- Synthesis and crystal structures of coordination complexes containing Cu2I2 units and their application in luminescence and catalysis
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The reaction of bis- or tris-chelating nitrogen-containing ligands (L1-L5) with CuI gave rise to five coordination complexes consisting of Cu 2I2 dimeric units. L1 in complex 1 adopts a cis conformation and links Cu2I2 into a dinuclear structure. L2 and L3 in complexes 2 and 3 exhibit a trans conformation, and the alternative linkage of L2 or L3 and Cu2I2 results in the formation of a 1D chain. In complex 4, two pyrazolyl-pyridine units of L4 at the same side of the central phenyl ring are connected to Cu2I2 forming a tetranuclear macrocycle, and the third pyrazolyl-pyridine unit at the other side of the central phenyl ring further links the macrocycle into a 1D chain. L5 bridges Cu2I2 in a cis conformation forming a tetranuclear complex, which is very different from 1 owing to the difference of the electronic property between pyrazolyl and triazolyl rings. The coordination nitrogen atoms in two pairs of ortho-positioned nitrogen-containing chelating rings in L1 and L5 are directed toward opposite and the same directions, respectively. Complexes 1-4 containing pyrazolyl-pyridine units showed luminescence whereas no clear emission was observed in complex 5 containing triazolyl-pyridine units, despite the fact that they were investigated under the same conditions. The application of complexes 1-5 in the copper(I)-catalyzed Ullmann cross-coupling reaction and azide-alkyne cycloaddition reaction was preliminarily evaluated. Making a difference: Five copper(I) complexes consisting of Cu2I2 units (see figure for example) have been prepared by using readily available bis- or tris-chelating nitrogen-containing ligands. These complexes possess different crystal structures, luminescence properties, and catalytic performances owing to the difference in steric and electronic properties of the organic ligands. Copyright
- Zhao, Huaixia,Li, Xinxiong,Wang, Jinyun,Li, Liuyi,Wang, Ruihu
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- Co/NHPI-mediated aerobic oxygenation of benzylic C-H bonds in pharmaceutically relevant molecules
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A simple cobalt(ii)/N-hydroxyphthalimide catalyst system has been identified for selective conversion of benzylic methylene groups in pharmaceutically relevant (hetero)arenes to the corresponding (hetero)aryl ketones. The radical reaction pathway tolerates electronically diverse benzylic C-H bonds, contrasting recent oxygenation reactions that are initiated by deprotonation of a benzylic C-H bond. The reactions proceed under practical reaction conditions (1 M substrate in BuOAc or EtOAc solvent, 12 h, 90-100 °C), and they tolerate common heterocycles, such as pyridines and imidazoles. A cobalt-free, electrochemical, NHPI-catalyzed oxygenation method overcomes challenges encountered with chelating substrates that inhibit the chemical reaction. The utility of the aerobic oxidation method is showcased in the multigram synthesis of a key intermediate towards a drug candidate (AMG 579) under process-relevant reaction conditions.
- Hruszkewycz, Damian P.,Miles, Kelsey C.,Thiel,Stahl, Shannon S.
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- Copper nanoparticles incorporated on a mesoporous carbon nitride, an excellent catalyst in the Huisgen 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition and N-arylation of N-heterocycles
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Cu nanoparticles with average particles size around 10?nm were incorporated on the surface of a mesoporous carbon nitride support. The XRD and N2 adsorption isotherms show that it maintains a hexagonal mesoporous structure with a high surface a
- Kazemi Movahed, Siyavash,Salari, Parinaz,Kasmaei, Melika,Armaghan, Mahsa,Dabiri, Minoo,Amini, Mostafa M.
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- Synthesis and biological evaluation of some novel thiobenzimidazole derivatives as anti-renal cancer agents through inhibition of c-MET kinase
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Benzimidazole is an interesting scaffold constituting a main core in many anticancer agents against variable cell lines as Carbendazim (I) and Nocodazole (II). Accordingly, eighteen compounds of 2-((1H-benzoimidazol-2-yl)thio)-1-(aryl/heteroaryl)ethan-1-ones, in their sulfate salt and free forms, were designed and investigated as anticancer agents. In vitro preliminary screening of selected compounds by the National Cancer Institute (NCI) on a panel of 60 cell lines revealed renal cancer cell line (A498) as the most vulnerable cell line; accordingly, IC50 values against A498 cell line were determined for compounds with the best results. The best inhibitory activity was for compound 4a with (IC50 = 6.97 μM) compared to sunitinib as a reference drug (IC50 = 6.99 μM). Compound 4a was further subjected to cell cycle analysis that indicated the decrease in cell population in the G2/M phase when compared to the untreated control cells. In addition, it showed significant increase in the late apoptosis in Annexin-V FTIC study compared to the control cells. An enzymatic inhibitory study on compound 4a against c-Met and MAP kinases revealed its better activity against c-Met kinase with (IC50 = 0.27 μM) compared to sunitinib (IC50 = 0.18 μM). Molecular docking study was conducted to reveal the interactions of compound 4a in the active site of c-Met kinase. Computational ADME study was performed to insure that compound 4a has proper pharmacokinetic and drug-likeness properties.
- Ibrahim, Hany S.,Albakri, Mohamed E.,Mahmoud, Walaa R.,Allam, Heba Abdelrasheed,Reda, Ahmed M.,Abdel-Aziz, Hatem A.
