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| CAS No.: | 7782-77-6 |
|---|---|
| Name: | Nitrous acid |
| Article Data: | 512 |
| Molecular Structure: | |
|
|
|
| Formula: | HN O2 |
| Molecular Weight: | 47.0134 |
| Synonyms: | Nitrosylhydroxide |
| Density: | 1.54±0.1 g/cm3(Predicted) |
| Safety: | Mutation data reported. Flammable by chemical reaction; a powerful oxidizer. Explodes on contact with phosphorus trichloride. Reacts violently with PH3 and PCl3. Reactions with 1-amino-5-nitrophenol, ammonium decahydroborate(2−), hydrazine (product is hydrogen azide) may give explosive products. Incompatible with anilines (e.g., 4-bromoaniline, 2-chloroaniline, 3-chloroaniline, 2-nitroaniline, 3-nitroaniline, 4-nitroaniline, aniline), semicarbazone, silver nitrate. When heated to decomposition it emits highly toxic fumes of NOx. See also NITRIC OXIDE. |
| PSA: | 49.66000 |
| LogP: | 0.14200 |
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Chemistry
IUPAC Name: Nitrous acid
Synonyms: Nitrous acid ; Nitrite anion ; Nitrogen dioxide ; Nitrogen dioxide ion ; Nitrogen peroxide ion
CAS NO:7782-77-6
Molecular Formula of Nitrous acid (CAS NO.7782-77-6) :HNO2
Molecular Weight of Nitrous acid (CAS NO.7782-77-6) :47.01
Molecular Structure of Nitrous acid (CAS NO.7782-77-6) :
EINECS: 231-963-7
Index of Refraction:1.394
Surface Tension: 61.7 dyne/cm
Density: 1.54 g/cm3
Production
Preparation Products :Sodium nitrite-->2-Chlorobenzoic acid-->NITRIC OXIDE-->ACID BLUE 113-->O-(2-MethoxyEthoxy)BenzeneSulfonamide-->2,5-Dichlorophenol-->BASIC RED 46-->2-[(2-cyanoethyl)[4-[(6-nitrobenzothiazol-2-yl)azo]phenyl]amino]ethyl acetate -->Disperse Yellow 163-->Enoximone
Nitrous acid can be prepared by adding any mineral acid to sodium nitrite.
Toxicity Data With Reference
| 1. | mmo-omi 20 mmol/L | EJMBA2 Egyptian Journal of Microbiology. 16 (1981),133. | ||
| 2. | dnr-ssp 132 µmol/L | CNJGA8 Canadian Journal of Genetics and Cytology. 24 (1982),771. |
Consensus Reports
EPA Genetic Toxicology Program. Reported in EPA TSCA Inventory.
Safety Profile
Mutation data reported. Flammable by chemical reaction; a powerful oxidizer. Explodes on contact with phosphorus trichloride. Reacts violently with PH3 and PCl3. Reactions with 1-amino-5-nitrophenol, ammonium decahydroborate(2−), hydrazine (product is hydrogen azide) may give explosive products. Incompatible with anilines (e.g., 4-bromoaniline, 2-chloroaniline, 3-chloroaniline, 2-nitroaniline, 3-nitroaniline, 4-nitroaniline, aniline), semicarbazone, silver nitrate. When heated to decomposition it emits highly toxic fumes of NOx. See also NITRIC OXIDE.
Specification
Nitrous acid is used to prepare diazonium salts:
HNO2 + ArNH2 + H+ → ArN2+ + 2 H2O
where Ar is an aryl group.
Such salts are widely used in organic synthesis, e.g., for the Sandmeyer reaction and in the preparation azo dyes, brightly-colored compounds that are the basis of a qualitative test for anilines. Nitrous acid is used to destroy toxic and potentially-explosive sodium azide. For most purposes, nitrous acid is usually formed in situ by the action of mineral acid on sodium nitrite:
NaNO2 + HCl → HNO2 + NaCl
2 NaN3 + 2 HNO2 → 3 N2 + 2 NO + 2 NaOH