- Rational multistep synthesis of a novel polyfunctionalized benzo[d]thiazole and its thiazolo[5,4-b]pyridine analogue
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Reliable synthetic routes were studied for an access to a novel polyfunctionalized 6-amino-2-cyanobenzo[d]thiazole-5-carboxylate ester (1) and its analogue 5-amino-2-cyanothiazolo[5,4-b]pyridine-6-carboxylate ester (2). Both compounds 1 and 2 are functionalized as molecular bricks for the synthesis of innovative molecular systems. Part of the chemistry performed in this study was achieved under microwave irradiation.
- Hédou, Damien,Deau, Emmanuel,Harari, Marine,Sanselme, Morgane,Fruit, Corinne,Besson, Thierry
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Read Online
- Rational Development of Remote C?H Functionalization of Biphenyl: Experimental and Computational Studies
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A simple and efficient nitrile-directed meta-C?H olefination, acetoxylation, and iodination of biaryl compounds is reported. Compared to the previous approach of installing a complex U-shaped template to achieve a molecular U-turn and assemble the large-sized cyclophane transition state for the remote C?H activation, a synthetically useful phenyl nitrile functional group could also direct remote meta-C?H activation. This reaction provides a useful method for the modification of biaryl compounds because the nitrile group can be readily converted to amines, acids, amides, or other heterocycles. Notably, the remote meta-selectivity of biphenylnitriles could not be expected from previous results with a macrocyclophane nitrile template. DFT computational studies show that a ligand-containing Pd–Ag heterodimeric transition state (TS) favors the desired remote meta-selectivity. Control experiments demonstrate the directing effect of the nitrile group and exclude the possibility of non-directed meta-C?H activation. Substituted 2-pyridone ligands were found to be key in assisting the cleavage of the meta-C?H bond in the concerted metalation–deprotonation (CMD) process.
- Bay, Katherine L.,Chen, Xiangyang,Fan, Zhoulong,Houk, K. N.,Park, Han Seul,Yeung, Kap-Sun,Yu, Jin-Quan,Zhuang, Zhe
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Read Online
- Preparation and chemical behavior of 2-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino-3- bromomethyl pyridine, a novel alkylating agent
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Synthesis of a novel heterocyclic alkylating agent has been developed. Its instability toward elevated temperatures and/or polar media can be used to prepare 8-aza-1,4-dihydrobenzo[1,3-d]oxazin-2-one. Copyright Taylor & Francis LLC.
- Krasavin, Mikhail,Shkavrov, Sergey,Kravchenko, Dmitry
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Read Online
- 3-Substituted 2-isocyanopyridines as versatile convertible isocyanides for peptidomimetic design
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We report the use of 3-substituted 2-isocyanopyridines as convertible isocyanides in Ugi four-component reactions. TheN-(3-substituted pyridin-2-yl)amide Ugi products can be cleaved by amines, alcohols, and water with Zn(OAc)2as a catalyst. In addition, the applicability of the method was demonstrated in constrained di-/tripeptides bearing acid and base sensitive protective groups obtainedviaUgi-4CR post-condensation modifications.
- Ballet, Steven,Elsocht, Mathias,Hollanders, Charlie,Jida, Mouhamad,Maes, Bert U. W.,Renders, Evelien,Van der Poorten, Olivier
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supporting information
p. 6863 - 6866
(2021/07/19)
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- SUBSTITUTED INDOLE COMPOUNDS
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Disclosed are compounds of Formula (I) or salts thereof, wherein Ring Het, R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, m, n, and p are defined herein. Also disclosed are methods of using such compounds as inhibitors of signaling through Toll-like receptor 7, or 8, or 9, and pharmaceutical compositions comprising such compounds. These compounds are useful in treating inflammatory and autoimmune diseases.
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Page/Page column 190
(2019/06/09)
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- Ruthenium-Catalyzed Reductive Arylation of N-(2-Pyridinyl)amides with Isopropanol and Arylboronate Esters
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A new three-component reductive arylation of amides with stable reactants (iPrOH and arylboronate esters), making use of a 2-pyridinyl (Py) directing group, is described. The N-Py-amide substrates are readily prepared from carboxylic acids and PyNH2, and the resulting N-Py-1-arylalkanamine reaction products are easily transformed into the corresponding chlorides by substitution of the HN-Py group with HCl. The 1-aryl-1-chloroalkane products allow substitution and cross-coupling reactions. Therefore, a general protocol for the transformation of carboxylic acids into a variety of functionalities is obtained. The Py-NH2 by-product can be recycled.
