- Molybdenum(II)-catalyzed alkylation of electron-rich aromatics with allylic acetates
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The molybdenum(II) complex [Mo(CO)4Br2]2 has been found to catalyze allylic substitution with aromatic ethers, e.g., anisole (7), as nucleophiles. The reaction is remarkably para-selective (e.g. 7 + 8 → 11).
- Malkov, Andrei V.,Davis, Stuart L.,Mitchell, William L.,Kocovsky, Pavel
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Read Online
- Preparation of 1,3-Diarylpropenes by Phosphine-Free Palladium(0)-Catalyzed Suzuki-Type Coupling of Allyl Bromides with Arylboronic Acids
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1,2-Diarylpropenes 3 featuring different substituents at the aryl rings are obtained in high yields by a modified Suzuki coupling between cinnamyl bromides and arylboronic acids using the phosphine-free Pd(dba)n (n = 1.5-2) as catalyst, in benzene and in
- Moreno-Manas, Marcial,Pajuelo, Francesca,Pleixats, Roser
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Read Online
- A macrocyclic triolefinic palladium(0) complex covalently anchored to a mesostructured silica as active and reusable catalyst for Suzuki cross-coupling reactions
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A mesostructured hybrid material containing a 15-membered triazamacrocyclic triolefinic palladium(0) complex was prepared and tested as a reusable heterogeneous catalyst for Suzuki cross-couplings in organic solvents. A mesoporous hybrid material containi
- Blanco, Belén,Mehdi, Ahmad,Moreno-Ma?as, Marcial,Pleixats, Roser,Reyé, Catherine
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Read Online
- Cu-Catalyzed Oxidative Allylic C-H Arylation of Inexpensive Alkenes with (Hetero)Aryl Boronic Acids
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Herein, we present a regioselective Cu-catalyzed oxidative allylic C(sp3)-H arylation by radical relay using a broad range of heteroaryl boronic acids with inexpensive and readily available unactivated terminal and internal olefins. This C(sp2)-C(sp3) allyl coupling has the advantage of using cheap, abundant, and nontoxic Cu2O without the need to use prefunctionalized alkenes, thus offering an alternative method to allylic arylation reactions that employ more traditional coupling partners with preinstalled leaving groups (LGs) at the allylic position.
- Pal, Suman,Cotard, Marine,Gérardin, Baptiste,Hoarau, Christophe,Schneider, Cédric
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supporting information
p. 3130 - 3135
(2021/05/05)
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- Nickel-catalyzed cross-electrophile coupling of aryl chlorides with allylic alcohols
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Nickel-catalyzed cross-electrophile coupling of aryl chlorides with allylic alcohols proceeds readily under mild conditions in the presence of zinc powder and MgCl2to produce allylarenes in 25-92% yields. The reaction shows high regioselectivit
- Yu, Hang,Wang, Zhong-Xia
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p. 9723 - 9731
(2021/12/01)
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- Nickel-Catalyzed Electrochemical C(sp3)?C(sp2) Cross-Coupling Reactions of Benzyl Trifluoroborate and Organic Halides**
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Reported here is the redox neutral electrochemical C(sp2)?C(sp3) cross-coupling reaction of bench-stable aryl halides or β-bromostyrene (electrophiles) and benzylic trifluoroborates (nucleophiles) using nonprecious, bench-stable NiCl2?glyme/polypyridine catalysts in an undivided cell configuration under ambient conditions. The broad reaction scope and good yields of the Ni-catalyzed electrochemical coupling reactions were confirmed by 50 examples of aryl/β-styrenyl chloride/bromide and benzylic trifluoroborates. Potential applications were demonstrated by electrosynthesis and late-stage functionalization of pharmaceuticals and natural amino acid modification, and three reactions were run on gram-scale in a flow-cell electrolyzer. The electrochemical C?C cross-coupling reactions proceed through an unconventional radical transmetalation mechanism. This method is highly productive and expected to find wide-spread applications in organic synthesis.
