13760-83-3Relevant articles and documents
Phase transformations and thermal properties of erbium trifluoride at high temperatures
Khairulin,Stankus,Lyapunov
, p. 1289 - 1292 (2000)
The density of ErF3 was measured with a gamma densimeter at temperatures from below the α-β phase transition to above the melting point. The density and volume expansivity of liquid ErF3 just above the melting point were found to be 6092 ±30 kg/m3 and (15.1 ± 0.5) x 10-5 K-1. The relative changes in density accompanying the melting and polymorphic transformation of ErF3 are 0.7±0.1 and 16.9± 1.3%, respectively. The results, together with earlier data, were used to reveal general trends in the variation of thermal properties across the ErF3 to LuF3 series.
Blue and green upconversion in Er3+-doped fluoroindate glasses
Reiche,Nunes,Carvalho,Messaddeq,Aagerter
, p. 773 - 777 (1993)
The upconversion properties of Er3+ in fluoroindate bulk glasses (composition: 40InF3-20ZnF2-16BaF2-(20-x) SrF2-2GaF3-2NaF-xErF3 with x=1, 2, 3, and 4 mole %) are investigated, following 4F9/2 excitation with a red krypton laser. A strong green and a weaker blue luminescence is observed at room temperature corresponding to emissions from the thermally coupled 4S3/2 and 2H11/2 bands and the 2H9/2 level respectively. Resonant energy transfer processes involving two excited erbium ions and a two-step absorption process are proposed to explain the upconversion phenomena. The emission intensities depend on the excitation power as Pexcn with 1.5 ≤n≤1.7 for the green and 1.6 ≤n≤1.9 for the blue emission. The decay times and the relative intensities of the luminescences are also studied as a function of Er3+ concentration.
Magnetic properties of ErxY1-xF3 solid solutions
Blanusa, Jovan,Mitric, Miodrag,Kusigerski, Vladan,Spasojevic, Vojislav,Jagli?i?, Zvonko,Pirnat, Janez,Trontelj, Zvonko
, p. 157 - 161 (2005)
The ErxY1-x F3 (x=0.1, 0.2, 0.7, 0.9, 1) solid solutions were synthesized and characterized by X-ray powder diffraction and magnetic measurements. The crystal structure refinements done by the Rietveld profile method show that no significant change of the structure parameters with the erbium concentration occurs. On the basis of DC susceptibility measurements in the 2-300 K range the lowest four crystal field levels have been determined, giving the ground level magnetic moment value of 6.7 μB. Results of M(H) studies point to the presence of complex exchange interactions between erbium ions.
Lanthanide pentafluorophenolates. Synthesis, structure and luminescent properties
Maleev, Alexander A.,Fagin, Anatoly A.,Ilichev, Vasily A.,Lopatin, Mikhail A.,Konev, Alexey N.,Samsonov, Maksim A.,Fukin, Georgy K.,Bochkarev, Mikhail N.
, p. 126 - 132 (2013/11/19)
The pentafluorophenolates of lanthanides Ln(OC6F 5)3 (Ln = Nd (1), Tb (2), Er (3)) were prepared by the reactions of pentafluorophenol with appropriate silylamides Ln[N(SiMe 3)2]3 in benzene or toluene solution. The same reactions in ether or methanol medium afforded the solvated complexes Ln(OC 6F5)3(Et2O)3 (Ln = Nd (4), Eu (5), Tb (6), Er (7), Gd (8)) or Nd(OC6F5) 3(MeOH)3 (9), respectively. The phenanthroline complexes Ln(C6F5O)3(phen) (Ln = Pr (10), Nd (11), Er (12)), Ln(OC6F5)3(phen)2 (Ln = Sm (13), Tb (14), Ho (15), Ln(OC6F5)3(phen) 2(Et2O) (Ln = Eu (16), Yb (17)), and Ln(OC 6F5)3(phen)(Et2O)3 (Ln = Eu (18), Nd (19), Ce (20), Dy (21)), Ln(OC6F5) 3(phen)2(H2O) (Ln = Sm (22), Ho (23)), and Gd(OC6F5)3(phen)2(MeOH) (24) were obtained when the reactions were carried out in the presence of 1,10-phenanthroline. The complexes with pyridine Tb(OC6F 5)3(py)5 (25) and 2,2′-bipyridyl Ln(OC6F5)3(bpy)2 (Ln = Tb (26), Yb (27)) were synthesized similarly. Compounds 7, 22, 23, and 24 were characterized by X-ray analysis. The complexes Ln(OC6F5)3 decompose above 150 C in vacuum to give lanthanide fluorides and octofluorodibenzo-p-dioxine. Phenanthroline derivatives are stable up to 310 C. Luminescence spectra of all the obtained complexes in visible region contain a broad band of ligand-centered emission peaked at 405-415 nm. Spectra of samarium 13, europium 5, 16, 18 and terbium 14, 25, 26 derivatives display also the characteristic narrow bands of Sm3+, Eu3+ and Tb 3+ ions.