- Ronson, Thomas O.,Renders, Evelien,Van Steijvoort, Ben F.,Wang, Xubin,Wybon, Clarence C. D.,Prokopcová, Hana,Meerpoel, Lieven,Maes, Bert U. W.
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supporting information
p. 482 - 487
(2019/01/04)
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- Discovering a new class of antifungal agents that selectively inhibits microbial carbonic anhydrases
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Infections caused by pathogens resistant to the available antimicrobial treatments represent nowadays a threat to global public health. Recently, it has been demonstrated that carbonic anhydrases (CAs) are essential for the growth of many pathogens and their inhibition leads to growth defects. Principal drawbacks in using CA inhibitors (CAIs) as antimicrobial agents are the side effects due to the lack of selectivity toward human CA isoforms. Herein we report a new class of CAIs, which preferentially interacts with microbial CA active sites over the human ones. The mechanism of action of these inhibitors was investigated against an important fungal pathogen, Cryptococcus neoformans, revealing that they are also able to inhibit CA in microbial cells growing in vitro. At our best knowledge, this is the first report on newly designed synthetic compounds selectively targeting β-CAs and provides a proof of concept of microbial CAs suitability as an antimicrobial drug target.
- Annunziato, Giannamaria,Giovati, Laura,Angeli, Andrea,Pavone, Marialaura,Del Prete, Sonia,Pieroni, Marco,Capasso, Clemente,Bruno, Agostino,Conti, Stefania,Magliani, Walter,Supuran, Claudiu T.,Costantino, Gabriele
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p. 1537 - 1544
(2018/10/15)
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- PROCESS FOR THE CATALYTIC DIRECTED CLEAVAGE OF AMIDE-CONTAINING COMPOUNDS
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The present invention relates to a catalytic method for the conversion of amide-containing compouds by means of a build-in directing group and upon the action of a heteronucleophilic compound (in se an amine (RNH2 or RNHR') or an alcohol (ROH) or a thiol (RSH)) in the presence of a metal catalyst to respectively esters, thioesters, carbonates, thiocarbonates and to what is defined as amide-containing compounds (such as carboxamides, urea, carbamates, thiocarbamates). The present invention also relates to these amide-containing compounds having a build-in directing group (DG), as well as the use of such directing groups in the catalytic directed cleavage of N-DG amides with the use of heteronucleophiles (in se an amine (RNH2 or RNHR') or an alcohol (ROH) or thiol (RSH)).
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Page/Page column 51; 53
(2017/04/11)
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- Azaindole synthesis through dual activation catalysis with N-heterocyclic carbenes
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A convergent, transition-metal-free synthesis of 2-aryl-azaindoles has been developed. The interception of a reactive aza-ortho-azaquinone methide intermediate by an acyl anion equivalent generated through carbene catalysis provides high yields, a wide substrate scope, and the synthesis of previously inaccessible azaindoles.
- Sharma, Hayden A.,Todd Hovey,Scheidt, Karl A.
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supporting information
p. 9283 - 9286
(2016/07/25)
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- HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS USEFUL AS PDK1 INHIBITORS
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The present invention provides compounds useful as inhibitors of PDK1. The present invention also provides compositions thereof, and methods of treating PDK1-mediated diseases.
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Page/Page column 86; 87
(2016/10/08)
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- 2-Aminonicotinic acid 1-oxides are chemically stable inhibitors of quinolinic acid synthesis in the mammalian brain: A step toward new antiexcitotoxic agents
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3-Hydroxyanthranilic acid 3,4-dioxygenase (3-HAO) is the enzyme responsible for the production of the neurotoxic tryptophan metabolite quinolinic acid (QUIN). Elevated brain levels of QUIN are observed in several neurodegenerative diseases, but pharmacological investigation on its role in the pathogenesis of these conditions is difficult because only one class of substrate-analogue 3-HAO inhibitors, with poor chemical stability, has been reported so far. Here we describe the design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of a novel class of chemically stable inhibitors based on the 2-aminonicotinic acid 1-oxide nucleus. After the preliminary in vitro evaluation of newly synthesized compounds using brain tissue homogenate, we selected the most active inhibitor and showed its ability to acutely reduce the production of QUIN in the rat brain in vivo. These findings provide a novel pharmacological tool for the study of the mechanisms underlying the onset and propagation of neurodegenerative diseases.