- Luo, Jian,Hu, Bo,Wu, Wenda,Hu, Maowei,Liu, T. Leo
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p. 6107 - 6116
(2021/02/01)
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- Bimetallic nano alloy architecture on a special polymer: Ni or Cu merged with Pd for the promotion of the Mizoroki–Heck reaction and the Suzuki–Miyaura coupling
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Abstract: Novel Ni-Pd and Cu-Pd bimetallic nano alloys was designed and heterogenized on the highly robust ABPBI [poly(2,5-benzimidazole)] polymer in high yields using NaBH4 as reducing agent. These were versatile ligand free catalysts for the Mizoroki–Heck reaction and Suzuki–Miyaura coupling. The bimetallic Ni-Pd-ABPBI catalyst for the Mizoroki–Heck reaction of 4-iodo anisole could be recycled 5 times with high yields. Aryl bromides could also be activated for the Mizoroki–Heck reaction using Cu-Pd-ABPBI NP catalysts, with moderate yields. Graphic abstract: Synopsis Novel bimetallic Ni-Pd and Cu-Pd nano alloys, heterogenized on the robust ABPBI [poly(2,5-benzimidazole)] polymer using NaBH4 as reducing agent, is described. These were versatile ligand free, noble metal conservative catalysts, for the Mizoroki–Heck reaction and the Suzuki–Miyaura coupling. Aryl bromides were activated for the Mizoroki–Heck reaction using the Cu-Pd-ABPBI catalyst.[Figure not available: see fulltext.]
- Patil, Vijay P,Kashid, Abhijit A,Solanki, Bhanupratap S,Kharul, Ulhas K,Iyer, Suresh
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- Vinyl Sulfonium Salts as the Radical Acceptor for Metal-Free Decarboxylative Alkenylation
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Vinyl sulfonium salts typically act as an electrophilic Michael acceptor, thus initiating many tandem cyclization reactions. Herein, we disclosed the novel reactivity of vinyl sulfonium salts as a radical acceptor. Using redox-active ester as an alkyl rad
- Zhang, Yu-Lan,Yang, Lei,Wu, Jie,Zhu, Chunyin,Wang, Peng
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p. 7768 - 7772
(2020/10/09)
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- In Situ Ring-Closing Strategy for Direct Synthesis of N-Heterocyclic Carbene Nickel Complexes and Their Application in Coupling of Allylic Alcohols with Aryl Boronic Acids
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A in situ ring-closing strategy was developed for the synthesis of N-heterocyclic carbene nickel complexes. The process was carried out in air, and did not require solvent purification. The resulting nickel complexes were investigated as catalysts for the coupling of allylic alcohols with aryl boronic acids. A wide range of allylic substrates and aryl acids proved to be applicable to this catalytic system. Control experiments suggest that the Ni(0) may be the true active species in the coupling reactions. (Figure presented.).
- Wang, Yu-Bin,Liu, Bin-Yuan,Bu, Qingqing,Dai, Bin,Liu, Ning
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p. 2930 - 2940
(2020/06/17)
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- Palladium-catalyzed reaction of γ-silylated allyl acetates proceeding through 1,2-shift of a substituent on silicon
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The palladium-catalyzed reaction of γ-silylated allyl acetates with water in the presence of CsF induces a previously unprecedented 1,2-shift of a substituent on silicon to produce allylsilanes in situ. The catalytic activity of the palladium increased when using an electron-poor phosphine ligand possessing fluorinated substituents. Further investigation of the reaction revealed that the approximate order of the migratory aptitude of groups from silicon was PhC≡C, allyl > Bn > Ph, vinyl > alkyl (Me, Et). A density functional theory study was employed to explore the reaction mechanism. Finally, the Hosomi–Sakurai-type allylation of aldehydes with in situ-generated α,γ-disubstituted allylsilanes was also investigated.