Infrared spectra and quantum chemical calculations of the bridge-bonded HC(F)LnF2 (Ln = La-Lu) complexes
Gong, Yu,Wang, Xuefeng,Andrews, Lester,Chen, Mingyang,Dixon, David A.
, p. 4443 - 4452 (2011/10/10)
Lanthanide metal atoms, produced by laser ablation, were condensed with CHF3 (CDF3) in excess argon or neon at 4 K, and new infrared absorptions are assigned to the oxidative addition product fluoromethylene lanthanide difluoride complex on the basis of deuterium substitution and density functional theory frequency calculations. Two dominant bands in the 500 cm-1 region are identified as metal-fluorine stretching modes. A band in the mid-600 cm-1 region is diagnostic for the unusual fluorine bridge bond C-(F)-Ln. Our calculations show that most of the bridged HC(F)LnF2 structures are 3-6 kcal/mol lower in energy than the open CHF-LnF2 structures, which is in contrast to the open structures observed for the corresponding CH2-LnF2 methylene lanthanide difluorides. Argon-to-neon matrix shifts are 15-16 cm -1 to the blue for stretching of the almost purely ionic Ln-F bonds, as expected, but 10 cm-1 to the red for the bridge C-(F)-Ln stretching mode, which arises because Ar binds more strongly to the electropositive Ln center, decreasing the bridge bonding, and thus allowing a higher C-F stretching frequency.
Optically active uniform potassium and lithium rare earth fluoride nanocrystals derived from metal trifluroacetate precursors
Du, Ya-Ping,Zhang, Ya-Wen,Sun, Ling-Dong,Yan, Chun-Hua
, p. 8574 - 8581 (2011/01/06)
This paper reports the first systematical synthesis of near-monodisperse potassium and lithium rare earth (RE) fluoride (K(Li)REF4) nanocrystals with diverse shapes (cubic KLaF4 and KCeF4 wormlike nanowires, nanocubes and
Hydrothermal synthesis of rare-earth fluoride nanocrystals
Wang, Xun,Zhuang, Jing,Peng, Qing,Li, Yadong
, p. 6661 - 6665 (2008/10/09)
In this paper, a hydrothermal synthetic route has been developed to prepare a class of rare-earth fluoride nanocrystals, which have shown gradual changes in growth modes with decreasing ionic radii and may serve as a model system for studying the underlying principle in the controlled growth of rare-earth nanocrystals. Furthermore, we demonstrate the functionalization of these nanocrystals by means of doping, which have shown visible-to-the-naked-eye green up-conversion emissions and may find application in biological labeling fields.