- Vallerini, Gian Paolo,Amori, Laura,Beato, Claudia,Tararina, Margarita,Wang, Xiao-Dan,Schwarcz, Robert,Costantino, Gabriele
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p. 9482 - 9495
(2014/01/06)
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- DERIVATIVES OF NICOTINIC ACID N-OXIDE, THEIR PREPARATION AND THEIR USE AS INHIBITORS OF ENZYME 3-HYDROXYANTHRANILATE-3, 4-DIOXYGENASE
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A derivative of nicotinic acid N-oxide is described having formula (I): that acts as inhibitor of enzyme 3-hydroxyanthranilate-3,4-dioxygenase (3HAO), and is thus able to reduce QUIN biosynthesis in vivo under excitotoxic or pathological conditions, said compound being at the same time also chemically stable towards auto-oxidation.
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Paragraph 0040
(2013/11/06)
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- Rational design, synthesis and anti-proliferative properties of new CB2 selective cannabinoid receptor ligands: An investigation of the 1,8-naphthyridin-2(1H)-one scaffold
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CB2 receptor ligands are becoming increasingly attractive drugs due to the potential role of this receptor in several physiopathological processes. Using our previously described series of 1,8-naphthyridin-2(1H)-on-3-carboxamides as a lead class, several nitrogen heterocyclic derivatives, characterized by different central cores, were synthesized and tested for their affinity toward the human CB1 and CB2 cannabinoid receptors. The obtained results suggest that the new series of quinolin-2(1H)-on-3-carboxamides, 4-hydroxy-2-oxo-1,2-dihydro- 1,8-naphthyridine-3-carboxamides and 1,2-dihydro-2-oxopyridine-3-carboxamides represent novel scaffolds very suitable for the development of promising CB2 ligands. Furthermore, the newly synthesized CB2 ligands inhibit proliferation of several cancer cell lines. In particular, it was demonstrated that in DU-145 cell line these ligands exert a CB2-mediated anti-proliferative action and decrease the CB2 receptor expression levels.
- Manera, Clementina,Saccomanni, Giuseppe,Malfitano, Anna Maria,Bertini, Simone,Castelli, Francesca,Laezza, Chiara,Ligresti, Alessia,Lucchesi, Valentina,Tuccinardi, Tiziano,Rizzolio, Flavio,Bifulco, Maurizio,Di Marzo, Vincenzo,Giordano, Antonio,MacChia, Marco,Martinelli, Adriano
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experimental part
p. 284 - 294
(2012/08/08)
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- DERIVATIVES OF NICOTINIC ACID N-OXIDE, THEIR PREPARATION AND THEIR USE AS INHIBITORS OF ENZYME 3-HYDROXYANTHRANILATE-3,4-DIOXYGENASE
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A derivative of nicotinic acid N-oxide is described having formula (I): that acts as inhibitor of enzyme 3-hydroxyanthranilate-3,4-dioxygenase (3HAO), and is thus able to reduce QUIN biosynthesis in vivo under excitotoxic or pathological conditions, said compound being at the same time also chemically stable towards auto-oxidation.
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(2012/08/07)
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- Small Molecule Inhibitors of Toll-Like Receptor 9
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Small molecule compounds and compositions containing said compounds useful for inhibiting signaling by certain Toll-like receptors (TLRs), particularly TLR9, are provided. The compounds and compositions can be used to inhibit immune responses, including unwanted immune responses in particular. Compounds, compositions, and methods are provided to treat a variety of conditions involving unwanted immune responses, including for example autoimmune disease, inflammation, transplant rejection, and sepsis.
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Page/Page column 61
(2010/07/04)
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- HERBICIDAL COMPOUNDS
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The present invention relates to a method of controlling plants or inhibiting plant growth which comprises applying to the plants or to the locus thereof a herbicidally effective amount of a compound of formula (I): wherein A1, A2, A3, A4, R3, R4 and R5 are as defined in claim 1; or a salt or N-oxide thereof. Furthermore, the present invention relates to processes for preparing compounds of formula (I), to intermediates used in the preparation of compounds of formula (I), to herbicidal compositions comprising compounds of formula (I) and to certain novel pyridopyridines, pyridodiazines and pyridotriazines.
