- NOVEL DUAL MODE OF ACTION SOLUBLE GUANYLATE CYCLASE ACTIVATORS AND PHOSPHODIESTERASE INHIBITORS AND USES THEREOF
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The present invention relates to compounds of formula (I), or pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate or hydrate thereof, wherein said compound of formula (I) comprises at least one covalently bound -ONO2 or -ONO moiety and at most four covalently bound -ONO2 or -ONO moieties, and wherein AR, R1, X, R3 and R4 are as defined in claim 1; and pharmaceutical compositions thereof, and their use in methods of treating or preventing a disease alleviated by inhibition of PDE5 in a human or in a non-human mammal.
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Page/Page column 89
(2021/12/28)
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- Preparation method of tadalafil intermediate impurity
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A preparation method of a tadalafil intermediate impurity comprises the following steps: firstly, fully dissolving raw materials in an isomerization solvent, sequentially carrying out a heating reflux reaction and vacuum concentration to obtain a residue I, adding an alkaline solution and an extraction solvent into the residue I, sequentially carrying out room temperature stirring and standing, then taking an organic phase, and carrying out vacuum evaporation to dryness to obtain a residue II; and adding a resolving solvent into the residue II, sequentially carrying out heating reflux reaction, natural stirring crystallization and filtration to obtain filtrate and a filter cake, and finally drying the filter cake to obtain an intermediate impurity, wherein the temperature of natural stirring crystallization is 30-60 DEG C. According to the preparation method, the principle that the intermediates and the reaction byproducts have different solubilities in the resolving solvents at different temperatures is utilized, the intermediates and the reaction byproducts are resolved, the preparation efficiency is high, the cost is low, and the purity of the prepared intermediates is high.
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Paragraph 0029; 0069-0071; 0076-0078; 0083-0085; 0090-0094
(2021/08/07)
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- Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Orally Available First-Generation Dual-Target Selective Inhibitors of Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and Phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE5) for the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease
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Through drug discovery strategies of repurposing and redeveloping existing drugs, a series of novel tadalafil derivatives were rationally designed, synthesized, and evaluated to seek dual-target AChE/PDE5 inhibitors as good candidate drugs for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Among these derivatives, 1p and 1w exhibited excellent selective dual-target AChE/PDE5 inhibitory activities and improved blood-brain barrier (BBB) penetrability. Importantly, 1w·Cit (citrate of 1w) could reverse the cognitive dysfunction of scopolamine-induced AD mice and exhibited an excellent effect on enhancing cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) phosphorylation in vivo, a crucial factor in memory formation and synaptic plasticity. Moreover, the molecular docking simulations of 1w with hAChE and hPDE5A confirmed that our design strategy was rational. In summary, our research provides a potential selective dual-target AChE/PDE5 inhibitor as a good candidate drug for the treatment of AD, and it could also be regarded as a small molecule probe to validate the novel AD therapeutic approach in vivo.
- Mao, Fei,Wang, Huan,Ni, Wei,Zheng, Xinyu,Wang, Manjiong,Bao, Keting,Ling, Dazheng,Li, Xiaokang,Xu, Yixiang,Zhang, Haiyan,Li, Jian
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p. 328 - 345
(2018/03/01)
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- 3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl substituted tetrahydro-beta-carboline piperazine dione derivative and uses thereof
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The present invention relates to a 3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl substituted tetrahydro-beta-carboline piperazine dione derivative and uses thereof, and specifically discloses a compound represented by a formula I, or a stereoisomer thereof, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein each group is defined in the specification. According to the present invention, the compound has dual inhibitory activity on acetylcholinesterase and phosphodiesterase 5, and has good blood-brain barrier permeability, such that the compound can be used for preparing drugs for treatment and/or prevention ofAlzheimer's diseases. The formula I is defined in the specification.
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Paragraph 0105; 0107; 0108; 0109
(2018/09/11)
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- Preparation method of tadalafil
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The invention discloses a preparation method of tadalafil, starting material D-Tryptophan methyl ester hydrochloride is reacted with oxalyl chloride to obtain an intermediate III, and the final product tadalafil (I) is obtained through cyclization, Grignard reaction, asymmetric reduction, substitution and condensation reaction. The use of national control chemical piperonal is avoided, an intermediate VI can be highly-selectively obtained by the asymmetric reduction, and the method has the advantages of simple postprocessing, short synthesis steps and high product total yield, and is suitable for industrialized production.
