7446-70-0Relevant articles and documents
Metal-Urea Complex - A Precursor to Metal Nitrides
Qiu, Yu,Gao, Lian
, p. 352 - 357 (2004)
A novel and general route to synthesize various metal nitrides (AlN, CrN, and ζ-Fe2N) from metal-urea complexes is presented. These complexes, especially metal-urea chloride, have proved to be useful precursors to metal nitrides, because urea molecules construct a coordination sphere around the metal atom and form a stable structure, compared with the air-sensitive halide. Different anions in the second coordination sphere determine the reaction mechanism. The transformation from metal-urea chloride to nitride is thought to follow a nucleation-growth mechanism, while that from metal-urea nitrate is thought to follow a nitridation mechanism. We anticipate that this metal-urea complex will find applications in the fabrication of other, more complex, nitrides.
Equilibrium and structure of the Al(III)-ethylenediamine-N,N′-bis(3- hydroxy-2-propionate) (EDBHP) complex. A multi-method study by potentiometry, NMR, ESI MS and X-ray diffraction
Joszai, Robert,Kerekes, Imola,Satoshi, Igarashi,Sawada, Kiyoshi,Zekany, Laszlo,Toth, Imre
, p. 3221 - 3227 (2006)
The equilibrium and structure of the complex formed by Al(iii) and ethylenediamine-N,N′-bis(3-hydroxy-2-propionate) (EDBHP2-) have been studied using pH-potentiometry, 1H and 27Al NMR, ESI MS and single crystal X-ray diffraction methods. The EDBHP ligand is a strong Al-binder in aqueous solution for pH between 4 and 8 and for cAl = cEDBHP ≥ 0.1 mmol dm-3. The dominating complex identified by ESI MS and potentiometry is a neutral dimer, Al2L 2(OH)2, with logβ22-2 = 14.16 ± 0.03. In the solid Al2(EDBHP)2(OH)2· 2H2O the Al(iii) ions are connected through a double hydroxo bridge. Both four-dentate organic ligands are coordinated terminally through two carboxylate groups and two N-donors forming three five-membered chelate rings. The hydroxyl groups of the ligand EDBHP remain protonated and are not coordinated to the aluminium ions. The structure and composition of the dimer are very likely the same in solution and the solid state. The Royal Society of Chemistry 2006.
ETHYL-SUBSTITUTED (η5-CYCLOPENTADIENYL)-BIS(DIHALOALANEDI-μ-HALO)TITANIUM(III) AND (η6-BENZENE)BIS(DIHALOALANEDI-μ-HALO)TITANIUM(II) CHLORO AND BROMO COMPLEXES
Mach, Karel,Antropiusova, Helena,Polacek, Jindrich
, p. 285 - 296 (1980)
Ethyl-substituted trinuclear complexes CpTiAl2Cl8-xEtx (x=1-4) were prepared by the reaction of CpTiCl3 with two equivalents of ethylaluminium compounds.The complexes were characterized by the half-width of their EPR single-line spectra, which decreased f
Behavior of UO2 in a room-temperature ionic liquid in the presence of AlCl3
Smolenskii,Bove,Borodina,Bychkov,Osipenko
, p. 583 - 586 (2004)
A study was made of interaction between AlCl3 and room-temperature ionic liquid (RTIL) [C8H15N 2][N(SO2CF3)2], or BuEtIm-Tf 2N, and of anodic dissolution in RTIL of UO2 and of a simulated oxide fuel at 297-302 K, depending on the AlCl3 concentration. It was shown that anodic dissolution of UO2 pellets and a UO2-Al mixture in RTIL yields soluble uranium species. Potentiostatic electrolysis of the resulting solutions can yield uranium compounds at the cathode, though with low current efficiencies. The role of AlCl3 in these processes was suggested. A heterophase reaction between UO2 and AlCl3 was studied, depending on the content of AlCl3 in solution. It was found that the exchange reaction products, soluble uranium species, are accumulated in solution only at the molar ratio AlCl3/Tf2N > 1.
Radiochemical Investigation of Thulium Chloride-Aluminium Chloride and Gadolinium Chloride-Aluminium Chloride Vapor Complexes
Steidl, G.,Baechmann, K.,Dienstbach, F.
, p. 5010 - 5015 (1983)
The vapour pressures of complex species of the systems GdCl3/AlCl3 and TmCl3/AlCl3 were investigated by radiochemical analysis.The composition as well as the enthalpies and entropies of formation of the complexes were calculated.