- Horino, Yoshikazu,Ishibashi, Mayo,Nakasai, Kosuke,Korenaga, Toshinobu
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- Incorporation of PdCl2P2 Complexes in Ni-MOF for Catalyzing Heck Arylation of Functionalized Olefins
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Two palladium complexes of a PdCl2P2 type with P = tri(1-piperidinyl)phosphine (Pd-1) and triphenylphosphine (Pd-2) were successfully immobilized on [Ni8(OH)4(OH2)2(L)6]n (Ni-MOF) material [L=4,4′-(benzene-1,4-diyldiethyne-2,1-diyl)bis(1-H-pyrazole)] to form Pd@Ni-MOF composites. The presence of big octahedral cavities in the Ni-MOF structure (2.4 nm) enabled incorporation of PdCl2P2 molecules inside the Ni-MOF, as confirmed by physicochemical measurements and computer simulation. The Pd@Ni-MOF composites catalyzed arylation of estragole by iodobenzene with an efficiency higher than that for the corresponding PdCl2P2 compounds without MOF. Arylation of eugenol by PhB(OH)2 unexpectedly resulted in the formation of ether as the main product. This was explained by the dominating activity of the Cu@MOF catalyst, formed in situ under the reaction conditions.
- Tarnowicz-Ligus, Stanis?awa,Augustyniak, Adam,Trzeciak, Anna M.
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p. 4282 - 4288
(2019/08/26)
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- Method for preparing allyl compound
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The invention relates to a method for preparing an allyl compound, and the specific steps are as follows: (1) allyl acetate, a halogenated hydrocarbon, magnesium chips, an additive, a catalyst and a ligand are dissolved in a solvent and mixed, and a crude product is obtained after reaction; and (2) after the crude product obtained in the step (1) is subjected to separation and purification, the allyl compound is obtained. Compared with the prior art, the preparation method effectively avoids the use of a pre-formed organometallic reagent in a traditional synthetic method, and has the characteristics of convenient operation, easy availability of raw materials, low cost, greenness, environmental friendliness and high yield.
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Paragraph 0056-0062
(2019/11/13)
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- Iron-catalysed allylation-hydrogenation sequences as masked alkyl-alkyl cross-couplings
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An iron-catalysed allylation of organomagnesium reagents (alkyl, aryl) with simple allyl acetates proceeds under mild conditions (Fe(OAc)2 or Fe(acac)2, Et2O, r.t.) to furnish various alkene and styrene derivatives. Mechanistic studies indicate the operation of a homotopic catalyst. The sequential combination of such iron-catalysed allylation with an iron-catalysed hydrogenation results in overall C(sp3)-C(sp3)-bond formation that constitutes an attractive alternative to challenging direct cross-coupling protocols with alkyl halides.
- Bernauer, Josef,Wu, Guojiao,Von Wangelin, Axel
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p. 31217 - 31223
(2019/10/19)
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- Cross-coupling reaction of allylic ethers with aryl Grignard reagents catalyzed by a nickel pincer complex
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A cross-coupling reaction of allylic aryl ethers with arylmagnesium reagents was investigated using β-aminoketonato- and β-diketiminato-based pincer-type nickel(II) complexes as catalysts. An β-aminoketonato nickel(II) complex bearing a diphenylphosphino group as a third donor effectively catalyzed the reaction to afford the target cross-coupled products, allylbenzene derivatives, in high yield. The regioselective reaction of a variety of substituted cinnamyl ethers proceeded to give the corresponding linear products. In contrast, α- and γ-alkyl substituted allylic ethers afforded a mixture of the linear and branched products. These results indicated that the coupling reaction proceeded via a π-allyl nickel intermediate.