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(2009/08/16)
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- IMIDAZO[L,2-α]PYRIDINE DERIVATIVES AS MODULATORS OF THE 5-HT2A SEROTONIN RECEPTOR USEFUL FOR THE TREATMENT OF DISORDERS RELATED THERETO
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rmidazo[l,2-α]pyridine derivatives of Formula (Ia) and pharmaceutical compositions thereof that modulate the activity of the 5-HT2A serotonin receptor. Compounds and pharmaceutical compositions thereof are directed to methods useful in the treatment of insomnia, dyssomnia, parasomnia and related sleep disorders, platelet aggregation, coronary artery disease, myocardial infarction, transient ischemic attack, angina, stroke, atrial fibrillation, thrombosis, asthma or symptoms thereof, agitation or symptoms thereof, behavioral disorders, drug induced psychosis, excitative psychosis, Gilles de Ia Tourette's syndrome, manic disorder, organic or NOS psychosis, psychotic disorders, psychosis, acute schizophrenia, chronic schizophrenia, NOS schizophrenia and related disorders, diabetic- related disorders, progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy and the like. The present invention also relates to methods for the treatment of 5-HT2A serotonin receptor mediated disorders in combination with other pharmaceutical agents administered separately or together.
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(2009/04/25)
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- NOVEL ANTIMALARIA AGENT CONTAINING HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUND
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Disclosed is an antimalarial agent containing a compound represented by the formula: [wherein A1 represents a 3-pyridyl group that may have a substituent, a 6-quinolyl group that may have a substituent, or the like; X1 represents a group represented by the formula -C(=O)-NH- or the like; E represents a furyl group, a thienyl group or a phenyl group; with the proviso that A1 may have one to three substituents, and E has one of two substituents] or a salt thereof or hydrates thereof.
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(2008/06/13)
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- NOVEL SUBSTITUTED IMIDAZOLE DERIVATIVES
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The present invention relates to a compound represented by Formula [I] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or ester thereof: wherein: X1, X2, X3, and X4, which may be identical or different, are each C or N, provided that none to two of X1, X2, X3, and X4 is/are N; Y is CH or N; R1, R1', R2, R2', R3, R3', R4, and R4', which may be identical or different, are each a hydrogen atom, a lower alkyl group, or the like; R5 is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group; R6 and R7, which may be identical or different, are each a hydrogen atom, a lower alkyl group, or the like; R8 and R8', which may be identical or different, are each a hydrogen atom, a lower alkyl group, or the like; R9 is an aryl group or a heteroaryl group which may be substituted; and n is an integer from 1 to 3, and a PLK1 inhibitor or an anticancer agent containing the same.
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(2010/11/27)
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- NOVEL ANTIFUNGAL AGENT COMPRISING HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUND
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The present invention provides an antifungal agent represented by the formula: [wherein A1 represents a 3-pyridyl group which may have a substituent, a quinolyl group which may have a substituent, or the like; X1 represents a group represented by the formula -NH-C(=O)-, a group represented by the formula -C(=O)-NH-, or the like; E represents a furyl group, a thienyl group, a pyrrolyl group, a phenyl group, a pyridyl group, a tetrazolyl group, a thiazolyl group or a pyrazolyl group; with the proviso that A1 may have 1 to 3 substituents, and E has one or two substituents].
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(2010/11/08)
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- Pyrrolizidine esters and amides as 5-HT4 receptor agonists and antagonists
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A series of pyrrolizidine esters, amides, and ureas was prepared and tested for 5-HT4 and 5-HT3 receptor binding, 5-HT4 receptor agonism in the rat tunica muscularis mucosae (TMM) assay, and for 5-HT3 receptor-mediated functional antagonism in the Bezold-Jarisch reflex assay. Several pyrrolizidine derivatives were identified with high affinity for the 5-HT4 receptor, including benzamide 12a (SC-53116), a potent and selective 5-HT4 partial agonist that exhibits efficacy in promoting antral contractions and activity in promoting gastric emptying in canine models. Also discovered were 5-HT4 receptor antagonists, including imidazopyridine amide 12h (SC-53606), which is a potent and selective 5-HT4 receptor antagonist with a pA2 value of 8.13 in the rat TMM assay. N-Methyl indole ester 13d was identified as a potent 5-HT 4 antagonist with a pA2 value of 8.93. High selectivity was observed for these pyrrolizidine derivatives versus other monoamine receptors, including 5-HT1, 5-HT2, D1, D 2, α1, α2, and β receptors. 2006 American Chemical Society.
