Reference

Effect of ointments and ointment constituents on oxidation stability of ergocalciferol

Effect of ointments and ointment constituents on oxidation stability of ergocalciferol. Yamaoka, Keiko; Matsui, Masateru; Saito, Yoshihiro; Sato, Takatoshi (Teikyo Univ. Hosp., Tokyo 173, Japan). Byoin Yakugaku, 9(1), 57-63 (Japanese) 1983. CODEN: BYYADW. DOCUMENT TYPE: Journal CA Section: 63 (Pharmaceuticals) The stability of ergocalciferol (I) [50-14-6] in an absorption and, hydrophilic ointments and 7 ointment constituents were examd.; in addn., the antioxidant activities of gallic acid derivs. for I in hydrophilic ointment were studied. Samples were exposed to air at 40° and their oxidn. stability was measured by high performance liq. chromatog. (HPLC). Several I decompn. products were detected by HPLC. The use of dual UV wavelength confirmed that peaks corresponding to I and other substances did not overlap. The amt.Several substances with their cas registry numbers 8007-43-0 and 1166-52-5 may be metioned in this study. of I in hydrophilic ointment decreased; however, that in the absorption ointment did not change. The amt. of I decreased markedly in lauromacrogol [9002-92-0] and sorbitan sesquioleate [8007-43-0]. The amt. of I decreased in proportion to the amt. of stearyl alc. [112-92-5] in the ointment, while cetanol [36653-82-4] showed the opposite behavior. The antioxidative activities of gallic acid derivs. for I in hydrophilic ointment were as follows in the order of strength: lauryl gallate [1166-52-5], isoamyl gallate [2486-02-4], Pr gallate [121-79-9], Et gallate [831-61-8], gallic acid [149-91-7]. Thus, higher alc. concns. is an important factor in the stabilization of I in ointment. .

Chemical and pharmacological studies of Phyllanthus caroliniensis in mice

Chemical and pharmacological studies of Phyllanthus caroliniensis in mice. Cechinel Filho, Valdir; Santos, Adair R. S.; De Campos, Rafael O. P.; Miguel, Obdulio G.; Yunes, Rosendo A.; Ferrari, Franco; Messana, Irene; Calixto, Joao B. (Nucleo de Investigacoes Quimico-Farmaceuticas-NIQFAR/FAQFAR, Universidade do Vale do Itajai, SC CEP 88303-202, Brazil). Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, 48(12), 1231-1236 (English) 1996 Royal Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain. CODEN: JPPMAB. ISSN: 0022-3573. DOCUMENT TYPE: Journal CA Section: 1 (Pharmacology) Section cross-reference(s): 11 The aim of this study was to isolate and characterize the constituents of the hydroalcoholic ext. (HE) of the leaves, stems and roots from P. caroliniensis, and also to evaluate the preliminary antinociceptive action of the HE and purified compds. in mice. Phytosterols, quercetin, gallic acid Et ester and geraniin were identified in P. caroliniensis on the basis of 1H and 13C NMR spectral data and by mixed co-TLC and co-HPLC injection with authentic samples. The HE of P. caroliniensis (10-100 mg kg-1, i.Several reagents with their cas registry numbers 117-39-5 and 831-61-8 are used here.p.) inhibited, in a dose-related manner, acetic acid-induced abdominal constrictions in mice, with a mean ID50 value of 23.7 mg kg-1. In the formalin test, the HE given i.p. (1-30 mg kg-1) or orally (25-600 mg kg-1) caused graded inhibitions of both the neurogenic (first phase) and the inflammatory response (late phase) of formalin-induced licking. The HE was 54-fold more effective in inhibiting the late phase than it was in inhibiting the first phase of the formalin test, with mean ID50 values of 3.6 and 196.4 mg kg-1, resp. The HE failed, however, to affect the edematogenic response assocd. with the late phase of formalin-induced pain. In addn., the ref. drug, aspirin, given i.p. (1-100 mg kg-1) or orally (100-600 mg kg-1), caused significant inhibition of the late but not the first phase of the formalin test. Pharmacol. anal. also revealed that quercetin, gallic acid Et ester and a semi-purified fraction of flavonoids (1-100 mg kg-1, i.p.) exhibited graded and significant antinociception against acetic acid-induced abdominal constriction. The mean ID50 values (mg kg-1) for these effects were: 18.8, 34.7 and 5.3, resp. It is concluded that quercetin, gallic acid Et ester and some as yet unidentified flavonoids might account for the antinociceptive action reported for the HE of P. caroliniensis. .