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- 1-[4 - (1H-imidazol-1-yl)phenyl]-3-phenylprop-2-en-1-ones - A potential pharmacophore bearing anti-leishmanial activity
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A series of new potentially anti-microbial 1-[4-(1H-imidazol-1-yl)phenyl]-3-phenylprop-2-en-1-ones was synthesised by condensation of various substituted benzaldehydes with 1-[4-(1H-imidazol-1-yl)phenyl]ethanone, which was itself prepared by N-arylation o
- Hussain, Tanvir,Zia-Ur-Rehman, Muhammad,Zaheer, Muhammad,Ashraf, Chouhdary Muhammad,Bolte, Michael
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- Ligand-free N-arylation of heterocycles using metal-organic framework [Cu(INA)2] as an efficient heterogeneous catalyst
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A metal-organic framework [Cu(INA)2] was synthesized and used as a heterogeneous catalyst for arylation of a wide range of N-H heterocycles and aryl halides under ligand-free conditions. The N-arylation reaction involved the use of 5 mol% Cu-MOF catalyst with K3PO4 or tBuOLi as the base in dimethylacetamide (DMA) solvent at 100 °C in 6 h. [Cu(INA)2] exhibited higher catalytic activity for the N-arylation transformation than that of common homogeneous copper catalysts and other Cu-MOFs with unsaturated open metal sites such as Cu2(BDC)2(BPY), Cu3(BTC)2, and Cu2(BDC)2(DABCO). Interestingly, reaction conditions are compatible with a wide range of N-H heterocycles, functional groups, and aryl chlorides. A leaching test indicated no contribution of leached active species in the reaction filtrate. Furthermore, the [Cu(INA)2] catalyst could be facilely separated from the reaction mixture and recovered and reused several times without a significant degradation in catalytic activity.
- Truong, Thanh,Nguyen, Chi V.,Truong, Ngoc T.,Phan, Nam T. S.
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p. 107547 - 107556
(2015)
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- Synthesis and anticandidal activity of new imidazole-chalcones
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In the present work, 15 new 1-(4-(1H-imidazol-1-yl)phenyl)-3-(4-substituedphenyl)prop-2-en-1-one derivatives (3a–3o) were synthesized to evaluate their antifungal activity. Structures of newly synthesized imidazole derivatives (3a–3o) were characterized by IR,1H-NMR,13C-NMR, and LCMSMS spectroscopic methods. The anticandidal activity of compounds (3a–3o) against C. albicans (ATCC 24433), C. krusei (ATCC 6258), C. parapsilosis (ATCC 22019), and C. glabrata (ATCC 90030) was elucidated according to the EUCAST definitive (EDef 7.1) method. Consistent with the activity studies, 3a–3d were found to be more potent derivatives with their MIC50 values (0.78 μg/mL–3.125 μg/mL) against Candida strains. Compound 3c indicated similar antifungal activity to ketoconazole against all Candida species and was evaluated as the most active derivative in the series. Effects of the most potent derivatives 3a–3d on ergosterol biosynthesis were observed by LC-MS-MS method, which is based on quantification of the ergosterol level in C. krusei. Moreover, these compounds were subjected to a cytotoxicity test for the preliminary toxicological profiles and were found as non-cytotoxic. Furthermore, docking studies for the most active derivative 3c were performed to evaluate its binding modes on lanosterol 14-α-demethylase. In addition to in vitro tests, docking studies also revealed that Compound 3c is a potential ergosterol biosynthesis inhibitor.
- Osmaniye, Derya,Avu?o Glu, Bet l Kaya,Sa gl?k, Beg m Nurpelin,Levent, Serkan,Acar evik, Ulviye,Atl?, Zlem,Zkay, Yusuf,Kaplanc?kl?, Zafer As?m
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- A simple and efficient 2N2O-Cu(II) complex as a catalyst for N-arylation of imidazoles in water
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Four inexpensive and air- and moisture-stable 2N2O-Cu complexes were synthesized, one of which proved to exhibit good catalytic activity for the N-arylation of imidazoles in water. A variety of aryl iodides and aryl bromides underwent coupling with imidazoles promoted by the catalytic system with moderate to excellent yields.
- Liu, Yashuai,Gu, Ningning,Liu, Ping,Xie, Jianwei,Dai, Bin,Liu, Yan
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- Cu(OAc)2-porphyrins as an efficient catalytic system for base-free, nature mimicking Chan–Lam coupling in water
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The use of porphyrins as ligands in organic synthesis reveals the natural process, because these are the constituent motifs of catalysts in many bio-organic reactions. This article presents the synthesis of two N-pincer tetradentate porphyrins; tetrasodium meso-tetra(p-sulfonatophenyl)phorphyrin (H2TSTpSPP) and meso-tetra(m-carboxyphenyl)porphyrin (H2TmCPP), and study on their aptness for Cu-catalyzed C–N coupling reactions of arylboronic acids and amines (Chan–Lam coupling reaction) in water under external base free conditions. The porphyrins and Chan–Lam coupling products were well characterized by their spectral analysis. The high product yields, application of nature-inspired conditions, large extent of substrates, ease of making and handling the ligands, avoidance of base, and use of water as reaction media are the attractive attributes of this finding.
- Venkateswarlu, Katta,Rao, Kanusu Umamaheswara
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- A Pd/Cu-Free magnetic cobalt catalyst for C-N cross coupling reactions: synthesis of abemaciclib and fedratinib
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Herein, the synthesis of a nano-catalytic system comprising magnetic nanoparticles as the core and edible natural ligands bearing functional groups as supports for cobalt species is described. Subsequent to its characterization, the efficiency of the catalyst was investigated for C-N cross-coupling reactions using assorted derivatives of amines and aryl halides. This novel and easily accessible Pd- and Cu-free catalyst exhibited good catalytic activity in these reactions using γ-valerolactone (GVL) at room temperature; good recyclability bodes well for the future application of this strategy. The introduced catalytic system is attractive in view of the excellent efficiency in an array of coupling reactions and its versatility is illustrated in the synthesis of abemaciclib and fedratinib, which are FDA-approved new and significant anti-cancer medicinal compounds that are prepared under green reaction conditions.
- Hajipour, Abdol R.,Khorsandi, Zahra,Sarfjoo, Mohamad Reza,Varma, Rajender S.