- Becker, Daniel P.,Flynn, Daniel L.,Moormann, Alan E.,Nosal, Roger,Villamil, Clara I.,Loeffler, Richard,Gullikson, Gary W.,Moummi, Chafiq,Yang, Dai-C.
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p. 1125 - 1139
(2007/10/03)
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- Nicotinamide derivatives useful as PDE4 inhibitors
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This invention relates to nicotinamide derivatives of general formula (I): in which R1, R2 and R3 have the meanings defined herein, and to processes for the preparation of, intermediates used in the preparation of, compositions containing and the uses of such derivatives.
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- QUINAZOLINE DERIVATIVES AS MEDICAMENTS
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Quinazoline derivatives have the formula (I) or the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof; wherein each of Z5, Z6, Z7 and Z8 is N or CH and wherein one or two Z5, Z6, Z7 and Z8 are N and wherein two adjacent Z positions cannot be N; wherein m and n are each independently 0-3; wherein R1 is independently OH, SH, NH2, OR, SR, NHR, halo or R-halide; wherein two adjacent R1 groups may be joined to form an aliphatic hetero cycle ring of 5-6 members; wherein R2 is independently R, halo, R-halide, OR-halide, NH2, CONH2 or CONHR; wherein R is optionally substituted C1-C12 alkyl, C1-C12 alkenyl, C1-C12 alkynyl, or aryl C1-C12 alkyl, containing 0-4 heteroatoms in place of a carbon in the carbon backbone, where the optional substituents are =O, =N, or OH; and wherein R3 is H or CH3. Such compounds are useful in pharmaceutical compositions and methods of treating conditions characterized by enhanced TGFβ activity.
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(2008/06/13)
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- N-substituted carbamoyloxyalkyl-azolium derivatives
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N-substituted carbamoyloxyalkyl-azolium derivatives which have antifungal activity and are useful for the treatment of fungal diseases.
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Page/Page column 23-24; 35
(2010/02/09)
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- Cyclic hydrazine derivatives
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Hydrazine derivatives and their pharmaceutically acceptable salts useful for the treatment of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, osteoarthritis, respiratory diseases, tumors, cachexia, cardiovascular disease, fever, hemorrhage, and sepsis.
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- One-pot synthesis of novel (2-Oxo-1,2-dihydropyridin-3-yl)-1,3,5- triazine derivatives from methyl 2-(N- triphenylphosphoranylidene)aminonicotinate, aryl isocyanates and primary amines: Sequential aza-wittig /cycloaddition / ring-transformation reactions
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(2-Oxo-1,2-dihydropyridin-3-yl)-1,3,5-triazine derivatives 10 were obtained unexpectedly, in stead of pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine derivatives, by the intermolecular aza-Wittig reaction of methyl 2-(N- triphenylphosphoranylidene)aminonicotinate 3 with aryl isocyanates followed by attempted heterocylization by use of prim-amines. A novel sequential aza- Wittig / cycloaddition / ring-transformation mechanism for the formation of 10 has been reported based on the isolation and characterization of the key intermediates, pyrido[1,2-a][1,3,5]triazines 15 formed via [4+2] cycloaddition of the initially produced carbodiimide with aryl isocyanates.
- Okawa, Tomohiro,Osakada, Naoto,Eguchi, Shoji,Kakehi, Akikazu
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p. 16061 - 16082
(2007/10/03)
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- The invention of radical reactions. Part XXVIII. A new very photolabile O-acyl thiohydroxamic acid derivative as precursor of carbon radicals
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A new thiohydroxamic acid was synthesized and found to be an excellent generator of carbon radicals via its O-acyl derivatives.
- Barton,Blundell,Jaszberenyi
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p. 7121 - 7130
(2007/10/02)
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