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Phosphorus pentasulfide

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  • Name Phosphorus pentasulfide
  • EINECS215-242-4
  • CAS No. 1314-80-3
  • Density2.09 g/cm3
  • PSA221.94000
  • LogP4.96340
  • Solubilityhydrolyses in water, 0.222 g / 100g CS2 (at 17 °C), insoluble in C6H6, insoluble in hot xylene, insoluble in hot anisole
  • Melting Point288 °C (561 K)
  • FormulaP4S10
  • Boiling Point514 °C (787 K)
  • Molecular Weight444.54
  • Flash PointN/A
  • Transport InformationUN 1340
  • Appearanceyellow solid
  • Safety61
  • Risk Codes11-20/22-29-50
  • Molecular Structure
    Molecular Structure of 1314-80-3 (Phosphorus pentasulfide)
  • Hazard SymbolsFlammableF,HarmfulXn,DangerousN
  • SynonymsFlammableF,HarmfulXn,DangerousN

Phosphorus pentasulfide Consensus Reports

Reported in EPA TSCA Inventory.

Phosphorus pentasulfide Standards and Recommendations

OSHA PEL: TWA 1 mg/m3; STEL 3 mg/m3
ACGIH TLV: TWA 1 mg/m3; STEL 3 mg/m3
DFG MAK: 1 mg/m3
DOT Classification:  4.3; Label: Dangerous When Wet

Phosphorus pentasulfide Specification

The Phosphorus pentasulfide, with the CAS registry number 1314-80-3, is also known as Pentasulfure de phosphore. It belongs to the product category of Inorganics. Its EINECS registry number is 215-242-4. This chemical's molecular formula is P4S10 and molecular weight is 444.555. Its systematic name is called tricyclo[3.3.1.13,7]tetraphosphathiane 1,3,5,7-tetrasulfide. What's more, this chemical's classification code is Skin / Eye Irritant.

Physical properties of Phosphorus pentasulfide: (1)#H bond acceptors: 0; (2)#H bond donors: 0; (3)#Freely Rotating Bonds: 0; (4)Polar Surface Area: 319.4 Å2; (5)Index of Refraction: 2.029; (6)Molar Refractivity: 98.95 cm3; (7)Molar Volume: 194.1 cm3; (8)Surface Tension: 175.7 dyne/cm; (9)Density: 2.28 g/cm3.

Preparation of Phosphorus pentasulfide: this chemical is obtained by the reaction of liquid white phosphorus (P4) with sulfur above 300 °C. The first synthesis of P4S10 by Berzelius in 1843 was by this method. Alternatively, P4S10 can be formed by reacting elemental sulfur or pyrite, FeS2, with ferrophosphorus, impure Fe2P (a byproduct of P4 production from phosphate rock):

4 Fe2P + 18 S → P4S10 + 8 FeS
4 Fe2P + 18 FeS2 + heat → P4S10 + 26 FeS

Uses of Phosphorus pentasulfide: The compound is mainly converted to other derivatives for use as lubrication additives such zinc dithiophosphates. It is also used in the production of pesticides such as Parathion and Malathion. It is also a component of some amorphous solid electrolytes (e.g. Li2S-P2S5) for some types of lithium batteries. Phosphorus pentasulfide is a dual-use material, as it can be used for manufacture of the VX nerve agent.

When you are using this chemical, please be cautious about it as the following:
This chemical may catch fire in contact with air and only need brief contact with an ignition source which has a very low flash point or evolve highly flammable gases in contact with water. Meanwhile. this chemical may cause damage to health and may present an immediate or delayed danger to one or more components of the environment. On the other hand, it is highly flammable and is harmful by inhalation and if swallowed. Contact with water, it will liberate toxic gas. You should avoid releasing it to the environment.

You can still convert the following datas into molecular structure:
(1)Canonical SMILES: P12(=S)SP3(=S)SP(=S)(S1)SP(=S)(S2)S3
(2)InChI: InChI=1S/P4S10/c5-1-9-2(6)12-3(7,10-1)14-4(8,11-1)13-2
(3)InChIKey: CYQAYERJWZKYML-UHFFFAOYSA-N

The toxicity data is as follows:

Organism Test Type Route Reported Dose (Normalized Dose) Effect Source
rabbit LD50 skin 3160mg/kg (3160mg/kg) SKIN AND APPENDAGES (SKIN): "DERMATITIS, OTHER: AFTER SYSTEMIC EXPOSURE" National Technical Information Service. Vol. OTS0571217,
rat LD50 oral 389mg/kg (389mg/kg)   "Sbornik Vysledku Toxixologickeho Vysetreni Latek A Pripravku," Marhold, J.V., Institut Pro Vychovu Vedoucicn Pracovniku Chemickeho Prumyclu Praha, Czechoslovakia, 1972Vol. -, Pg. 16, 1972.

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