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supporting information
p. 5222 - 5229
(2021/07/29)
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- N -Arylation of (hetero)arylamines using aryl sulfamates and carbamates via C-O bond activation enabled by a reusable and durable nickel(0) catalyst
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An effective and general aryl amination protocol has been developed using a magnetically recoverable Ni(0) based nanocatalyst. This new stable catalyst was prepared on Fe3O4@SiO2 modified by EDTA and investigated by FT-IR, EDX, TEM, XRD, DLS, FE-SEM, XPS, NMR, TGA, VSM, ICP and elemental analysis techniques. The reaction proceeded via carbon-oxygen bond cleavage of (hetero)aryl carbamates and sulfamates under simple and mild conditions without the use of any external ligands. This method demonstrated functional group tolerance in the N-arylation of various nitrogen-containing compounds as well as aliphatic amines, anilines, pyrroles, pyrazoles, imidazoles, indoles, and indazoles with good to excellent yields. Furthermore, the catalyst could be easily recovered by using an external magnetic field and directly reused at least six times without notable reduction in its activity. This journal is
- Dindarloo Inaloo, Iman,Majnooni, Sahar,Eslahi, Hassan,Esmaeilpour, Mohsen
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p. 13266 - 13278
(2020/10/07)
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- Copper quinolate: A simple and efficient catalytic complex for coupling reactions
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We describe an effective and novel method to prepare N-aryl imidazoles via the copper quinolate-catalyzed N-arylation of aryl halides and imidazoles. A wide range of products were obtained in moderate to excellent yields under the optimal reaction conditions. Applying standard conditions, the model reaction could be performed on a gram scale. This method also presents a new avenue to the “click” reaction of terminal alkynes, benzyl bromide, and sodium azide and to the construction of C–C bonds by homocoupling of phenylboronic acid or phenylacetylene derivatives with the aid of copper quinolate.
- Wu, Fengtian,Li, Huiqin,Xie, Jianwei
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- Facile synthesis of hydrochar supported copper nanocatalyst for Ullmann C–N coupling reaction in water
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The exploration of inexpensive and stable heterogeneous catalysts and application of green solvents for Ullmann C–N coupling reaction remain challenging. We present a facile fabrication of copper nanoparticles on hydrochar as prepared from natural, inexpensive and renewable chitosan together with in-situ reduction of copper salt in a one-pot hydrothermal carbonization process. The copper nanoparticles were uniformly dispersed on hydrochar by choosing block copolymer F127 as surfactant. Moreover, maleic acid was introduced to improve the hydrophilicity of hydrochar. The most active copper nanocomposite catalyst, that is, Cu/HCS-MA-F127, exhibited excellent catalytic activity for Ullmann C–N coupling reaction in water. The nature of the Cu/HCS-MA-F127 was characterized by FTIR spectroscopy, TG, XRD, SEM and XPS. Moderate to excellent yields of aimed products were gained by using this catalytic strategy. Moreover, the Cu/HCS-MA-F127 catalyst can be reused by simple centrifugal recovery with a stable performance.
- Ge, Xin,Ge, Meng,Chen, Xinzhi,Qian, Chao,Liu, Xuemin,Zhou, Shaodong
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- Nucleation of Tiny Silver Nanoparticles by Using a Tetrafacial Organic Molecular Barrel: Potential Use in Visible-Light-Triggered Photocatalysis
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Coordination-driven self-assembly of discrete molecular architectures of diverse shapes and sizes has been well studied in the last three decades. Use of dynamic imine bonds for designing analogous metal-free architectures has become a growing challenge r
- Mondal, Bijnaneswar,Bhandari, Pallab,Mukherjee, Partha Sarathi
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supporting information
p. 15007 - 15015
(2020/10/19)
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- Cu2O/1-(2-methylhydrazine-1-carbonyl)-isoquinoline 2-oxide catalyzed C-N cross-coupling reaction in aqueous media
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An experimentally simple, efficient, and inexpensive catalyst system was developed for the N-arylation of imidazole, indole, pyrrole, alkyl alcohol amines, and alkyl amines with aryl iodides and bromides. The reaction proceeds in water-ethanol media at 120 °C for 12 h with Cu2O as the catalyst, 1-(2-methylhydrazine-1-carbonyl)-isoquinoline 2-oxide (L2) as the ligand, NaOH as the base to generate a wide range of N-arylated products in moderate to excellent yields. Aqueous medium, ease of operation, and broad substrate scope give the process a benign environmental profile.
- Xie, Jian-Wei,Yao, Zhen-Bin,Wang, Xiao-Chuang,Zhang, Jie
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p. 3788 - 3792
(2019/06/08)
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- A designed bi-functional sugar-based surfactant: Micellar catalysis for C-X coupling reaction in water
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A bi-functional sugar-based surfactant ALA14 was designed as the ligand and micelle constructor and demonstrated to promote the copper-catalyzed C-X coupling reaction in water. The nature of this micelle, formed by sugar-based surfactants, was investigated with CMC, DLS, and TEM, by which encapsulation and aggregation of the substrates in micelles were verified. Additionally, it was addressed by 1H-NMR analysis that the enrichment position of the substrates is in the lipophilic alkyl chain. Finally, moderate to excellent yields of the aimed products were obtained in this work. This remarkably simple strategy expanded the scope of C-X coupling reaction in water; most notably, both water and ALA14 can be recycled and reused.
- Ge, Xin,Zhang, Shihui,Chen, Xinzhi,Liu, Xuemin,Qian, Chao
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supporting information
p. 2771 - 2776
(2019/06/13)
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- Commercial drug norfloxacin as a novel ligand for the copper-catalyzed N-arylation of imidazole with aryl halides
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Norfloxacin was used as an efficient ligand for the CuBr-catalyzed C-N coupling reaction of imidazole and aryl halides. The protocol presented good functional group compatibility, permitting many aryl halides to react with imidazole to form the desired products in good to excellent yields.