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Paragraph 0053; 0054
(2017/08/29)
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- Improved synthesis of tadalafil using dimethyl carbonate and ionic liquids
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An improved synthesis of tadalafil, a drug for the treatment of male erectile dysfunction, involves the use of safer solvents and reagents as well as a reduced number of steps.
- Earle, Martyn J.,Noe, Marco,Perosa, Alvise,Seddon, Kenneth R.
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p. 1204 - 1211
(2014/01/06)
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- Highly stereoselective transformation of (1S,3S)-cis-1,3-disubstituted tetrahydro-β-carbolines into (1S,3R)-trans-1,3-disubstituted tetrahydro-β-carbolines: An improved asymmetric synthesis of tadalafil from l-tryptophan
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An efficient and general method for the highly stereoselective transformation of (1S,3S)-cis-1,3-disubstituted 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-β- carbolines (THBCs) into (1S,3R)-trans-1,3-disubstituted THBCs is described. The method contains the following three steps: the enantiomerically pure (1S,3S)-cis-1,3-disubstituted THBCs 1 were first converted into (1S,3S)-cis-1,2,3-trisubstituted THBCs 2 by N-1-naphthylmethylation/benzylation; (1S,3S)-cis-1,2,3-trisubstituted THBCs2 were then converted into (1S,3R)-trans-1,2,3-trisubstituted THBCs 3 in high yields and with high stereoselectivities via a base-catalyzed epimerization at C-3; (1S,3R)-trans-1,2,3-trisubstituted THBCs 3 were subsequently converted into (1S,3R)-trans-1,3-disubstituted THBCs 4 after reductive removal of the 1-naphthylmethyl/benzyl group. In addition, as an application of this method, an improved and highly stereoselective synthesis of the PDE5 inhibitor tadalafil (Cialis) starting from natural and less expensive l-tryptophan was developed.
- Dong, Jing,Meng, Tian-Zhuo,Shi, Xiao-Xin,Zou, Wen-Hui,Lu, Xia
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p. 883 - 893
(2013/09/23)
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- Synthesis and evaluation of human phosphodiesterases (PDE) 5 inhibitor analogs as trypanosomal PDE inhibitors. Part 2. Tadalafil analogs
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In this Letter we describe our ongoing target repurposing efforts focused on discovery of inhibitors of the essential trypanosomal phosphodiesterase TbrPDEB1. This enzyme has been implicated in virulence of Trypanosoma brucei, the causative agent of human African trypanosomiasis (HAT). We outline the synthesis and biological evaluation of analogs of tadalafil, a human PDE5 inhibitor currently utilized for treatment of erectile dysfunction, and report that these analogs are weak inhibitors of TbrPDEB1.
- Ochiana, Stefan O.,Gustafson, Alden,Bland, Nicholas D.,Wang, Cuihua,Russo, Michael J.,Campbell, Robert K.,Pollastri, Michael P.
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scheme or table
p. 2582 - 2584
(2012/05/05)
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- Drug to genome to drug: Discovery of new antiplasmodial compounds
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Figure Presented. The dominant strategy for discovery of new antimalarial drugs relies on cell-free assays on specific biochemical pathways of Plasmodium falciparum. However, it appears that screening directly on the parasite is a more rewarding approach. The drug to genome to drug approach consists of testing a small set of structural analogues of a drug acting on human proteins that have plasmodial orthologues. Both man and plasmodium possess cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases (PDEs) that are key players of cell homeostasis. We synthesized and tested 40 analogues of tadalafil, a human PDE5 inhibitor, on P. falciparum in culture and obtained potent inhibitors of parasite growth. We discuss the structure-activity relationships, which support the hypothesis that our compounds kill the parasite via inhibition of plasmodial PDE activity. We also prove that antiplasmodial derivatives inhibit the hydrolysis of cyclic nucleotides of the parasite, validating the cAMP/cGMP pathways as therapeutic targets against Plasmodium falciparum.
- Beghyn, Terence B.,Charton, Julie,Leroux, Florence,Laconde, Guillaume,Bourin, Arnaud,Cos, Paul,Maes, Louis,Deprez, Benoit
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experimental part
p. 3222 - 3240
(2011/06/27)
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- One-pot pictet-spengler reaction and esterification for the preparation of a key tadalafil synthetic intermediate
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A new method is reported for the preparation of 2,3,4,9-tetrahydro-1H- β-carboline-3-carboxylic acid methyl ester, a key intermediate in the synthesis of Tadalafil which is used for the treatment of male erectile dysfunction, via one-pot esterification and Pictet-Spengler reaction.
