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Acetal

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Name

Acetal

EINECS 203-310-6
CAS No. 105-57-7 Density 0.84 g/cm3
PSA 18.46000 LogP 1.40540
Solubility 46 g/L (25 °C) in water Melting Point -100 °C
Formula C6H14O2 Boiling Point 103.6 °C at 760 mmHg
Molecular Weight 118.176 Flash Point -6°F
Transport Information UN 1088 3/PG 2 Appearance clear, colorless liquid
Safety 9-16-33 Risk Codes 11-36/38
Molecular Structure Molecular Structure of 105-57-7 (Ethane, 1,1-diethoxy-) Hazard Symbols FlammableF, IrritantXi
Synonyms

Acetaldehyde,diethyl acetal (8CI);1,1-Diethoxyethane;Acetaldehyde ethyl acetal;Diethyl acetal;Ethanal diethyl acetal;Ethylidene diethyl ether;NSC 7624;

Article Data 177

Acetal Synthetic route

109-92-2

ethyl vinyl ether

105-57-7

diethyl acetal

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With iron sulfide; hydrogen sulfide at 250℃; vapor phase;90%
With KSF clay for 0.0833333h; Irradiation; microwave irradiation;
79865-08-0

vinyl β-acetylacrylate

A

105-57-7

diethyl acetal

B

4743-82-2

4-oxo-2-pentenoic acid

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With boron trifluoride diethyl etherate; mercury(II) diacetate In ethanol at 70℃; for 1h;A 84%
B 0.95 g
22543-22-2

2-ethoxypropionamide

109-92-2

ethyl vinyl ether

A

105-57-7

diethyl acetal

B

64-17-5

ethanol

C

114659-85-7

2-Ethoxy-N-[1-(2-ethoxy-propionylamino)-ethyl]-propionamide

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With hydrogenchloride; hydroquinone at 82℃; for 0.25h;A n/a
B n/a
C 83%
74-85-1

ethene

201230-82-2

carbon monoxide

501-65-5

diphenyl acetylene

A

105-57-7

diethyl acetal

B

79379-59-2

5-ethyl-3,4-diphenyl-2(5H)-furanone

C

96-22-0

pentan-3-one

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With ethanol; dodecacarbonyltetrarhodium(0) at 180℃; under 36775.4 Torr; for 6h;A 25.5%
B 73%
C 41.7%
75-07-0

acetaldehyde

122-51-0

orthoformic acid triethyl ester

105-57-7

diethyl acetal

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With tropylium tetrafluoroborate In acetonitrile at 90℃; Flow reactor; Green chemistry;72%
at 25℃;
With toluene-4-sulfonic acid
111-66-0

oct-1-ene

A

105-57-7

diethyl acetal

B

106-68-3

3-octanone

C

589-63-9

octan-4-one

D

75-07-0

acetaldehyde

E

141-78-6

ethyl acetate

F

111-13-7

hexyl-methyl-ketone

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With ethanol; oxygen; lithium chloride; copper dichloride; palladium dichloride at 60℃; for 24h; Product distribution; various catalysts (Pd(II)(NH3)x/Cu(II)/Li(I)/Cl(1-) and Pd(II) (or Pd(0))/Zeolites/Cu(II)/Li(I)/Cl(1-) systems);A n/a
B n/a
C n/a
D n/a
E n/a
F 70%
6974-29-4

N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-2,2,2-trifluoroacetamide

109-92-2

ethyl vinyl ether

A

105-57-7

diethyl acetal

B

1415392-92-5

N,N′-[ethane-1,1-diylbis(oxyethane-2,1-diyl)]bis-(2,2,2-trifluoroacetamide)

C

1415392-86-7

N-[2-(1-ethoxyethoxy)ethyl]-2,2,2-trifluoroacetamide

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With hydrogenchloride In diethyl ether for 3 - 11h; Reflux;A n/a
B n/a
C 51%
64-17-5

ethanol

64487-39-4

ethoxydimethyl(vinyloxy)silane

105-57-7

diethyl acetal

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With hydrogenchloride34%
64-17-5