- Hashimoto, Toru,Funatsu, Kei,Ohtani, Atsufumi,Asano, Erika,Yamaguchi, Yoshitaka
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- Cross-Coupling Reactions of Alkenyl Halides with 4-Benzyl-1,4- Dihydropyridines Associated with E to Z Isomerization under Nickel and Photoredox Catalysis
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Cross-coupling reactions of alkenyl halides with 4-alkyl-1,4-dihydropyridines as alkylation reagents have been achieved by combination of nickel and photoredox catalysts. Alkenyl halides bearing alkyl and aryl substituents are available. Particularly, in
- Nakajima, Kazunari,Guo, Xifeng,Nishibayashi, Yoshiaki
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supporting information
p. 3653 - 3657
(2018/11/10)
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- Heck transformations of biological compounds catalyzed by phosphine-free palladium
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The development and optimization of synthetic methods leading to functionalized biologically active compounds is described. Two alternative pathways based on Heck-type reactions, employing iodobenzene or phenylboronic acid, were elaborated for the arylation of eugenol and estragole. Cinnamyl alcohol was efficiently transformed to saturated arylated aldehydes in reaction with iodobenzene using the tandem arylation/isomerization sequential process. The arylation of cinnamyl alcohol with phenylboronic acid mainly gave unsaturated alcohol, while the yield of saturated aldehyde was much lower. Catalytic reactions were carried out using simple, phosphine-free palladium precursors and water as a cosolvent, following green chemistry rules as much as possible.
- Tarnowicz-Ligus, Stanis?awa,Trzeciak, Anna M.
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supporting information
(2018/09/10)
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- Iron-Catalyzed Grignard Cross-Couplings with Allylic Methyl Ethers or Allylic Trimethylsilyl Ethers
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We have found that cross-coupling between aryl Grignard reagents and allylic methyl ethers proceeded well in the presence of a catalytic amounts of Fe(acac) 3 to afford the corresponding allylic substitution products in good yields. Under the same conditions, allylic trimethylsilyl ethers also reacted with Grignard reagents to give the corresponding cross-coupling products.
- Seto, Chika,Otsuka, Takeshi,Takeuchi, Yoshiki,Tabuchi, Daichi,Nagano, Takashi
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supporting information
p. 1211 - 1214
(2018/03/26)
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- Direct Reduction of Allylic Alcohols Using Isopropanol as Reductant
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The lithium cation-catalyzed direct reduction of allylic alcohols to alkenes using isopropanol as a hydride donor was developed. The hydride transfer of the in situ-generated lithium isopropoxide to an allylic cation is the key process in this transformation. The reaction generates only water and acetone as byproducts, which highlights the synthetic utility of this method. (Figure presented.).
- Sai, Masahiro
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supporting information
p. 3482 - 3487
(2018/09/14)
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- Nickel-Catalyzed Direct Coupling of Allylic Alcohols with Organoboron Reagents
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The direct coupling of allylic alcohols with arylboronic acids or their derivatives catalyzed by Ni(cod)2 in the presence of a catalytic amount of base has been developed. A wide variety of allylic substrates or arylboronic acids turned out to be applicable to this catalytic system. The present method does not require the use of ligands for stabilizing the nickel catalyst in most cases or additional activators for activation of allylic alcohols.
- Wang, Gaonan,Gan, Yi,Liu, Yuanhong
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supporting information
p. 916 - 920
(2018/09/22)
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- Manganese-Catalyzed Dual-Deoxygenative Coupling of Primary Alcohols with 2-Arylethanols
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Reported herein is a general and efficient dual-deoxygenative coupling of primary alcohols with 2-arylethanols catalyzed by a well-defined Mn/PNP pincer complex. This reaction is the first example of the catalytic dual-deoxygenation of alcohols using a non-noble-metal catalyst. Both deoxygenative homocoupling of 2-arylethanols (17 examples) and their deoxygenative cross-coupling with other primary alcohols (20 examples) proceeded smoothly to form the corresponding alkenes by a dehydrogenation and deformylation reaction sequence.
- Wang, Yujie,Shao, Zhihui,Zhang, Kun,Liu, Qiang
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supporting information
p. 15143 - 15147
(2018/11/01)
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- Picolinamide modified β-cyclodextrin/Pd (II) complex: Asupramolecular catalyst for Suzuki-Miyaura coupling of aryl, benzyl and allyl halides with arylboronic acids in water
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Novel supramolecular catalysts for Suzuki-Miyaura coupling were prepared and characterized by NMR, FT-IR, TEM, XRD, TGA, and XPS. The resulting picolinamide-modified β-cyclodextrin/Pd(II) complex (Pd(II)@PCA-β-CD) showed very efficient catalytic activity for Suzuki-Miyaura coupling of aryl, benzyl, and allyl halides with arylboronic acids in an environmentally benign aqueous solution. Various organic halides including chlorides can produce good to excellent yields with phenyl-boronic acid and a catalytic amount of Pd(II)@PCA-β-CD. This hydro-soluble catalyst was capable of being reused for at least eight runs with only a slight loss of catalytic activity. A putative mechanism of the Pd(II)/Pd(IV) catalytic cycle was also explored and calculated by ab initio QM/MM methods.