- Scarpi, Dina,Occhiato, Ernesto G.,Guarna, Antonio,Borzatta, Valerio
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experimental part
p. 311 - 313
(2011/07/08)
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- Synthesis of tadalafil (Cialis) from l-tryptophan
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The first synthesis of tadalafil 1 (Cialis) from l-tryptophan is described. The title compound 1 was synthesized via seven steps from l-tryptophan methyl ester hydrochloride in 42.3% overall yield. Two characteristic steps involved in this synthesis are t
- Xiao, Sen,Shi, Xiao-Xin,Xing, Jing,Yan, Jing-Jing,Liu, Shi-Ling,Lu, Wei-Dong
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experimental part
p. 2090 - 2096
(2010/03/04)
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- PROCESS FOR PREPARATION OF TADALAFIL
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It has been found that tadalafil can be obtained in high purity when (6R,12aR)-methyl-1,2,3,4-tertahydro-2-chloroacetyL-1-(3,4-methylenedioxy- phenyl)-9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indole-3-carboxylate is reacted with methylamine in methanol in specific quantities for a specific reaction time. It has also been found that (6R,12aR)-methyl-1,2,3,4-tertahydro-2-chloroacetyl-1-(3,4-methylenedioxy- phenyl)-9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indole-3-carboxylate, the key intermediate in the preparation of tadalafil, may be obtained in higher yield from D-Tryptophan methyl ester without isolationg intermediate as solid.
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Page/Page column 2-3; 6-7
(2009/12/27)
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- Conversion of tryptophan into ?-carboline derivatives
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The invention belongs in the field of organic chemistry and relates to a new shortened Pictet-Spengler type reaction for preparing isomerically pure β-carboline compounds useful for the synthesis of tadalafil.
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Page/Page column 8
(2009/10/18)
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- Highly stereoselective Pictet-Spengler reaction of d-tryptophan methyl ester with piperonal: convenient syntheses of Cialis (Tadalafil), 12a-epi-Cialis, and their deuterated analogues
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The acid-catalyzed Pictet-Spengler reaction of d-tryptophan methyl ester with piperonal in acetic acid has been reported, the best stereoselectivity (cis/trans = 92:8) was obtained with benzoic acid as the catalyst. The Pictet-Spengler reaction of d-tryptophan methyl ester hydrochloride with piperonal in various solvents has been extensively studied, the solvent-dependence of stereoselectivities could be principally attributed to the solubility-difference between cis and trans products 5-HCl in the used solvent, the best stereoselectivity (cis/trans = 99:1) was obtained using nitromethane or acetonitrile as the solvent. A base-catalyzed epimerization at 12a-position of Cialis 1 (tadalafil) in a DMSO-containing solvent was also exploited. Cialis, 12a-epi-Cialis 2, deuterium-labeled 3,3,12a-d3-Cialis 3, and 3,3,12a-d3-12a-epi-Cialis 4 were efficiently synthesized from d-tryptophan methyl ester hydrochloride.
- Shi, Xiao-Xin,Liu, Shi-Ling,Xu, Wei,Xu, Yu-Lan
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p. 435 - 442
(2008/09/19)
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- CHIRAL TETRA-HYDRO BETA-CARBOLINE DERIVATIVES AND APPLICATIONS THEREOF AS ANTIPARASITIC COMPOUNDS
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The invention relates to the use of chiral tetra-hydro β-carboline derivatives of formula (I) for the preparation of pharmaceutical composition for the prevention and/or the treatment of parasitic diseases involving parasites having a phosphodiesterase activity: or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, in which: - R1 and R2, identical or different, represent a hydrogen atom or a fluorine atom; - k is an integer equal to 0 or 1; - R3 is selected from the group consisting of: ■ a phenyl ring optionally substituted ■ a 3'-N-pyridine ring optionally substituted - R4 is a group selected in the group consisting of the following groups: -NH-A-R5, -NHC(O)-R5 and the groups of formulas (II-a) to (II-c) below: The invention also relates to some new chiral tetra-hydro β-carboline derivatives.
