16993-86-5Relevant articles and documents
Unique variations of the distribution coefficients of homologues in the perfluorodecalin-acetonitrile heterophase system
Zenkevich,Kushakova
, p. 337 - 344 (2011)
The properties of the heterophase system perfluorodecalin-acetonitrile differ significantly from those of other combinations of the organic solvents limitedly soluble in each other. While for the most of such combinations the distribution coefficients (K d) of homologues increase in going from the simplest to next members of the series, in the case of perfluorodecalin- acetonitrile they remain almost constant. This provides a possibility to use the values of K d directly for the group identification of analytes, and first of all allows distinguishing isomeric alkenes and cycloalkanes, as well as the isomers of the hydrocarbons with greater formal unsaturation.
Intramolecular insertions into unactivated C(sp3)-H bonds by oxidatively generated β-diketone-α-gold carbenes: Synthesis of cyclopentanones
Wang, Youliang,Zheng, Zhitong,Zhang, Liming
supporting information, p. 5316 - 5319 (2015/05/13)
Generation of reactive α-oxo gold carbene intermediates via gold-catalyzed oxidation of alkynes has become an increasing versatile strategy of replacing hazardous diazo carbonyl compounds with benign and readily available alkynes in the development of efficient synthetic methods. However, one of the hallmarks of metal carbene/carbenoid chemistry, i.e., insertion into an unactivated C(sp3)-H bond, has not be realized. This study reveals for the first time that this highly valuable transformation can be readily realized intramolecularly by oxidatively generated β-diketone-α-gold carbenes using ynones as substrates. Substrate conformation control via the Thorpe-Ingold effect is the key design feature that enables generally good to excellent efficiencies, and synthetically versatile cyclopentanones including spiro-, bridged, and fused bicyclic ones can be readily accessed.
CHLORIERENDE METHYLIERUNG VON ALDEHYD- UND KETOGRUPPEN MIT NIOB-REAGENZIEN SOWIE AUFKLAERUNG DES MECHANISMUS
Kauffmann, Thomas,Abel, Thomas,Neiteler, Gabriele,Schreer, Martin
, p. 503 - 506 (2007/10/02)
The reagents MeNbCl4 and Me2NbCl3, applied as isolated pure compounds, react with ketones in preparatively useful yields according to RR'CO -> RR'C(Cl)CH3.Whereas benzaldehyde reacts with MeNbCl4 analogously, the aliphatic aldehyde heptanal forms beside the expected product two cinechlorination products, indicating a mechanism via radicals.MeNbCl4 is highly aldehyde-vs.-ketone selective.Conversely, high ketone-vs.-aldehyde selectivity is achievable by application of MeNbCl4*PPh3 or NbCl5*PPh3 + 1.5 Me2Zn.
Lewis Acid Mediated Reactions of Organocopper Reagents. A Remarkably Enhanced Regioselective γ-Attack of Allylic Halides and Direct Alkylation of Allylic Alcohols via RCu*BF3 System
Yamamoto, Yoshinori,Yamamoto, Shinichi,Yatagai, Hidetaka,Maruyama, Kazuhiro
, p. 2318 - 2325 (2007/10/02)
Chemical reactivities and selectivities of a new class of organocopper reagent, RCu-Lewis acid, are described.Regioselective γ-attack of allylic halides is realised irrespective of the degree of substitution at the two ends of the allylic systems, and of the structural factors (cyclic or acyclic) involved.Among the Lewis acids examined, BF3*OEt2 is the most effective with respect to the selectivity and total yield.Propargyl chloride and acetate are converted into 1,2-heptadiene by n-BuCu*BF3.Allylic alcohols react with 3 equiv of RCu*BF3 to produce the corresponding alkylation products in high yield.The stereochemistry of the reactions of RCu*BF3 is examined by using Goering's system, that is, 5-methyl-2-cyclohexenyl chloride, acetate, and alcohol.The substitution proceeds through a formal anti SN2' in the case of cis-5-methyl-2-cyclohexenyl acetate and through a formal syn SN2' in trans-5-methyl-2-cyclohexen-1-ol.On the other hand, the stereochemical integrity dissapears in the reaction of the cis-5-methyl-2-cyclohexen-1-ol and the chloride (1).It is proposed that the "ate" complex between RCu and BF3 is involved as a reactive intermediate.