- Luo, Kaixiu,Zhang, Lu,Yang, Rui,Jin, Yi,Lin, Jun
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p. 200 - 210
(2018/08/09)
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- Dual nickel and Lewis acid catalysis for cross-electrophile coupling: The allylation of aryl halides with allylic alcohols
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Controlling the selectivity in cross-electrophile coupling reactions is a significant challenge, particularly when one electrophile is much more reactive. We report a general and practical strategy to address this problem in the reaction between reactive and unreactive electrophiles by a combination of nickel and Lewis acid catalysis. This strategy is used for the coupling of aryl halides with allylic alcohols to form linear allylarenes selectively. The reaction tolerates a wide range of functional groups (e.g. silanes, boronates, anilines, esters, alcohols, and various heterocycles) and works with various allylic alcohols. Complementary to most current routes for the C3 allylation of an unprotected indole, this method provides access to C2 and C4-C7 allylated indoles. Preliminary mechanistic experiments reveal that the reaction might start with an aryl nickel intermediate, which then reacts with Lewis acid activated allylic alcohols in the presence of Mn.
- Jia, Xue-Gong,Guo, Peng,Duan, Jicheng,Shu, Xing-Zhong
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p. 640 - 645
(2018/01/28)
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- S,O-ligand-promoted palladium-catalyzed C–H olefination of arenes with allylic substrates
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An efficient catalytic system for the C–H olefination of arenes with different allylic substrates is reported. The catalytic system is based on Pd(OAc)2 and a readily accessible bidentate S,O-ligand. The methodology shows high activity with a wide range of arenes, including bulky and, electron-rich and -poor arenes. The applicability of this catalyst is demonstrated in the late-stage functionalization of the complex molecule O-methylestrone.
- Naksomboon, Kananat,álvarez-Casao, Yolanda,Uiterweerd, Michiel,Westerveld, Nick,Maciá, Beatriz,Fernández-Ibá?ez, M. ángeles
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supporting information
p. 379 - 382
(2017/12/28)
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- Oxygenation of Simple Olefins through Selective Allylic C?C Bond Cleavage: A Direct Approach to Cinnamyl Aldehydes
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A novel metal-free allylic C?C σ-bond cleavage of simple olefins to give valuable cinnamyl aldehydes is reported. 1,2-Aryl or alkyl migration through allylic C?C bond cleavage occurs in this transformation, which is assisted by an alkyl azide reagent. This method enables O-atom incorporation into simple unfunctionalized olefins to construct cinnamyl aldehydes. The reaction features simple hydrocarbon substrates, metal-free conditions, and high regio- and stereoselectivity.
- Liu, Jianzhong,Wen, Xiaojin,Qin, Chong,Li, Xinyao,Luo, Xiao,Sun, Ao,Zhu, Bencong,Song, Song,Jiao, Ning
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p. 11940 - 11944
(2017/09/20)
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- Cobalt-Catalyzed Reductive Cross-Coupling Between Styryl and Benzyl Halides
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A simple and efficient protocol for the direct reductive cross-coupling between alkenyl and benzyl halides using a Co/Mn system has been developed. This reaction proceeds smoothly in the presence of [CoBr2(PPh3)2] as the catalyst, with NaI as an additive in acetonitrile with a broad scope of functionalized alkenyl and benzyl halides. Different functional groups are tolerated on both coupling partners, thus, significantly extending the general scope of transition-metal-catalyzed benzylation of alkenyl halides. Moderate to excellent yields were also obtained. From a mechanistic point of view, a radical chain mechanism was proposed. This reaction is stereospecific and some studies suggest the retention of the double-bond configuration.