- Wu, Fengtian,Nan, Chenlong,Ma, Minyang,Li, Huiqin,Xie, Jianwei
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- A Newly Designed Carbohydrate-Derived Alkylamine Promotes Ullmann Type C-N Coupling Catalyzed by Copper in Water
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A green and biodegradable carbohydrate-derived alkylamine was designed and employed as ligand for Ullmann type C-N coupling catalyzed by copper in water. The coupling of aryl iodide and N-nucleophiles were examined and moderate to excellent yields were obtained. In addition, the in-water coupling strategy was expanded successfully to the reaction of indoles with 4-iodoanisole. By measuring the solubility, it is speculated that carbohydrate-derived alkylamine plays the role of chelating copper and promoting the dissolution of 4-iodoanisole in water. Remarkably, this methodology was environmentally friendly and economical because of the use of aqueous media in place of organic solvents.
- Zhou, Guoquan,Chen, Wen,Zhang, Shihui,Liu, Xuemin,Yang, Zehui,Ge, Xin,Fan, Hua-Jun
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supporting information
p. 193 - 198
(2019/01/14)
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- High-performance sono/nano-catalytic system: CTSN/Fe3O4-Cu nanocomposite, a promising heterogeneous catalyst for the synthesis of: N -arylimidazoles
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Herein, a promising heterogeneous nanoscale catalytic system constructed of chitosan (CTSN, as a polymeric basis), iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe3O4 NPs, as the magnetic agent), and copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs, as the main cata
- Taheri-Ledari, Reza,Hashemi, Seyed Masoud,Maleki, Ali
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p. 40348 - 40356
(2019/12/25)
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- Copper(I)-USY as a Ligand-Free and Recyclable Catalyst for Ullmann-Type O-, N-, S-, and C-Arylation Reactions: Scope and Application to Total Synthesis
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The copper(I)-doped zeolite CuI-USY proved to be a versatile, efficient, and recyclable catalyst for various Ullmann-type coupling reactions. Easy to prepare and cheap, this catalytic material enables the arylation and heteroarylation of diverse O-, N-, S-, and C-nucleophiles under ligand-free conditions while exhibiting large functional group compatibility. The facility of this catalyst to promote C-O bond formation was further demonstrated with the total synthesis of 3-methylobovatol, a naturally occurring diaryl ether of biological relevance. From a mechanistic viewpoint, two competitive pathways depending on the nature of the nucleophile and consistent with the obtained results have been proposed.
- Garnier, Tony,Danel, Mathieu,Magné, Valentin,Pujol, Anthony,Bénéteau, Valérie,Pale, Patrick,Chassaing, Stefan
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p. 6408 - 6422
(2018/05/31)
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- Salen complex of Cu(II) supported on superparamagnetic Fe3O4@SiO2 nanoparticles: an efficient and magnetically recoverable catalyst for N-arylation of imidazole with aryl halides
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Abstract: The Fe3O4@SiO2/Salen-Cu(II) nanocatalyst is reported as a thermally and air-stable, economical, and magnetically recoverable heterogeneous catalyst for the selective and efficient N-(hetero)arylation of imidazole. Only by adding a small amount of the catalyst (0.4?mol% Cu) to the reactants and heating under air, the new presented method provides a variety of functionalized and hindered N-(hetero)arylimidazoles in good to excellent yields within short reaction times. The catalyst could be easily recovered with the aid of a permanent magnet and reused up to five consecutive runs without significant loss of activity. Also, the leaching of Cu was negligible after the fifth recycle. Particularly, using either (hetero)aryl iodides or bromides as arylating agents and the need of only small amount of the magnetically recoverable heterogeneous copper-based nanocatalyst make this method low-cost, environmentally benign, and easy to use. Graphical abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.].
- Sardarian, Ali Reza,Zohourian-Mashmoul, Neda,Esmaeilpour, Mohsen
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p. 1101 - 1109
(2018/02/21)
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- 2,6-Bis(2-methylhydrazine-1-carbonyl)pyridine 1-oxide as an Efficient Ligand for Copper-Catalyzed C–N Coupling Reaction in Water
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Abstract: Cu2O/2,6-bis(2-methylhydrazine-1-carbonyl)pyridine 1-oxide was found to be an efficiently catalytic system for the N-arylation of imidazole, indole, benzimidazole, pyrrole, benzylamine and ethanolamine with aryl iodides and bromides by using NaOH as base in the presence of 20?mol% (n-Bu)4NBr, and water as solvent at 130?°C in 24?h, and giving the N-arylated products in moderate to excellent yields.
- Wang, Xiaochuang,Meng, Fei,Zhang, Jie,Xie, Jianwei,Dai, Bin
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p. 1142 - 1149
(2018/02/22)
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- Efficient Ullmann C-X coupling reaction catalyzed by a recoverable functionalized-chitosan supported copper complex
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Three different types of functionalized-CS were prepared and anchored with copper salts for use as the catalyst for the Ullmann C-X coupling reaction. The Schiff-basic chitosan supported copper complex (PCCS@CuI) exhibits the highest catalytic activity. The structure of the catalyst was characterized by FTIR spectroscopy, TG, XRD, SEM, EDS and XPS. This catalyst exhibited high applicability for the C-N and C-S coupling reactions, in which good to excellent yields were obtained. Its easy separation, good reusability and stability were notable.
- Liu, Xuemin,Chang, Shuo,Chen, Xinzhi,Ge, Xin,Qian, Chao
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supporting information
p. 16013 - 16020
(2018/10/04)
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- A waste-minimized protocol for copper-catalyzed Ullmann-type reaction in a biomass derived furfuryl alcohol/water azeotrope
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We report the use of biomass-derived furfuryl alcohol as an effective bidentate ligand able to promote the Ullmann-type copper-catalyzed coupling of aryl halides with heteroaromatic or aliphatic amines. Furfuryl alcohol (FA) can be mixed with water to form the corresponding azeotrope (20 wt% of FA) and therefore can be easily recovered and reused. This protocol is efficiently applied to substrates with various electronic nature and affords the expected products (27 examples) in generally good to excellent yields. It has also been demonstrated that the protocol is both chemically and environmentally effective as the azeotropic mixture can be easily and almost quantitatively recovered at the end of the process.
