- Synthesis of N-substituted piperazinyl carbamoyl and acetyl derivatives of tetrahydropapaverine: potent antispasmodic agents.
-
The synthesis and structure-activity-relationship (SAR) for a series of N-substituted piperazinyl carbamoyl 7-15 and piperazinyl acetyl 18-26 derivatives of tetrahydropapaverine have been carried out. The general synthetic methods of carbamoyl tetrahydropapaverine analogues involve N-substituted piperazines and carbamoyl imidazole tetrahydropapaverine as starting materials. Another route for synthesizing these compounds, involving the formation of carbamoyl imidazole piperazine has also been explored. Acylation of tetrahydropapaverine followed by substitution with various piperazinyl moities afforded the acetyl tetrahydropapaverine derivatives. Variously substituted piperazines have been used to monitor the effect of electron releasing and electron withdrawing substituents upon the antispasmodic activity of the molecules. Effect of varying electron densities on the antispasmodic activity, by altering the position of these groups on the benzene ring has also been monitored. Pharmacological methods involve the in vitro antispasmodic activity studies on a freshly removed guinea pig ileum using a force displacement transducer amplifier connected to a physiograph. Among the analogues synthesized in the present study, a promising compound 7, a potent muscle relaxant as compared to papaverine has been obtained.
- Kaur, Jaskiran,Ghosh, Narendra Nath,Talwar, Anita,Chandra, Ramesh
-
-
Read Online
- Synthesis of tetrahydroisoquinoline alkaloids via anodic cyanation as the key step
-
We report a new route to tetrahydroisoquinoline (THIQ) alkaloids involving the alkylation of α-aminonitrile 2 as a key step. The latter compound was prepared by anodic cyanation of the corresponding tertiary amine 1. Reductive decyanation of α-aminonitriles 6a-c proceeded diastereoselectively (up to 95% de) to deliver the C1-substituted alkaloids precursors 9a-c. The syntheses of (±)-carnegine, (±)-norlaudanosine, and (±)-O,O- dimethylcoclaurine have been achieved.
- Louafi, Fadila,Hurvois, Jean-Pierre,Chibani, Aissa,Roisnel, Thierry
-
-
Read Online
- COMPOUNDS, COMPOSITIONS AND METHODS FOR TREATING NASH, NAFLD, AND OBESITY
-
The present technology relates to methods of treating NASH, NAFLD and/or obesity using compounds of Formulas I, II, III, IV, V, and/or VI. The methods include administering to a subject suffering from one or more of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), non- alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and/or obesity a therapeutically effective amount of such a compound
- -
-
-
- Development of Pd(OAc)2-catalyzed tandem oxidation of C[sbnd]N, C[sbnd]C, and C(sp3)–H bonds: Concise synthesis of 1-aroylisoquinoline, oxoaporphine, and 8-oxyprotoberberine alkaloids
-
A catalytic tandem oxidation of C[sbnd]N, C[sbnd]C, and C(sp3)–H bonds is developed. This tandem oxidation is applied to two-step total syntheses of papaveraldine and pulcheotine A. Additionally, the total synthesis of liriodenine is achieved in six steps from homopiperonyl alcohol and 2-bromophenylacetonitrile by applying this catalytic tandem oxidation. Moreover, the direct conversion of xylopinine to 8-oxypseudopalmatine in a 76% yield demonstrates the versatility of this catalytic reaction.
- Nishimoto, Saeko,Nakahashi, Hiromichi,Toyota, Masahiro
-
-
- Effect of 1-Substitution on Tetrahydroisoquinolines as Selective Antagonists for the Orexin-1 Receptor
-
Selective blockade of the orexin-1 receptor (OX1) has been suggested as a potential approach to drug addiction therapy because of its role in modulating the brain's reward system. We have recently reported a series of tetrahydroisoquinoline-based OX1 selective antagonists. Aimed at elucidating structure-activity relationship requirements in other regions of the molecule and further enhancing OX1 potency and selectivity, we have designed and synthesized a series of analogues bearing a variety of substituents at the 1-position of the tetrahydroisoquinoline. The results show that an optimally substituted benzyl group is required for activity at the OX1 receptor. Several compounds with improved potency and/or selectivity have been identified. When combined with structural modifications that were previously found to improve selectivity, we have identified compound 73 (RTIOX-251) with an apparent dissociation constant (Ke) of 16.1 nM at the OX1 receptor and >620-fold selectivity over the OX2 receptor. In vivo, compound 73 was shown to block the development of locomotor sensitization to cocaine in rats. (Chemical Equation Presented).