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Page/Page column 15; 18
(2008/06/13)
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- PDE5 inhibitors: An original access to novel potent arylated analogues of tadalafil
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A method to access totally new analogues of tadalafil was explored. The Buchwald reaction was adapted and used to replace the methyl group of tadalafil by various aryl groups. Inhibition potencies on PDE5 of these analogues were determined and proved to be comparable to the one of tadalafil. Using the same route, compounds with the same level of activity but improved water solubility were produced by introducing a pyridine or a pyrimidine ring. This original route also opens access to new unpatented compounds.
- Beghyn, Terence,Hounsou, Candide,Deprez, Benoit P.
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p. 789 - 792
(2007/10/03)
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- Pictet-Spengler cyclization in room temperature ionic liquid: A convenient access to tetrahydro β-carbolines
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1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-β-carbolines have been synthesized in moderate to good yields in short reaction time using the ionic liquid [bbim] BF4 as reaction medium and promoter. There was no need for the use of an additional catalyst normally employed
- Muthukrishnan,More, Shivaji V.,Garud, Dinesh R.,Ramana,Joshi,Joshi
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p. 767 - 772
(2007/10/03)
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- PROCESS FOR PREPARING TADALAFIL AND ITS INTERMEDIATES
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The present invention relates to two novel forms of Tadalafil which differ in their bulk densities. The invention also relates to an improved process for the preparation of Tadalafil and its intermediates.
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Page/Page column 4; 9-11; 17
(2008/06/13)
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- Synthesis and SAR of tetracyclic pyrroloquinolones as phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors
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The synthesis of the fused tetracyclic pyrroloquinolones 9a-i in four steps is described. The PDE5 inhibitory activities of these compounds, their selectivities against PDE1, PDE2, PDE3, PDE4 and PDE6, the preclinical pharmacokinetic assessments and the in vivo efficacy in increasing intracavernosal pressure are presented and discussed.
- Jiang, Weiqin,Alford, Vernon C.,Qiu, Yuhong,Bhattacharjee, Sheela,John, T. Matthew,Haynes-Johnson, Donna,Kraft, Patricia J.,Lundeen, Scott G.,Sui, Zhihua
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p. 1505 - 1515
(2007/10/03)
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- The discovery of tadalafil: A novel and highly selective PDE5 inhibitor. 2: 2,3,6,7,12,12a-Hexahydropyrazino[1′,2′ :1,6]pyrido[3,4-b]indole-1,4-dione analogues
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Modification of the hydantoin ring in the previously described lead compound 2a has led to the discovery of compound 12a, tadalafil, a highly potent and highly selective PDE5 inhibitor. The replacement of the hydantoin in compound 2a by a piperazinedione ring led to compound cis-11a which showed similar PDE5 inhibitory potency. Introduction of a 3,4-methylenedioxy substitution on the phenyl ring in position 6 led to a potent PDE5 inhibitor cis-11c with increased cellular potency. Optimization of the chain on the piperazinedione ring led to the identification of the racemic cis-N-methyl derivative 11i. High diastereospecificity for PDE5 inhibition was observed in the piperazinedione series with the cis-(6R,12aR) enantiomer displaying the highest PDE5 inhibitory activity. The piperazinedione 12a, tadalafil (GF196960), has been identified as a highly potent PDE5 inhibitor (IC50 = 5 nM) with high selectivity for PDE5 vs PDE1-4 and PDE6. Compound 12a displays 85-fold greater selectivity vs PDE6 than sildenafil 1. 12a showed profound and long-lasting blood pressure lowering activity (30 mmHg/>7 h) in the spontaneously hypertensive rat model after oral administration (5 mg/kg).
- Daugan, Alain,Grondin, Pascal,Ruault, Cécile,Le Monnier de Gouville, Anne-Charlotte,Coste, Hervé,Linget, Jean Michel,Kirilovsky, Jorge,Hyafil, Fran?ois,Labaudinièret, Richard
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p. 4533 - 4542
(2007/10/03)
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- Cyclic gmp-specific phosphodiesterase inhibitors
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Compounds of general structural formula (I) and use of the compounds and salts and solvates thereof, as therapeutic agents.
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- Potassium superoxide as an alternative reagent for Winterfeldt oxidation of beta-carbolines.
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Potassium superoxide was examined as an alternative oxidation reagent for the Winterfeldt reaction. KO(2) was found to be superior to the original Winterfeldt protocol for base-sensitive substrates. [reaction--see text]
- Jiang, Weiqin,Zhang, Xuqing,Sui, Zhihua
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