Reference

Nonionic surfactants' toxicity and biodegradability

Nonionic surfactants' toxicity and biodegradability. Hashinaga, Tadashi; Dazai, Michio; Uehara, Masami (Ferment. Res. Inst., Tsukuba 305, Japan). Kenkyu Hokoku - Kogyo Gijutsuin Biseibutsu Kogyo Gijutsu Kenkyusho, (62), 55-62 (Japanese) 1984. CODEN: KGBKBK. ISSN: 0368-5365. DOCUMENT TYPE: Journal CA Section: 4 (Toxicology) Section cross-reference(s): 46 Toxicity of 9 ethylene glycol ethers and polypropylene glycol against unacclimated activated sludge was studied using Warburg manometers. Threshold concn. (mg/L) and 20%-inhibitory concn. (mg/L) of diethylene glycol [111-46-6], polyethylene glycol [25322-68-3] (av. mol. wt. 200 and 1000), polypropylene glycol [25322-69-4] (av. mol. wt. 300), hexaethylene glycol p-isooctylphenyl ether [2497-58-7], decaethylene glycol p-isooctylphenyl ether [2315-66-4], pentaethylene glycol dodecyl ether (I) [3055-95-6], octaethylene glycol octadecyl ether [13149-87-6], polyethylene glycol n-alkyl ether (II), and polyethylene glycol isoalkyl ether were 2430, 38,900; 950, 7920; 1450, 9280; 1430, 4350; 17, 90; 34, 190; 15, 51; 9.5, 260; 7.8, 48; and 4.7, 200, resp. When ~60 mg of I or II per L was incubated with activated sludge, the concn. of the dissolved org. C decreased.

A light scattering study on micelle formation of nonionic surfactants as a function of concentration and pressure by applying small system thermodynamics

A light scattering study on micelle formation of nonionic surfactants as a function of concentration and pressure by applying small system thermodynamics. Okawauchi, Makoto; Shinozaki, Masanobu; Ikawa, Yoshitomi; Tanaka, Mitsuru (Fac. Sci., Fukuoka Univ., Fukuoka 814-01, Japan).In this study， 3055-95-6 and 3055-96-7 are also used. J. Phys. Chem., 91(1), 102-12 (English) 1987. CODEN: JPCHAX. ISSN: 0022-3654. DOCUMENT TYPE: Journal CA Section: 66 (Surface Chemistry and Colloids) By application of the small system thermodn. to the anal. of static light scattering data on aq. solns. of penta- and hexaoxyethylene dodecyl ethers (C12E5 and C12E6), monomeric concns., micellar concns., arithmetic and geometric mean aggregation nos., and the variance of the aggregation no. distribution of micelle were detd. as a function of total surfactant concn. and pressure. The mean aggregation of the micelle increases and the aggregation no. distribution becomes broader with increasing total concn., while the monomeric concn. is kept almost const. The mean aggregation no. of the micelle decreases and the aggregation no. distribution becomes narrower with an increase of pressure. The change of vol. on micelle formation, estd. by small system thermodn., is always pos. and decreases down to zero with an increase in pressure of at least up to 160 MPa. .