- Perrey, David A.,German, Nadezhda A.,Decker, Ann M.,Thorn, David,Li, Jun-Xu,Gilmour, Brian P.,Thomas, Brian F.,Harris, Danni L.,Runyon, Scott P.,Zhang, Yanan
-
p. 599 - 614
(2015/04/27)
-
- Toward the development of bivalent ligand probes of cannabinoid CB1 and Orexin OX1 receptor heterodimers
-
Cannabinoid CB1 and orexin OX1 receptors have been suggested to form heterodimers and oligomers. Aimed at studying these complexes, a series of bivalent CB1 and OX1 ligands combining SR141716 and ACT-078573 pharmacophores were designed, synthesized, and tested for activity against CB1 and OX1 individually and in cell lines that coexpress both receptors. Compound 20 showed a robust enhancement in potency at both receptors when coexpressed as compared to individually expressed, suggesting possible interaction with CB1-OX1 dimers. Bivalent ligands targeting CB1-OX1 receptor dimers could be potentially useful as a tool for further exploring the roles of such heterodimers in vitro and in vivo.
- Perrey, David A.,Gilmour, Brian P.,Thomas, Brian F.,Zhang, Yanan
-
p. 634 - 638
(2014/07/07)
-
- Efficient and Practical Syntheses of Enantiomerically Pure (S)-(-)-Norcryptostyline I, (S)-(-)-Norcryptostyline II, (R)-(+)-Salsolidine and (S)-(-)-Norlaudanosine via a Resolution-Racemization Method
-
Four racemic tetrahydroisoquinolines (RS)-(±)-1-4 were prepared from homoveratrylamine via amidation, Bischler-Napieralski reaction and the subsequent reduction. The enantiomerically pure tetrahydroisoquinolines (S)- (-)-norcryptostyline I [(S)-(-)-1], (S)-(-)-norcryptostyline II [(S)-(-)-2], (R)-(+)-salsolidine [(R)-(+)-3] and (S)-(-)-norlaudanosine [(S)-(-)-4] were then obtained in 45%, 40%, 41% and 38% yields, respectively, via resolution of the racemic compounds (RS)-(±)-1-4 with half equivalent of chiral acids. In addition, the enantiomerically enriched compounds (R)-(+)-1, (R)-(+)-2, (S)-(-)-3 and (R)-(+)-4 from the mother liquors were efficiently racemized via a one-pot redox method in almost quantitative yields.
- Zhu, Ruiheng,Xu, Zhangli,Ding, Wei,Liu, Shiling,Shi, Xiaoxin,Lu, Xia
-
p. 1039 - 1048
(2016/02/18)
-
- Synthesis of 1-substituted tetrahydroisoquinolines by lithiation and electrophilic quenching guided by in situ IR and NMR spectroscopy and application to the synthesis of salsolidine, carnegine and laudanosine
-
The lithiation of N-tert-butoxycarbonyl (N-Boc)-1,2,3,4- tetrahydroisoquinoline was optimized by in situ IR (ReactIR) spectroscopy. Optimum conditions were found by using n-butyllithium in THF at -50 °C for less than 5 min. The intermediate organolithium was quenched with electrophiles to give 1-substituted 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolines. Monitoring the lithiation by IR or NMR spectroscopy showed that one rotamer reacts quickly and the barrier to rotation of the Boc group was determined by variable-temperature NMR spectroscopy and found to be about 60.8 kJ mol-1, equating to a half-life for rotation of approximately 30 s at -50 °C. The use of (-)-sparteine as a ligand led to low levels of enantioselectivity after electrophilic quenching and the "poor man's Hoffmann test" indicated that the organolithium was configurationally unstable. The chemistry was applied to N-Boc-6,7-dimethoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline and led to the efficient synthesis of the racemic alkaloids salsolidine, carnegine, norlaudanosine and laudanosine. Copyright
- Li, Xiabing,Leonori, Daniele,Sheikh, Nadeem S.,Coldham, Iain
-
supporting information
p. 7724 - 7730
(2013/07/19)
-
- Synthesis of 8-oxoberbines and related benzolactams by Pd(OAc) 2-catalyzed direct aromatic carbonylation
-
A variety of alkoxy-substituted benzolactams with a berbine or yohimbane skeleton were prepared from 1-benzyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolines or 1-benzyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-β-carbolines by a phosphine-free Pd(II)-catalyzed direct aromatic carbonylation in a Pd(OAc)2-Cu(OAc) 2 catalytic system. The site selectivity was compared with that of the carbonylation with Pd(OAc)2 or Pd(OAc)2·2 PPh3, respectively.