- Ferlin, Francesco,Trombettoni, Valeria,Luciani, Lorenzo,Fusi, Soliver,Piermatti, Oriana,Santoro, Stefano,Vaccaro, Luigi
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supporting information
p. 1634 - 1639
(2018/04/12)
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- Functional 1,8-naphthyridine copper(I) complex as efficient catalyst for n-arylation of imidazoles coupling reactions
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The functional 1,8-naphthyridine copper(I) complex, synthesized through a non-catalyst C(sp3)-H methylenation, catalyzes the cross-coupling reaction of aryl halides with imidazoles, by C?N bond formation. The Cu(I) complex catalyzes the reaction with a low catalyst loading (1%, molar fraction) and cheap base even under aerobic conditions. The procedure tolerates aryl halides with various functional groups (such as methyl, methoxy, acetyl, fluoro, nitrile and nitro groups) and gives the corresponding coupling products in moderate to high yields.
- Gou, Gao-Zhang,Wu, Na,Zhang, Ju-Cheng,Shi, Ling,Liu, Gui-Yang,Liu, Wei,Mang, Chao-Yong,Chi, Shao-Ming
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p. 181 - 185
(2018/02/28)
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- Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of novel aryldiketo acids with enhanced antibacterial activity against multidrug resistant bacterial strains
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Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a major health problem worldwide, because of ability of bacteria, fungi and viruses to evade known therapeutic agents used in treatment of infections. Aryldiketo acids (ADK) have shown antimicrobial activity against several resistant strains including Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. Our previous studies revealed that ADK analogues having bulky alkyl group in ortho position on a phenyl ring have up to ten times better activity than norfloxacin against the same strains. Rational modifications of analogues by introduction of hydrophobic substituents on the aromatic ring has led to more than tenfold increase in antibacterial activity against multidrug resistant Gram positive strains. To elucidate a potential mechanism of action for this potentially novel class of antimicrobials, several bacterial enzymes were identified as putative targets according to literature data and pharmacophoric similarity searches for potent ADK analogues. Among the seven bacterial targets chosen, the strongest favorable binding interactions were observed between most active analogue and S. aureus dehydrosqualene synthase and DNA gyrase. Furthermore, the docking results in combination with literature data suggest that these novel molecules could also target several other bacterial enzymes, including prenyl-transferases and methionine aminopeptidase. These results and our statistically significant 3D QSAR model could be used to guide the further design of more potent derivatives as well as in virtual screening for novel antibacterial agents.
- Cvijeti?, Ilija N.,Verbi?, Tatjana ?.,Ernesto de Resende, Pedro,Stapleton, Paul,Gibbons, Simon,Jurani?, Ivan O.,Drakuli?, Branko J.,Zloh, Mire
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p. 1474 - 1488
(2017/11/17)
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- Carbothioamide as Highly Efficient Ligand for Copper-catalyzed Room Temperature Chan–Lam Cross-Coupling Reaction
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The catalytic activity of three N,S-donor ligands, viz L1 [2-(4-methoxybenzylidene)-N-phenylhydrazinecarbothioamide], L2 [2,2′-(1,2-diphenylethane-1,2-diylidene)bis(hydrazinecarbothioamide)] and L3 [2-(4-methoxybenzylidene)hydrazinecarbothioamide] has been reported for N-arylation of imidazoles with arylboronic acids in ethanol at room temperature. The method was found to be applicable in N-arylation for a wide range of electronically diverse arylboronic acids with imidazoles having modest to excellent isolated yields. The in situ generated copper(II) complex of the ligand namely, 2-(4-methoxybenzylidene)-N-phenylhydrazinecarbothioamide (L1) was found to be highly efficient homogeneous catalyst for N-arylation reaction.
- Baruah, Jayantajit,Gogoi, Kongkona,Dewan, Anindita,Borah, Geetika,Bora, Utpal
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p. 1203 - 1208
(2017/10/25)
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- Cu2O/Cs2CO3/DMF: An efficient catalytic system for N-arylation of imidazole with aryl halides under ligand-free conditions
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A ligand-free Cu-catalyzed protocol for the Ullmann-type N-arylation of N-containing heterocycles with aryl or heteroaryl iodides and bromides has been established. A broad range of functional groups is well tolerated on both of the cross-coupling partners, producing the desired products in good to excellent yields.
- Wang, Xiaochuang,Wang, Meiji,Xie, Jianwei
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supporting information
p. 1797 - 1803
(2017/09/22)
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- The Catalytic Properties of a Copper-Based Nanoscale Coordination Polymer Fabricated by a Solvent-Etching Top-Down Route
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Manipulating particle size is a powerful means of creating unprecedented applications in both inorganic and organic materials. Coordination polymers, which are emerging as a type of organic–inorganic hybrid materials, have attracted thriving interest in a variety of applications, but nanoscale coordination polymers have scarcely been touched. In this work, the pure-phase {Cu6[1,4-bis(imidazol-1-yl)butane]3I6}∞ coordination polymer with different sizes and morphologies was synthesized for the first time through a facile top-down route assisted by solvent etching. The size and morphology could be adjusted simply by varying the participating etching solvents. Our mechanistic investigations suggest that the bulk coordination polymer as a precursor in the etching solvents may experience a process of dispersion, dissolution, and recrystallization to generate the nanoscale counterpart. High catalytic activity of the nanoscale coordination polymer was observed in the N-arylation of imidazole aryl halides, and this was attributed to a high surface area and a low coordination number of unsaturated coordination sites. This simple and rapid preparation, requiring neither specialized equipment nor harsh conditions, suggests a wealth of potential for reducing the size of coordination polymers to comply with various practical applications.