ethanol

74-85-1

ethene

201230-82-2

carbon monoxide

501-65-5

diphenyl acetylene

A

105-57-7

diethyl acetal

B

79379-67-2

2-phenyl-3-(ethoxycarbonyl)-indanone

C

79379-66-1

5-Ethoxy-3,4-diphenyl-2(5H)-furanone

D

79379-59-2

5-ethyl-3,4-diphenyl-2(5H)-furanone

E

96-22-0

pentan-3-one

Conditions
ConditionsYield
dodecacarbonyltetrarhodium(0) at 125℃; under 36775.4 Torr; for 6h; Product distribution; the influence of reaction temperature on product yield/distribution;A 0.5%
B 11%
C 4%
D 31%
E 0.2%
110-86-1

pyridine

7081-78-9

1-chloroethyl ethyl ether

105-57-7

diethyl acetal

Acetal Consensus Reports

ACETAL  is reported in EPA TSCA Inventory.

Acetal Standards and Recommendations

DOT Classification:  3; Label: Flammable Liquid

Acetal Specification

The Acetal, with the CAS registry number 105-57-7 and EINECS registry number 203-310-6, has the systematic name and IUPAC name of 1,1-diethoxyethane. It is a molecule with two single bonded oxygens attached to the same carbon atom. It is a kind of clear, colorless liquid, and belongs to the product category of Pharmaceutical Intermediates. And the molecular formula of the chemical is C6H14O2. What's more, it should be stored in the refrigerator.

It is stable compared to hemiacetals but their formation is a reversible equilibrium as with esters. And It is used as protecting groups for carbonyl groups in organic synthesis as they are stable with respect to hydrolysis by bases and with respect to many oxidizing and reducing agents. And it is also used as solvent in organic synthesis.

The physical properties of Acetal are as followings: (1)ACD/LogP: 1.15; (2)# of Rule of 5 Violations: 0; (3)ACD/LogD (pH 5.5): 1.14; (4)ACD/LogD (pH 7.4): 1.14; (5)ACD/BCF (pH 5.5): 4.37; (6)ACD/BCF (pH 7.4): 4.37; (7)ACD/KOC (pH 5.5): 99.95; (8)ACD/KOC (pH 7.4): 99.95; (9)#H bond acceptors: 2; (10)#H bond donors: 0; (11)#Freely Rotating Bonds: 4; (12)Polar Surface Area: 18.46 Å2; (13)Index of Refraction: 1.389; (14)Molar Refractivity: 33.29 cm3; (15)Molar Volume: 140.6 cm3; (16)Polarizability: 13.19×10-24cm3; (17)Surface Tension: 22.8 dyne/cm; (18)Density: 0.84 g/cm3; (19)Enthalpy of Vaporization: 32.85 kJ/mol; (20)Boiling Point: 103.6 °C at 760 mmHg; (21)Vapour Pressure: 37.1 mmHg at 25°C.

Preparation: This chemical can be prepared by Ethanol and acetaldehyde. The reaction will need catalyst anhydrous calcium chloride.  

You should be cautious while dealing with this chemical. It is a kind of highly flammable chemcial which irritates to eyes and skin. Therefore, you had better take the following instructions: Keep container in a well-ventilated place; Keep away from sources of ignition - No smoking; Take precautionary measures against static discharges.

You can still convert the following datas into molecular structure:
(1)SMILES: CCOC(C)OCC
(2)InChI: InChI=1S/C6H14O2/c1-4-7-6(3)8-5-2/h6H,4-5H2,1-3H3
(3)InChIKey: DHKHKXVYLBGOIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N

The toxicity data is as follows:

Organism Test Type Route Reported Dose (Normalized Dose) Effect Source
mouse LD50 intraperitoneal 500mg/kg (500mg/kg)   National Technical Information Service. Vol. AD277-689,
mouse LD50 oral 3500mg/kg (3500mg/kg)   Gigiena i Sanitariya. For English translation, see HYSAAV. Vol. 42(3), Pg. 12, 1977.
rabbit LD50 oral 3545mg/kg (3545mg/kg)   Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine. Vol. 29, Pg. 730, 1932.
rat LCLo inhalation 4000ppm/4H (4000ppm)   Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology. Vol. 31, Pg. 343, 1949.
rat LD50 intraperitoneal 900mg/kg (900mg/kg)   "Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology," 2nd ed., Patty, F.A., ed., New York, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1958-63Vol. 2, Pg. 1982, 1963.
rat LD50 oral 4600mg/kg (4600mg/kg)   Medizin und Ernaehrung. Vol. 8, Pg. 244, 1967.

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