- Miyazawa, Mamoru,Tokuhashi, Takashi,Horibata, Akiyoshi,Nakamura, Takatoshi,Onozaki, Yu,Kurono, Nobuhito,Senboku, Hisanori,Tokuda, Masao,Ohkuma, Takeshi,Orito, Kazuhiko
-
-
- An approach to the synthesis of tetrahydroisoquinoline alkaloids by alkene hydroamination: Synthesis of coralydine
-
The protoberberine alkaloid coralydine was synthesized in a short sequence by a strategy including an intramolecular alkene hydroamination as the key step, followed by a Pictet-Spengler cyclization. Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart · New York.
- Pouilhès, Annie,Baltaze, Jean-Pierre,Kouklovsky, Cyrille
-
p. 1805 - 1808
(2013/09/12)
-
- Synthesis and biological evaluation of a series of 6,7-dimethoxy-1-(3,4- dimethoxybenzyl)-2-substituted tetrahydroisoquinoline derivatives
-
Multidrug resistance in cancer is a major cause of failure in cancer chemotherapy. In search of new compounds with strong reversal activity and simple molecular structure, we have synthesized a series of compounds in which different substituents were linked to the 2-position of the 6,7-dimethoxy-1-(3, 4-dimethoxybenzyl)-tetrahydroisoquinoline system. Compounds were analyzed for their cytotoxicity by MTT in K562 cell line in vitro, all of the derivatives exhibited little cytotoxic activity. In the meantime, these compounds were evaluated by MTT in K562/A02 cell line in vitro, 6e, 6h and 7c exhibited similar or more potent activities than verapamil with the IC50 values at 0.66, 0.65 and 0.96μM, and with the ratio factor of 24.13, 24.50 and 16.59, respectively.
- Zou, Zhi-Hong,Lan, Xiao-Bu,Tang, Chun-Lei,Zhu, Xiao-Yun,Liu, Bao-Min,Qian, Hai,Huang, Wen-Long,Li, Yun-Man
-
p. 711 - 716
(2012/09/22)
-
- Synthesis and evaluation of furoxan-based nitric oxide-releasing derivatives of tetrahydroisoquinoline as anticancer and multidrug resistance reversal agents
-
Multidrug resistance in tumor cells poses a major obstacle to efficient chemotherapy. Several types of agents have been recognized as multidrug resistance inhibitors, among which the tetrahydroisoquinolines is the most studied. In current study 16 furoxan-based nitric oxide-releasing derivatives of tetrahydroisoquinoline were synthesized. Their cytotoxic activities and effects in reversing multidrug resistance have been evaluated. The results revealed that these compounds had moderate cytotoxic effects. Compounds 7a-f, 7h, and 7l showed higher cytotoxicities than the rest, but lower than adriamycin on K562 cell line. Compounds 7d, 7f, and 7l exhibited potent MDR reversal activities on K562/A02 cell line. The accumulation assay indicated that compounds 7d, 7f, and 7l significantly increased the intracellular accumulation of rhodamine123 in K562/A02 cells. Furthermore, these three compounds produced high concentrations of NO in K562/A02 cells. Potentially, the high concentrations of NO produced by NO donor moieties will lead to an increased cytotoxicity to K562/A02 cells. Our results suggested that compounds 7d, 7f, and 7l had anticancer effects, as well as multidrug resistance reversal effects.
- Zou, Zhi-Hong,Lan, Xiao-Bu,Qian, Hai,Huang, Wen-Long,Li, Yun-Man
-
p. 5934 - 5938
(2011/10/09)
-
- PROCESS FOR THE RESOLUTION OF ISOQUINOLINE DERIVATIVES
-
A process for the resolution of racemic tetrahydropapaverine with optically active arylpropionic acids is described.
- -
-
Page/Page column 5
(2010/12/29)
-
- CORYDALINE DERIVATIVES USEFUL FOR REDUCING LIPID LEVELS
-
The present technology relates to compounds of Formulas (V) and (VI) and methods of making and using such compounds. Methods of use include prevention and treatment of hyperlipidemia, hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, hepatic steatosis, and metabolic syndrome. Compounds disclosed herein also lower total cholesterol, LDL- cholesterol, and triglycerides and increase hepatic LDL receptor expression, inhibit PCSK9 expression, and activate AMP-activated potein kinase.