- Cao, Xiaowei,Fang, Zhenlan,Huang, Wei,Ju, Qiang
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supporting information
p. 4803 - 4807
(2017/11/14)
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- Copper immobilized on magnetite nanoparticles coated with ascorbic acid: An efficient and reusable catalyst for C─N and C─O cross-coupling reactions
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In a continuation of using magnetic nanoparticle (MNP)-supported catalysts, ascorbic acid (readily available, very safe and with strong affinity to MNPs) was used instead of the commonly used silica layer coating. This hybrid was used for immobilizing copper nanoparticles to produce Cu/ascorbic acid@MNPs catalyst. The catalyst was characterized and used in carbon–oxygen and carbon–nitrogen (various substrates) cross-coupling reactions in aqueous media and at room temperature with excellent product yields. Furthermore, the catalyst could be quickly and completely recovered using an external magnetic field and reused for six reaction cycles without significant change in catalytic activity.
- Hajipour, Abdol R.,Check, Maryam,Khorsandi, Zahra
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- Methylene bridging 1,8-naphthyridine ligand and copper (I) complex, preparing method and application
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The invention discloses a methylene bridging 1,8-naphthyridine ligand and copper (I) complex, a preparing method and an application. The molecular formula of the methylene bridging 1,8-naphthyridine ligand and copper (I) complex is shown in the specificat
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Paragraph 0062; 0063; 0064; 0065; 0066; 0067; 0068; 0069
(2017/04/26)
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- Efficient Ullmann C-N coupling catalyzed by a recoverable oligose-supported copper complex
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The natural compound β-cyclodextrin supported copper complex (CuIβ-CD) was prepared and employed as catalyst for an Ullmann-type C-N coupling reaction of N-nucleophiles and aryl halides under mild conditions. Reactions with different substrates were examined, and moderate to excellent yields were obtained. In addition to the high efficiency, the reaction system is also noticeable due to the excellent recoverability and reusability of the catalyst.
- Ge, Xin,Chen, Xinzhi,Qian, Chao,Zhou, Shaodong
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p. 58898 - 58906
(2016/07/06)
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- Synthesis and characterization of 1,3-diamino-graphene as a heterogeneous ligand for a CuI-catalyzed C-N coupling reaction
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1,3-Diamino-graphene (NH2-G-NH2) materials were synthesized using a simple chemical method. The as-prepared materials were characterized using FT-IR, TG, XRD, XPS, and SEM measurements. The results revealed that a 1,3-diamino group was successfully grafted on graphene and could immobilize CuI by coordination interactions. The NH2-G-NH2 materials can be used as heterogeneous ligands for CuI-catalyzed C-N coupling reactions, and the desired products were obtained with good yields. The reaction system is much smoother at lower temperature compared with others previously reported. Additionally, the new method can easily realize the purification of products and recycling of catalysts.
- Zhou, Limei,Yin, Mengyun,Jiang, Xiaohui,Huang, Qiang,Lang, Wencheng
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p. 1454 - 1459
(2016/02/19)
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- Application of nanoparticle mediated N-arylation of amines for the synthesis of pharmaceutical entities using vit-E analogues as amphiphiles in water
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The first CuI-nanoparticle catalyzed inter and intramolecular N-arylation of amines using vitamin E analogues (TPGS) as amphipiles has been developed in water. Application of this transition metal-amphiphile C-N bond formation methodology is further extended for the synthesis of substituted indoles, bioactive natural product tryptanthrin and intermediates of pharmaceutical entities such as imatinib, nilotinib, selective D3 agonist/antagonist ligands, and oxacarbazepine. This journal is
- Kumar, Atul,Bishnoi, Ajay Kumar
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p. 20516 - 20520
(2015/03/30)
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- N-(1-Oxy-2-picolyl)oxalamic acids as a new type of O,O-ligands for the Cu-catalyzed N-arylation of azoles with aryl halides in water or organic solvent
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N-(1-Oxy-pyridin-2-ylmethyl)oxalamic acids (L3-L5) were identified as novel efficient ligands for copper-catalyzed C-N cross-coupling of azoles and aryl halides in water. The N-arylation of imidazoles, indoles and pyrazoles proceeded with moderate to excellent yields and complete selectivity over aromatic amines and phenols. Moreover, L5, which is also efficient in organic solvent with low catalyst loading, can be used to promote the N-arylation reactions with water-sensitive materials. The catalytic mechanism was proposed based on the results of several verification experiments which indicated that the ligands as new-type chelators may coordinate to Cu(i) with two oxygen atoms of N-oxide and amide in the coupling process. This journal is
- Wang, Yongbin,Zhang, Yu,Yang, Beibei,Zhang, Ao,Yao, Qizheng
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p. 4101 - 4114
(2015/03/30)
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- Magnetically retrievable lepidocrocite supported copper oxide nanocatalyst (Fe-CuO) for N-arylation of imidazole
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A simple and efficient lepidocrocite-supported copper oxide catalyst (Fe-CuO) has been successfully prepared by a simple precipitation method in aqueous medium from readily available inexpensive starting materials and was used as a heterogeneous nanocatal
- Sivakami,Babu, S. Ganesh,Dhanuskodi,Karvembu
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p. 8571 - 8578
(2015/03/03)
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- Palladium(II) 9,10-phenanthrenequinone N-substituted thiosemicarbazone/semicarbazone complexes as efficient catalysts for N-arylation of imidazole
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A series of palladium complexes, [PdCl(L1-4)] (1-4) (L1 = 9,10-phenanthrenequinone thiosemicarbazone, L2 = 9,10-phenanthrenequinone methylthiosemicarbazone, L3 = 9,10-phenanthrenequinone phenylthiosemicarbazone, and L4 = 9,10-phenanthrenequinone semicarbazone), have been synthesized and characterized by elemental analyses, UV-vis, FT-IR, 1H and 13C NMR, and ESI-Mass spectroscopic methods. The catalytic efficiency of the synthesized complexes was examined against N-arylation of imidazole. The system works well with the electron-rich, -neutral, and -deficient aryl halides to afford the products in good to excellent yields. Sterically congested aryl halides and heteroaryl halides have also been used as substrates to provide N-arylated heterocycles. In addition, this methodology can be applicable to other substrates with N-containing heterocycles.