Thermochemical studies on the lanthanoid complexes of trifluoroacetic acid
Yoshimura,Ohara
, p. 573 - 576 (2008/10/09)
The thermal decomposition of the lanthanoid complexes of trifluoroacetic acid (Ln(CF3COO)3·3H2O; Ln = La-Lu) was studied by TG and DTA methods. The Ln(CF3COO) 3·3H2O complexes decompose in several stages; first dehydrate to the anhydrous state, then followed by decomposition of the anhydrous salt to a stable product of LnF3. From the endothermic and exothermic data of Ln(CF3COO)3·3H2O complexes, pyrolysis behavior of the complexes is classified into three groups: (1) La-Pr salts; (2) Nd-Gd salts; (3) Tb-Lu salts. It has been shown that all the final decomposition products were found to result in the formation of LnF3.
Laser development of rare-earth doped crystals
Vieira Jr.,Ranieri,Tarelho,Wetter,Baldochi,Gomes,De Matos,De Rossi,Nogueira,Courrol,Barbosa,Maldonado,Morato
, p. 231 - 239 (2008/10/08)
Rare earth doped laser crystals present good optical properties providing most of the solid state lasers available today. In particular, some fluoride crystals are capable of forming solid solution with several rare earth fluorides, allowing one to take full advantage of the energy transfer mechanisms that might occur among them. LiREF4 (RE = rare earth) crystals, for example, are so flexible that in some cases the doping concentration can go up to 100%. The Nd:LiLuF4 (Nd:LuLF) system has a 1047-nm emission bandwidth 25% larger than Nd:YLF, which makes it very promising for laser mode-locked operation. Nevertheless, lutetium compounds are very difficult to obtain, therefore Nd-doped mixed crystals grown from LiF-Y1-xLuxF3 (0A new laser medium was obtained for the Nd:LiLu0.5Y0.5F4 crystal, which presents a Nd emission bandwidth close to the Nd:LuLF (1.82 nm). The mode-locked operation in a diode pumped laser system using the KLM technique was performed and pulses of 4.5 ps were readily obtained. It is also shown that the LiGdF4 (GLF) is a promising host for diode pumped high power Nd lasers which require crystals with higher dopant concentrations. Another example is the Ho:LiYF4 (Ho:YLF) laser operating at 2065 nm obtained as a result of concentration optimization of the sensitizers Er and Tm. The optimization was based on a model comprising the various energy transfer mechanisms that take place in these long lived metastable states, heavily dependent on the dopants concentration. As a quasi-four-level system, the Ho concentration must be kept very small (≤0.005 mol%). The laser operation was optimized by the dynamical coupling of pump and laser modes, and by the dopants optical cycle. These optimizations resulted in a CW Ho laser with 2 W output, in a diode pumped system operation.
Trivalent lanthanide compounds with fluorinated thiolate ligands: Ln-F dative interactions vary with Ln and solvent
Melman, Jonathan H.,Rohde, Christa,Emge, Thomas J.,Brennan, John G.
, p. 28 - 33 (2008/10/08)
The fluorinated tris-thiolate compounds Ln(SC6F5)3 can be isolated as THF, pyridine, or DME coordination complexes. In THF, the larger Ce forms dimeric [(THF)3Ce(SC6F5)3]2 (1) with bridging thiolate ligands, while the smaller lanthanides (Ln = Ho (2), Er (3)) form monometallic (THF)3Ln(SC6F5)3 compounds. There is a tendency for fluoride to coordinate to Ln throughout the lanthanide series (Ce-Er). The cerium compound 1 contains a pair of bridging thiolates connecting two eight-coordinate Ce(III) ions. Of the two terminal thiolates, only one exhibits a distinct Ce-F bond. In contrast, the Ho derivative (THF)3Ho(SC6F5)3 is a molecular compound in the solid state, with two monodentate thiolates and one thiolate that again coordinates through both S and F atoms. Incorporation of a stronger Lewis base reduces but does not necessarily eliminate the tendency to form Ln-F bonds. Structural characterization of the eight-coordinate (pyridine)4Sm(SC6F5)3 (4) reveals a single, clearly defined Ln-F interaction, while in (pyridine)4Yb-(SC6F5)3 (5) there are no Yb-F bonds. In the structure of (DME)2Er(SC6F5)3 (6) the DME ligands completely displace F from the Er coordination sphere.
