104874-50-2Relevant articles and documents
A concise methodology for the synthesis of (-)-Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol and (-)-Δ9-tetrahydrocannabivarin metabolites and their regiospecifically deuterated analogs
Nikas, Spyros P.,Thakur, Ganesh A.,Parrish, Damon,Alapafuja, Shakiru O.,Huestis, Marilyn A.,Makriyannis, Alexandros
, p. 8112 - 8123 (2008/02/08)
The availability of tetrahydrocannabinols (Δ9-THC), tetrahydrocannabivarins (Δ9-THCV), and their metabolites in both their undeuterated and deuterated forms is critical for the analysis of biological and toxicological samples. We report here a concise methodology for the syntheses of (-)-Δ9-THC and (-)-Δ9-THCV metabolites in significantly improved overall yields using commercially available starting materials. Our approach allowed us to obtain the key intermediates (6aR,10aR)-9-nor-9-oxo-hexahydrocannabinols in four steps from (+)-(1R)-nopinone. This was followed by an optimized Shapiro reaction to give the (-)-11-nor-9-carboxy-metabolites, which were converted to their respective (-)-11-hydroxy analogs. The synthetic sequence involves a minimum number of steps, avoids undesirable oxidative conditions, and incorporates the costly deuterated resorcinols near the end of the synthetic sequence. This methodology enabled us to synthesize eight regiospecifically deuterated (-)-Δ9-THC and (-)-Δ9-THCV metabolites in a preparative scale and high optical purity without deuterium scrambling or loss.
TETRAHYDROCANNABINOID ANTIGENS AND METHOD OF USE
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Page/Page column Figure 8, (2010/10/20)
The present invention is directed to Δ8-THC and Δ9-THC compounds useful for the covalent attachment to immunogenic molecules to form antigens for the preparation of specific binding molecules to Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol, Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinoids, Δ8-Tetrahydrocannabinol, and Δ8-Tetrahydrocannabinoids, and their derivatives and metabolites. The present invention is directed to the compounds, their method of preparation, cell lines producing the specific binding molecules, methods of using the antigens to produce the specific binding molecules, and test devices containing the antigens, haptens, or specific binding molecules of the invention.
Studies on the synthesis of (-)-11-nor-9-carboxy-Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and related compounds: An improved oxidative procedure
Siegel,Gordon,Razdan
, p. 851 - 853 (2007/10/02)
A facile procedure is described whereby Δ9-THC aldehydes 4, as their tert-butyldimethylsilyl derivatives, are conveniently oxidized to the corresponding acids with sodium chlorite in the presence of a large excess of 2-methyl-2-butene without isomerization of the Δ9-double bond. Deprotection of the O-protecting group with tetrabutylammonium fluoride in tetrahydrofuran gave the acids 2 in an overall yield of ≥80%. A study of other oxidizing agents and protecting groups demonstrated that this is the procedure of choice for the preparation of 9-carboxy-Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinols.
Synthesis of (+/-)-11-Nor-9-carboxy-Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol: New Synthetic Approaches to Cannabinoids
Huffman, John W.,Zhang, Xuehai,Wu, Ming-Jung,Joyner, H. Howard,Pennington, William T.
, p. 1481 - 1489 (2007/10/02)
A completely regioselective synthesis of (+/-)-11-nor-9-carboxy-Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (1), a principal human metabolite of Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (2), has been carried out in seven steps and 14percent overall yield from apoverbene (9) and the bis-MOM ether of olivetol.Condensation of 9 with the aryllithium derived from the bis-MOM ether of olivetol gives an unstable tertiary allylic alcohol that undergoes oxidative rearrangement to give enone 42.Reaction of 42 with acid results in hydrolysis of the MOM ethers and cyclization to benzopyranone 21.Conversion to MOM ether 39 followed by Li/NH3 reduction and trapping of the enolate with N-phenyltriflimide gives vinyl triflate 40 plus the isomer with a cis ring fusion.Palladium-catalyzed carboxylation, hydrolysis of the MOM ether, and separation from cis acid 41 gives pure 1.Model experiments employing unsubstituted resorcinol derivatives that lead to ester 27 are described, as are a number of alternative approaches to acid 1.
Glucuronic acid conjugate of Δ1-tetrahydrocannabinol identified in the urine of man
Halldin,Widman
, p. 177 - 178 (2007/10/02)
A Δ1-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ1-THC) metabolite has been identified as an O-glucuronide of Δ1-THC in the human urine after oral administration of Δ1-THC. The metabolite was present in small amounts and its identify was confirmed by comparison of its mass spectrum to that of a reference compound.