- Anitha, Panneerselvam,Manikandan, Rajendran,Viswanathamurthi, Periasamy
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p. 3537 - 3550
(2015/09/28)
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- Cu(0)@Al2O3/SiO2 NPs: An efficient reusable catalyst for the cross coupling reactions of aryl chlorides with amines and anilines
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The C-N cross coupling reaction of aryl chlorides with various alkyl/aryl amines catalyzed by copper nanoparticles impregnated on alumina/silica support (Cu(0)@Al2O3/SiO2) was investigated. The prepared catalyst was characterized for its intrinsic physico-chemical and textural properties using XRD, XPS, HR-TEM, BET surface area, SEM-EDAX, H2-TPR and ICP-AES techniques. The catalyst exhibits excellent reactivity and efficacy in the cross-coupling of a wide range of alkyl/aryl amines including challenging anilines with aryl chlorides. The catalyst offers significant advantages such as brevity, milder reaction conditions, excellent yields and high functional group tolerance for C-N cross coupling when compared with the other reported methods. Moreover, this atom-economical methodology does not require an additional ligand or co-catalyst/activator. The Cu(0)@Al2O3/SiO2 catalyst was efficiently applied to a gram scale synthesis of 7-chloro-4-(4-(2-nitrophenyl)piperazin-1-yl)quinolone (2k). The robustness of the catalyst was examined by reusing it for five consecutive runs.
- Reddy, P. Linga,Arundhathi,Rawat, Diwan S.
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p. 92121 - 92127
(2015/11/17)
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- A metal-organic framework Cu2(BDC)2(DABCO) as an efficient and reusable catalyst for Ullmann-type N-arylation of imidazoles
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A highly porous metal-organic framework (Cu2(BDC)2(DABCO)) was synthesized and used as an efficient and recyclable heterogeneous catalyst for the Ullmann-type N-arylation of aryl halides with imidazoles. The Cu2(BDC)2(DABCO) was characterized by several techniques, including X-ray powder diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, Fourier transform infrared, atomic absorption spectrophotometry, and nitrogen physisorption measurements. The catalyst offered high activity under mild conditions, confirming outstanding advantages when employing the Cu2(BDC)2(DABCO) as catalyst for Ullmann-type N-arylation reaction. The catalyst could be separated from the reaction mixture by simple filtration, and could be reused without a significant degradation in catalytic activity.
- Nguyen, Tung T.,Phan, Nam T. S.
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p. 1877 - 1883
(2015/02/19)
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- Open-air N-arylation of N-H heterocycles with arylboronic acids catalyzed by copper(II) Schiff base complexes
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Two copper Schiff base complexes, in both homogeneous and heterogeneous forms, were prepared and characterized by using elemental analysis, FTIR, UV-Vis spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The catalytic performances of these complexes were studied in the N-arylation of N-H heterocycles with arylboronic acids in methanol without any added base at 40 °C under open air. The effects of various parameters such as solvent and temperature on the reaction system were studied. The reaction is applicable to a wide variety of N-H heterocycles and arylboronic acids. The heterogeneous catalyst was recovered by simple filtration, and reusability experiments showed that this catalyst can be used five times without much loss in the catalytic activity.
- Islam,Dey, Ram Chandra,Roy, Anupam Singha,Paul, Sumantra,Mondal, Sanchita
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p. 961 - 969
(2015/01/09)
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- A highly active reusable polymer anchored copper catalyst for C-O, C-N and C-S cross coupling reactions
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A new furfural functionalized polymer-amine grafted with copper catalyst has been designed and employed for the N-arylation, O-arylation and S-arylation reactions under an open air condition to afford the corresponding coupled products in good to excellent yields. This solid supported catalyst was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), UV-vis spectroscopy and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The developed catalyst can be facilely recovered and reused five times without significant decrease in activity and selectivity. This result confirms that the polymer anchored complex was not leached during the reaction, suggesting the true heterogeneous nature of the catalyst.
- Islam, Sk.Manirul,Salam, Noor,Mondal, Paramita,Roy, Anupam Singha,Ghosh, Kajari,Tuhina
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- A one-step method for preparation of Cu@Cu2O nanoparticles on reduced graphene oxide and their catalytic activities in N-arylation of N-heterocycles
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Core-shell Cu@Cu2O nanoparticles on reduced graphene oxide (Cu@Cu2O NPs-RGO) nanocomposite were prepared at room temperature by in situ reduction of graphene oxide (GO) and copper sulfate using l-ascorbic acid as reducing agent and t
- Movahed, Siyavash Kazemi,Dabiri, Minoo,Bazgir, Ayoob
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- Copper powder-catalyzed N-arylation of imidazoles in water using 2-(hydrazinecarbonyl)pyridine N-oxides as the new ligands
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2-(2-Hydrazinecarbonyl)pyridine N-oxides, which were derived from pyrrole-2-carbohydrazides and pyridine N-oxides, were synthesized and utilized as the ligands for copper powder-catalyzed N-arylation of imidazoles with aryl halides in water. Imidazoles could be arylated smoothly with various aryl halides to provide the title products in preferable yields without the need of an inert atmosphere.
- Wu, Feng-Tian,Yan, Nan-Nan,Liu, Ping,Xie, Jian-Wei,Liu, Yan,Dai, Bin
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p. 3249 - 3251
(2014/06/09)
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- 3-(Diphenylphosphino)propanoic acid: An efficient ligand for the Cu-catalyzed N-arylation of imidazoles and 1H-pyrazole with aryl halides
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3-(Diphenylphosphino)propanoic acid (L2) has proved to be an efficient ligand for the copper-catalyzed CN coupling reactions. N-arylation of imidazoles with aryl iodides catalyzed by CuCl/L2 was smoothly carried out in DMSO at 100 °C with a yield up to 98%. N-arylation of 1H-pyrazole with aryl iodides and bromides catalyzed by Cu(OAc)2/L2 in 1,4-dioxane also gave the corresponding products with yields of 40%-98%.
