposes and then be disposed of in a sanitary landfill. Controlled incineration with flue gas scrubbing is possible for combustible packaging materials.
14.Transport information
14.1 UN Number
| ADR/RID: Not dangerous goods. | IMDG: Not dangerous goods. | IATA: Not dangerous goods. |
14.2 UN Proper Shipping Name
| ADR/RID: unknown |
| IMDG: unknown |
| IATA: unknown |
14.3 Transport hazard class(es)
| ADR/RID: Not dangerous goods. | IMDG: Not dangerous goods. | IATA: Not dangerous goods. |
14.4 Packing group, if applicable
| ADR/RID: Not dangerous goods. | IMDG: Not dangerous goods. | IATA: Not dangerous goods. |
14.5 Environmental hazards
| ADR/RID: no | IMDG: no | IATA: no |
14.6 Special precautions for user
no data available
14.7 Transport in bulk according to Annex II of MARPOL 73/78 and the IBC Code
no data available
15.Regulatory information
15.1 Safety, health and environmental regulations specific for the product in question
| Chemical name | Common names and synonyms | CAS number | EC number |
|---|---|---|---|
| saccharin | saccharin | 81-07-2 | none |
| European Inventory of Existing Commercial Chemical Substances (EINECS) | Listed. | ||
| EC Inventory | Listed. | ||
| United States Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) Inventory | Listed. | ||
| China Catalog of Hazardous chemicals 2015 | Not Listed. | ||
| New Zealand Inventory of Chemicals (NZIoC) | Listed. | ||
| Philippines Inventory of Chemicals and Chemical Substances (PICCS) | Listed. | ||
| Vietnam National Chemical Inventory | Listed. | ||
| Chinese Chemical Inventory of Existing Chemical Substances (China IECSC) | Listed. | ||
16.Other information
Information on revision
| Creation Date | Aug 12, 2017 |
|---|---|
| Revision Date | Aug 12, 2017 |
Abbreviations and acronyms
- CAS: Chemical Abstracts Service
- ADR: European Agreement concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Road
- RID: Regulation concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Rail
- IMDG: International Maritime Dangerous Goods
- IATA: International Air Transportation Association
- TWA: Time Weighted Average
- STEL: Short term exposure limit
- LC50: Lethal Concentration 50%
- LD50: Lethal Dose 50%
- EC50: Effective Concentration 50%
References
- IPCS - The International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSC), website: http://www.ilo.org/dyn/icsc/showcard.home
- HSDB - Hazardous Substances Data Bank, website: https://toxnet.nlm.nih.gov/newtoxnet/hsdb.htm
- IARC - International Agency for Research on Cancer, website: http://www.iarc.fr/
- eChemPortal - The Global Portal to Information on Chemical Substances by OECD, website: http://www.echemportal.org/echemportal/index?pageID=0&request_locale=en
- CAMEO Chemicals, website: http://cameochemicals.noaa.gov/search/simple
- ChemIDplus, website: http://chem.sis.nlm.nih.gov/chemidplus/chemidlite.jsp
- ERG - Emergency Response Guidebook by U.S. Department of Transportation, website: http://www.phmsa.dot.gov/hazmat/library/erg
- Germany GESTIS-database on hazard substance, website: http://www.dguv.de/ifa/gestis/gestis-stoffdatenbank/index-2.jsp
- ECHA - European Chemicals Agency, website: https://echa.europa.eu/
