Reference

Hemodynamic and metabolic effects of low daily dose sulphonylureas in diabetic dog hearts

Hemodynamic and metabolic effects of low daily dose sulphonylureas in diabetic dog hearts. Posa, Ildiko; Kocsis, Erzsebet; Nieszner, Eva; Pogatsa, Gabor; Koltai, Maria Zsofia (Cardiovascular Department, Gyorgy Gottsegen National Institute of Cardiology, Budapest, Hung.). Arzneimittel-Forschung, 52(7), 552-559 (English) 2002 Editio Cantor Verlag. CODEN: ARZNAD. ISSN: 0004-4172. DOCUMENT TYPE: Journal CA Section: 1 (Pharmacology) The effects of glibenclamide (GB, CAS 10238-21-8) and those of the latest low daily dose sulfonylurea compd., glimepiride (GM, CAS 93479-97-1) on myocardial hemodynamics and pyruvate-lactate metab. of healthy and alloxan-diabetic dogs (n = 6 in six groups) were compared. Mean arterial blood pressure, heart rate, blood flow of the left anterior descending coronary artery, myocardial contractile force, the rate of change of myocardial contraction and relaxation were measured and arterial (a. carotis communis) and venous (sinus coronaries) pyruvate and lactate concns. were detd. during i.v. administration of the drugs (0, 0.4, 2, 5, and 8 mmol/kg). Coronary cond., pressure-rate product and pyruvate-lactate extn. rates were calcd. Glimepiride reduced the heart rate in diabetic animals. Both compds. decreased myocardial contractile force, coronary blood flow and cond. and the rate of change of myocardial contraction. However, alterations in blood pressure, pressure-rate product, the rate of change of myocardial relaxation and arterio-venous lactate difference elicited by glibenclamide proved to be more expressed than those by glimepiride. According to the results, glibenclamide and esp. glimepiride do not enhance the disturbances of the cardiovascular system in diabetes. By this reason, considering its very low daily dose and favorable hemodynamic effects, glimepiride could preferably be recommended for the treatment of type 2 diabetics with coronary heart disease.

Effect of pioglitazone compared with glimepiride on carotid intima-media thickness in type 2 diabetes

All Rights Reserved. Effect of pioglitazone compared with glimepiride on carotid intima-media thickness in type 2 diabetes. A randomized trial. Mazzone, Theodore; Meyer, Peter M.; Feinstein, Steven B.; Davidson, Michael H.; Kondos, George T.; D'Agostino, Ralph B., Sr.; Perez, Alfonso; Provost, Jean-Claude; Haffner, Steven M. (Department of Medicine, Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, USA). JAMA, the Journal of the American Medical Association, 296(21), 2572-2581 (English) 2006 American Medical Association.Chemicals with cas numbers 112529-15-4 and 93479-97-1 also play role. CODEN: JAMAAP. ISSN: 0098-7484. DOCUMENT TYPE: Journal CA Section: 1 (Pharmacology) Carotid artery intima-media thickness (CIMT) is a marker of coronary atherosclerosis and independently predicts cardiovascular events, which are increased in type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). While studies of relatively short duration have suggested that thiazolidinediones such as pioglitazone might reduce progression of CIMT in persons with diabetes, the results of longer studies have been less clear. The aim was to evaluate the effect of pioglitazone vs glimepiride on changes in CIMT of the common carotid artery in patients with type 2 DM. Randomized, double-blind, comparator-controlled, multicenter trial in patients with type 2 DM conducted at 28 clin. sites in the multiracial/ethnic Chicago metropolitan area between Oct. 2003 and May 2006. The treatment period was 72 wk (1-wk follow-up). CIMT images were captured by a single ultrasonographer at 1 center and read by a single treatment-blinded reader using automated edge-detection technol. Participants were 462 adults (mean age, 60 [SD, 8.1] years; mean body mass index, 32 [SD, 5.1]) with type 2 DM (mean duration, 7.7 [SD, 7.2] years; mean glycosylated Hb [HbA1c] value, 7.4% [SD, 1.0%]), either newly diagnosed or currently treated with diet and exercise, sulfonyl-urea, metformin, insulin, or a combination thereof. Pioglitazone hydrochloride (15-45 mg/d) or glimepiride (1-4 mg/d) as an active comparator. Abs. change from baseline to final visit in mean posterior-wall CIMT of the left and right common carotid arteries. Mean change in CIMT was less with pioglitazone vs glimepiride at all time points (weeks 24, 48, 72). At week 72, the primary end point of progression of mean CIMT was less with pioglitazone vs glimepiride (-0.001 mm vs +0.012 mm, resp.; difference, -0.013 mm; 95% confidence interval, -0.024 to -0.002; P = .02). Pioglitazone also slowed progression of max. CIMT compared with glimepiride (0.002 mm vs 0.026 mm, resp., at 72 wk; difference, -0.024 mm; 95% confidence interval, -0.042 to -0.006; P = .008). The beneficial effect of pioglitazone on mean CIMT was similar across prespecified subgroups based on age, sex, systolic blood pressure, duration of DM, body mass index, HbA1c value, and statin use. Over an 18-mo treatment period in patients with type 2 DM, pioglitazone slowed progression of CIMT compared with glimepiride. .