Use of 1,4-bis(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-1-oxyl-4-piperidyl)butane as a probe for studying acid sites
Fionov,Sadykov
, p. 174 - 177 (2007)
ESR spectroscopy was applied to study paramagnetic complexes of the nitroxyl biradical of 1,4-bis(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-1-oxyl-4-piperidyl)butane formed with AlCl3 in a toluene solution and resulted from the interaction with the acid sites on the SiO2 and γ-Al 2O3 surface. This biradical in solution forms a complex with two AlCl3 molecules, and a complex with two hydroxyl groups is formed on the SiO2 surface. When the biradical is adsorbed on the γ-Al2O3 surface, complex formation is complicated because of steric hindrance preventing bidentate coordination. Springer Science+Business Media, Inc. 2007.
Speciation in the AlCl3/SO2Cl2 catholyte system
Boyle, Timothy J.,Andrews, Nicholas L.,Alam, Todd M.,Tallant, David R.,Rodriguez, Mark A.,Ingersoll, David
, p. 5934 - 5940 (2005)
The fundamental chemical behavior of the AlCl3/SO 2Cl2 catholyte system was investigated using 27Al NMR spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Three major Al-containing species were found to be present in this catholyte system, where the ratio of each was dependent upon aging time, concentration, and/or storage temperature. The first species was identified as [Cl2Al(μ-Cl)]2 in equilibrium with AlCl3. The second species results from the decomposition of SO2Cl 2 which forms Cl2(g) and SO2(g). The SO 2(g) is readily consumed in the presence of AlCl3 to form the crystallographically characterized species [Cl2Al(μ-O 2SCl)]2 (1). For 1, each Al is tetrahedrally (T d) bound by two terminal Cl and two μ-O ligands whereas, the S is three-coordinated by two μ-O ligands and one terminal Cl. The third molecular species also has Td-coordinated Al metal centers but with increased oxygen coordination. Over time it was noted that a precipitate formed from the catholyte solutions. Raman spectroscopic studies show that this gel or precipitate has a component that was consistent with thionyl chloride. We have proposed a polymerization scheme that accounts for the precipitate formation. Further NMR studies indicate that the precipitate is in equilibrium with the solution.
The standard enthalpies of formation of crystalline aluminium(III) bromide and aluminium(III) iodide
Efimov, M. E.,Kislova, G. N.,Medvedev, V. A.
, p. 1149 - 1156 (1980)
The enthalpies of solution of crystalline AlCl3 and KBr were measured successively in one portion of 3.5 mol dm-3 HCl solution as well as AlBr3 and KCl in another.The measurements were carried out in a 100 cm3 reaction vessel of the isoperibol calorimeter LKB-8700.The standard enthalpy of the resuming reaction: AlCl3(c) + 3 KBr(c) = AlBr3(c) + 3 KCl(c), was found to be ΔH0r(298.15 K) = (63.4 +/- 1.3) kJ mol-1 which leads to ΔH0f(AlBr3, c, 298.15 K) = (-512.6 +/- 1.9) kJ mol-1.The same measurements were carried out for AlCl3 and KI and for AlI3 and KCl.The standard enthalpy of reaction: AlCl3(c) + 3 KI(c) = AlI3(c) + 3 KCl(c), was found to be ΔH0r(298.15 K) = (80.1 +/- 1.4) kJ mol-1 which leads to ΔH0f(AlI3, c, 298.15 K) = (-302.9 +/- 2.0) kJ mol-1.
Phase diagrams of some non-quasi-binary joins of the AlCl 3-BiCl3-NaCl system
Kaloev,Turieva
, p. 312 - 314 (2009)
Phase diagrams of NaAlCl4-(70.0 mol % AlCl3 + 30.0 mol % BziCl3), NaAlCl4-(34.2 mol % AlCl3 + 65.8 mol % BiCl3), and (61.0 mol % AlCl3 + 39.0 mol % NaCl)-AlCl3 ? BiCl
AlN substrates: Fabrication via vapor phase growth and characterization
Melnik,Soukhoveev,Ivantsov,Sizov,Pechnikov,Tsvetkov,Kovalenkov,Dmitriev,Nikolaev,Kuznetsov,Silveira,Freitas Jr.
, p. 22 - 25 (2003)
A new vapor phase crystal growth technique was applied to fabricate single crystal AlN wafers up to 1.75-inch diameter. The wafers were sliced from AlN crystals and polished. Fabricated AlN wafers were investigated by X-ray diffraction, TEM, and cathodoluminescence. X-ray diffraction and TEM studies confirmed single crystal structure of grown material. High electrical resistivity of these AlN wafers was verified. AlN homoepitaxial layers exhibiting sharp near-band-edge emission were grown on fabricated AlN substrates. These results open the door for the commercialization of AlN substrates for advanced high-power mm-wave devices and optoelectronic devices based on Group III-nitride semiconductors.