- Liu, Ya-Shuai,Liu, Yan,Ma, Xiao-Wei,Liu, Ping,Xie, Jian-Wei,Dai, Bin
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p. 775 - 778
(2014/06/09)
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- Cu-grafted mesoporous organic polymer: A new recyclable nanocatalyst for multi-component, N-arylation and S-arylation reactions
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A new mesoporous Cu-MPTA-1 nanocatalyst has been synthesized via a simple and facile in situ radical polymerization of triallylamine in the presence of an organic-organic self-assembly of anionic surfactant SDS, followed by grafting of Cu(ii) at room temperature under an inert atmosphere. This nanomaterial has been characterized by elemental analysis, powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), N2 adsorption-desorption studies, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and EPR spectroscopy. Cu-MPTA-1 acts as an efficient heterogeneous nanocatalyst exhibiting a high catalytic activity for N-arylation and S-arylation reactions using water as a green solvent and also exhibits an excellent catalytic activity for the one-pot synthesis of propargylamines via a three component coupling of an alkyne, an amine and an aldehyde at room temperature. Moreover, the catalyst is easily recoverable and can be reused six times without an appreciable loss of catalytic activity in the three component coupling reaction. The highly dispersed Cu(ii) sites in the Cu-grafted mesoporous polymer could be responsible for the observed high activities of the Cu-MPTA-1 catalyst in the coupling reactions. No evidence of leached Cu from the catalyst during the course of the reaction has been observed, suggesting true heterogeneity in the catalytic process. The Royal Society of Chemistry.
- Salam, Noor,Kundu, Sudipta K.,Roy, Anupam Singha,Mondal, Paramita,Roy, Susmita,Bhaumik, Asim,Islam, Sk. Manirul
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p. 3303 - 3316
(2013/12/04)
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- A recyclable Cu-catalyzed C-N coupling reaction in water and its application to synthesis of imidazo[1,2-a]quinoxaline
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Polystyrene-supported pyrrole-2-carbohydrazide (PSP) was synthesized and combined with CuI to make up a recyclable heterogeneous catalytic system for Ullmann-type C-N coupling reaction in water. In which, a variety of functionalized aryl halides animated efficiently with anilines, benzylamine, aliphatic amines, and imidazole. its preliminary application resulted in a more practical synthesis of imidazo[1,2-a]quinoxaline.
- Huang, Liye,Yu, Ruina,Zhu, Xinhai,Wan, Yiqian
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supporting information
p. 8974 - 8977
(2013/09/23)
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- 8-Hydroxyquinoline functionalized peg-1000 bridged Dicationic ionic liquid as a novel Ligand for copper-catalyzed n-Arylation of Imidazoles
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A novel 8-hydroxyquinoline functionalized PEG-1000 bridged dicationic ionic liquid ([HQ-PEG1000- DIL][BF4]) was synthesized and characterized. It was applied as an efficiently recyclable ligand for copper- catalyzed N-arylation of nitrogen-containing heterocycles with aryl halides. The catalytic system could be easily recovered and reused for at least five runs without obvious loss of catalytic activity.
- Wang, Ying-Lei,Luo, Jun,Liu, Zu-Liang
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p. 1007 - 1013
(2013/10/22)
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- Efficient copper-catalyzed ullmann reaction of aryl bromides with imidazoles in water promoted by a pH-Responsive ligand
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A series of 1,10-phenanthroline derivatives were used as supporting ligands for copper-catalyzed Ullmann reaction in neat water. The catalytic system based on 4,7-dihydroxy-1,10-phenanthroline has demonstrated the promising catalytic performances for aryl
- Lv, Rui,Wang, Yangxin,Zhou, Chunshan,Li, Liuyi,Wang, Ruihu
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p. 2978 - 2982
(2013/10/21)
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- Selective copper catalysed aromatic N-arylation in water
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4,7-Dipyrrolidinyl-1,10-phenanthroline (DPPhen) was identified as an efficient ligand for copper catalysed selective aromatic N-arylation in water. N-Arylation of indoles, imidazoles and purines proceeds with moderate to excellent yields and complete selectivity over aliphatic amines. Aqueous medium and the possibility for low metal and ligand loadings give the process a benign environmental profile.
- Engel-Andreasen, Jens,Shimpukade, Bharat,Ulven, Trond
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supporting information
p. 336 - 340
(2013/03/14)
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- A simple and efficient copper(II) complex as a catalyst for N-arylation of imidazoles
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Four inexpensive and air-/moisture-stable pyrrolecarbaldiminato-Cu complexes 1-4 were synthesized and evaluated to be a novel class of catalysts for the N-arylation of imidazoles with aryl halides. A variety of aryl iodides, bromides and activated aryl chlorides underwent the coupling with imidazoles, promoted by the catalyst 4, in moderate to good yields without the protection by an inert gas. Copyright
- Jiao, Yanli,Yan, Nannan,Xie, Jianwei,Ma, Xiaowei,Liu, Ping,Dai, Bin
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p. 267 - 270
(2013/08/24)
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- N-Arylation of heterocycles promoted by tetraethylenepentamine in water
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Tetraethylenepentamine and triethylenetetramine are found to be efficient organic bases for the N-arylation of pyrazole and imidazole with aryl and heteroaryl-iodides and -bromides catalyzed by CuI in water at moderate temperature. The cross-couplings proceed smoothly with good to excellent yields and a variety of functional groups are tolerated under this condition.
- Yang, Qichao,Wang, Yufang,Yang, Li,Zhang, Mingjie
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supporting information
p. 6230 - 6233
(2013/07/19)
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