- -
-
Page/Page column 89
(2010/07/09)
-
- PROCESS FOR THE RESOLUTION OF ISOQUINOLINE DERIVATIVES
-
A process for the resolution of racemic tetrahydropapaverine with optically active arylpropionic acids is described.
- -
-
Page/Page column 8-9
(2009/10/21)
-
- COMPOUNDS, COMPOSITIONS AND METHODS FOR REDUCING LIPID LEVELS
-
Compositions comprising extracts or isolated or purified compounds from plants of the genus Corydalis provide prevention and treatment of hyperlipidemia, hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, hepatic steatosis, and metabolic syndrome. Corydalis compounds and their derivatives of natural and synthetic origins lower total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, and triglycerides and increase hepatic LDL receptor expression and activate AMP-activated protein kinase. Specific stereoisomers of Corydalis compounds with lipid lowering activity include 14R-(+)-corypalmine, 14R,13S-(+)-corydaline, 14R-(+)-tetrahydropalmatin, (+)-corlumidin, d-(+)-bicuculline, and (+)-egenine.
- -
-
Page/Page column 38
(2009/03/07)
-
- Design and synthesis of tetrahydroisoquinoline derivatives as potential multidrug resistance reversal agents in cancer
-
Exploration for new MDR-modulator utilizing tetrahydroisoquinoline as scaffold disclosed 6,7-dimethoxy-1-(3,4-dimethoxy)benzyl-2-(N-n-octyl-N′-cyano)guanyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline (7) as a readily accessible medicinal lead. Compound 7 possessed potent MDR reversal activity in the range of the reference compound verapamil, and had not cardiovascular activity compared to verapamil. Crown Copyright
- Li, Yu,Zhang, Hui-bin,Huang, Wen-long,Li, Yun-man
-
scheme or table
p. 3652 - 3655
(2009/04/10)
-
- Synthesis and antispasmodic activity evaluation of bis-(papaverine) analogues
-
A new series of N-substituted bis-(tetrahydropapaverine) ring systems have been synthesised in expectation of better antispasmodic activity in comparison with papaverine. The synthesis of the targeted heterocycles is described along with a discussion of their structure activity relationship. The general synthetic methods of bis-(tetrahydropapaverine) analogues involve tetrahydropapaverine, various piperazines, diisocyanates and diisothiocyanates as starting materials. Pharmacological evaluation involves the in vitro antispasmodic activity on a freshly removed guinea pig ileum using a force displacement transducer amplifier connected to a physiograph. Among the analogues synthesized in the present study, N,N′-bis-[2-carbamoyl-1-(3,4- dimethoxybenzyl)-6,7-dimethoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolinyl]piperazine (22), was found to be the most potent muscle relaxant (IC50: 0.31 μM).
- Kaur, Jaskiran,Ghosh, Narendra Nath,Chandra, Ramesh
-
p. 316 - 321
(2007/10/03)
-
- Synthesis of (±)-Glaucine and (±)-Neospirodienone via an One-Pot Bischler-Napieralski Reaction and Oxidative Coupling by a Hypervalent Iodine Reagent
-
Condensation of 3,4-dimethoxybenzeneethanamine (3d) and various benzeneacetic acids, i.e., 4a-e, via a practical and efficient one-pot Bischler-Napieralski reaction, followed by NaBH4 reduction, produced a series of 1-benzyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolines, i.e., 5a-e, in satisfactory yields (Scheme 3). Oxidative coupling of the N-acyl and N-methyl derivatives 6a-e of the latter with hypervalent iodine ([IPh(CF 3COO)2]) yielded products with two different skeletons (Scheme 4). The major products from N-acyl derivatives 6a-c were (±)-N-acylneospirodienones 2a-c, while the minor was the 3,4-dihydroisoquinoline 7. (±)-Glaucine (1), however, was the major product starting from N-methyl derivative 6e. Possible reaction mechanisms for the formation of these two types of skeleton are proposed (Scheme 5).
