Chemical Name: Direct Black 38                          
IUPAC NAME: disodium 4-amino-3-[4-[4-(2,4-diaminophenyl)diazenylphenyl]phenyl]diazenyl-5-oxo-6-(phenylhydrazinylidene)naphthalene-2,7-disulfonate                      
CAS No: 1937-37-7
EINECS: 217-710-3
EC Class: Carcinogenic Category 2; Toxic for reproduction Category 3
Molecular Formula: C₃₄H₂₅N₉Na₂O₇S₂
Molecular Weight: 781.73 g/mol
Polar Surface Area: 303.61 Å²
Melting Point: 109-110°C
WGK Germany: 3
 Apomine Black GX (CAS NO.1937-37-7) is stable under normal temperatures and pressures.but incompatible with strong oxidizing agents.Here is the structure:

      
The chemical synonymous of Apomine Black GX (CAS NO.1937-37-7) are chloramineblackert ; chloramineblackex ; chloramineblackexr ; chloramineblackxo ; chloraminecarbonblacks ; chloraminecarbonblacksj ; chloraminecarbonblacksn ; chlorazolblacke(biologicalstain)                    
Product Categories about Apomine Black GX (CAS NO.1937-37-7) are Dyes and Pigments ; Organics             

 Apomine Black GX (CAS NO.1937-37-7) is mainly used for cotton, rayon, silk, linen dyeing and printing,it can also be used for silk, nylon and blended fabric dyeing,and used for leather, biological and wood stain, plastic coloring, and as raw materials for red ink.

NTP 10th Report on Carcinogens. IARC Cancer Review: Animal Sufficient Evidence IMEMDT    IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man . 29 (1982),p. 295.(World Health Organization, Internation Agency for Research on Cancer,Lyon, France.: ) (Single copies can be ordered from WHO Publications Centre U.S.A., 49 Sheridan Avenue, Albany, NY 12210) ; Human Limited Evidence IMEMDT    IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man . 29 (1982),p. 295.(World Health Organization, Internation Agency for Research on Cancer,Lyon, France.: ) (Single copies can be ordered from WHO Publications Centre U.S.A., 49 Sheridan Avenue, Albany, NY 12210) . Reported in EPA TSCA Inventory. NTP Carcinogenesis Bioassay (feed): Clear Evidence: rat NCICTR* NCI-TR-108,78; No Evidence: mouse NCICTR NCI-TR-108,78. On Community-Right-To-Know List.

Confirmed carcinogen with carcinogenic and tumorigenic data. Moderately toxic by ingestion and inhalation. An eye irritant. Mutation data reported. When heated to decomposition it emits very toxic fumes of NO_x, Na₂O, and SO₂.
Analytical Methods:                        
For occupational chemical analysis use NIOSH: Dyes, 5013.
Hazard Codes:
    T: Toxic
Risk Statements about  Apomine Black GX (CAS NO.1937-37-7):
    R45 May cause cancer. 
    R63 Possible risk of harm to the unborn child.
Safety Statements about Apomine Black GX (CAS NO.1937-37-7):
    S53 Avoid exposure - obtain special instructions before use. 
    S45 In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately (show the label where possible).
Health Hazard: ACUTE/CHRONIC HAZARDS: Direct Black 38 may be absorbed through the skin. When heated to decomposition it emits very toxic fumes of nitrogen oxides, disodium oxide and sulfur oxides.
Fire Hazard: Flash point data for Direct Black 38 are not available; however, Direct Black 38 is probably combustible.

For occupational chemical analysis use NIOSH: Dyes, 5013.

1. Storage: Keep container closed when not in use. Store in a tightly closed container. Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from incompatible substances.
2. Handling: Avoid ingestion and inhalation. Wash thoroughly after handling. Remove contaminated clothing and wash before reuse. Use with adequate ventilation. Avoid contact with eyes, skin, and clothing. Keep container tightly closed.
3. Personal Protection: Eyes: Wear appropriate protective eyeglasses or chemical safety goggles as described by OSHA's eye and face protection regulations in 29 CFR 1910.133 or European Standard EN166. Skin: Wear appropriate protective gloves to prevent skin exposure. Clothing: Wear appropriate protective clothing to prevent skin exposure.
4. Fire Fighting: Wear a self-contained breathing apparatus in pressure-demand, MSHA/NIOSH (approved or equivalent), and full protective gear. During a fire, irritating and highly toxic gases may be generated by thermal decomposition or combustion. Extinguishing media: Use agent most appropriate to extinguish fire. In case of fire use water spray, dry chemical, carbon dioxide, or appropriate foam.
5. Reactivity Profile Direct Black 38 is an azo compound. Azo, diazo, azido compounds can detonate. This applies in particular to organic azides that have been sensitized by the addition of metal salts or strong acids. Toxic gases may form with acids, aldehydes, amides, carbamates, cyanides, inorganic fluorides, halogenated organics, isocyanates, ketones, metals, nitrides, peroxides, phenols, epoxides, acyl halides, and strong oxidizing or reducing agents. Flammable gases form with alkali metals. Explosive combination can occur with strong oxidizing agents, metal salts, peroxides, and sulfides. Incompatible with strong acids [NTP, 1992)].