- Huang, Wei-Jan,Singh, Om V.,Chen, Chung-Hsiung,Lee, Shoei-Sheng
-
p. 167 - 174
(2007/10/03)
-
- A convenient synthesis of 1-benzyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolines by combined Strecker/Bruylants reaction
-
Strecker reaction of iodophenethylamines with phenylacetaldehydes afforded the corresponding α-aminonitriles, which on treatment with i-propyl magnesium chloride underwent a Bruylants reaction to give the title compounds. Their structures were deduced by NMR and by an independent preparation starting from papaverine. The educts were easily available by standard procedures. Springer-Verlag 2004.
- Reimann, Eberhard,Ettmayr, Christian
-
p. 1289 - 1295
(2007/10/03)
-
- Butyltriphenylphosphonium tetraborate (BTPPTB) as a selective reducing agent for the reduction of imines, enamines and oximes and reductive alkylation of aldehydes or ketones with primary amines in methanol or under solid-phase conditions
-
Butyltriphenylphosphonium tetraborate (BTPPTB) 1, generated as white solid from butyltriphenylphosphonium bromide and sodium borohydride, is found to be a selective and versatile reducing agent. The reagent in methanol or under solvent-free conditions is very useful for the reduction of imines, enamines and oximes or reductive amination of aldehydes and ketones. Under solvent-free conditions the reactions are faster and the yields of the products are higher.
- Hajipour,Mohammadpoor-Baltork,Noroallhi
-
p. 152 - 156
(2007/10/03)
-
- Benzytriphenylphosphonium borohydride (BTPPB) as a selective reducing agent for reduction of imines, enamines, and reductive amination of aldehydes with primary and secondry amines in methanol
-
Benzyltriphenyltriphenylphosphonium borohydride (BTPPB) (1) generated as white solid from benzyltriphenylphosphonium chloride and sodium borohydride is found to be a selective and versatile reducing agent. The reagent in methanol is very useful for reduction of imines, enamines and reductive animation of aldehydes.
- Hajipour,Mallakpour,Najafi
-
p. 197 - 203
(2007/10/03)
-
- 1-Benzyl-1-azonia-4-azabicyclo[2.2.2]octane tetrahydroborate (BAAOTB) as a selective reducing agent
-
1-Benzyl-1-azonia-4-azabicyclo[2.2.2]octane tetrahydroborate (BAAOTB) 1 generated as white solid from commercially available DABCO and sodium borohydride is found to be a selective and versatile reducing agent. The reagent in t-butanol is very useful for reduction of imines, enamines, oximes, reductive amination of aldehydes and ketones and reductive methylation of amines.
- Hajipour,Mohammadpoor-Baltork,Rahi
-
p. 239 - 242
(2007/10/03)
-
- A new regioselective synthesis of isopavine and pavine alkaloids via double cyclization of N-(1,2-diarylethyl)-N-(2-phenylsulfinylethyl)formamide
-
Pummerer reaction of N-[1,2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)ethyl]-N-(2-phenylsulfinylethyl)formamide (9) using trifluoroacetic anhydride and boron trifluoride etherate caused double cyclization to give N-formylisopavine (21). Acid catalyzed cyclization of the 1,2-dihydroisoquinoline (23) prepared from 4-phenylthio-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline (11) gave N-formylpavine (26). LiAlH4 reduction of the N-formates (21 and 26) gave (±)-O-methylthalisopavine (4) and (±)-argemonine (5), respectively.
- Shinohara, Tatsumi,Takeda, Akira,Toda, Jun,Sano, Takehiro
-
p. 981 - 992
(2007/10/03)
-
- Illicit Heroin Manufacturing Byproducts: Copillary Gas Chromatographic Determination and Structural Elucidation of Narcotine- and Norlaudanosine-Related Compounds
-
Capillary gas chromatographic methodology is described for detection of trace quantities of narcotine- and norlaudanosine-related manufacturing impurities in illicit heroin.N-Acetylnornarcotine (2), N-acetylanhydronornarceine (3a,b), 1-acetoxy-N-acetylanhydro-1,9-dihydronornarceine (4a,b),and (E)-3-acrylic acid(5) result from the reaction of narcotine (1) with acetic anhydride.The treatment of norlaudanosine (11a) with acetic anhydride yields N-acetylnorlaudanosine (9).After isolation from thebulk heroin matrix, these impurities, along with morphine, codeine, and thebaine byproducts, are detected by using both fused silica and glass capillary columns in the split mode with flame ionization detection.The syntheses and spectral characterization of these impurities are described.
- Allen, Andrew C.,Cooper, Donald A.,Moore , James M.,Gloger, Manfred,Neumann, Helmut
-
p. 2940 - 2947
(2007/10/02)
-