- Cai, Yingxiao,Benischke, Andreas D.,Knochel, Paul,Gosmini, Corinne
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p. 250 - 253
(2017/01/17)
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- Synthetic method of diarylmethanes
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The invention discloses a synthetic method of diarylmethanes. The method is characterized in that benzyl pseudohalide and aromatic boric acid are reacted in an organic solvent under alkaline condition. The method employs easily available raw materials, conversion is realized under effect of no transition metal catalysis, water-free and oxygen-free are not required, Lewis acid catalysis is not required, the method has wide substrate universality, and various substituted diarylmethanes can be synthesized by the method.
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Paragraph 0319; 0320; 0321; 0322; 0323
(2017/08/28)
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- Bi(OTf)3 catalyzed disproportionation reaction of cinnamyl alcohols
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Bi(OTf)3 catalyzed disproportionation reaction of cinnamyl alcohols provides chalcones and benzyl styrenes. The use of various metal triflates is investigated herein for facile and efficient redox transformation. A plausible mechanism has been proposed.
- Chan, Chieh-Kai,Tsai, Yu-Lin,Chang, Meng-Yang
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p. 3368 - 3376
(2017/05/22)
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- Nickel-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling of Allyl Alcohols with Aryl- or Alkenylzinc Reagents
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Nickel-catalyzed cross-coupling of allyl alcohols with aryl- and alkenylzinc chlorides through C-O bond cleavage was performed. Reaction of (E)-3-phenylprop-2-en-1-ol and 1-aryl-prop-2-en-1-ols with aryl- or alkenylzinc chlorides gave linear cross-coupling products. Reaction of 1-phenyl- or 1-methyl-substituted (E)-3-phenylprop-2-en-1-ol with aryl- or alkenylzinc chlorides resulted in 3-aryl/alkenyl-substituted (E)-(prop-1-ene-1,3-diyl)dibenzenes or 3-aryl/alkenyl-substituted (E)-(but-1-enyl)benzene. Reaction of allyl alcohol with p-Me2NC6H4ZnCl resulted in a mixture of normal coupling product 4-allyl-N,N-dimethylaniline and its isomerized product N,N-dimethyl-4-(prop-1-en-1-yl)aniline.
- Yang, Bo,Wang, Zhong-Xia
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p. 4542 - 4549
(2017/05/12)
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- Coupling of arylboronic acids with benzyl halides or mesylates without adding transition metal catalysts
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We report herein a transition-metal-free coupling reaction of arylboronic acids with benzyl halides and mesylates for the construction of C(sp2)[sbnd]C(sp3) bonds. A unique feature of this coupling reaction is the formation regioisomers in some cases. Mechanistic studies suggest that this reaction may proceed via an unprecedented Friedel–Crafts-type reaction pathway under base conditions with the assistance of boronic acid moiety.
- Wu, Guojiao,Xu, Shuai,Deng, Yifan,Wu, Chaoqiang,Zhao, Xia,Ji, Wenzhi,Zhang, Yan,Wang, Jianbo
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p. 8022 - 8030
(2016/11/19)
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- Nickel-Catalyzed Reductive Cross-Coupling of Benzyl Chlorides with Aryl Chlorides/Fluorides: A One-Pot Synthesis of Diarylmethanes
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The first nickel-catalyzed, magnesium-mediated reductive cross-coupling between benzyl chlorides and aryl chlorides or fluorides is reported. A variety of diarylmethanes can be prepared in good to excellent yields in a one-pot manner using easy-to-access mixed PPh3/NHC Ni(II) complexes of Ni(PPh3)(NHC)Br2 (NHC = 1,3-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)imidazol-2-ylidene, IPr, 1a; 1,3-di-tert-butylimidazol-2-ylidene, ItBu, 1b) as catalyst precursors. Activation of polychloroarenes or chemoselective cross-coupling based on the difference in catalytic activity between 1a and 1b is used to construct oligo-diarylmethane motifs.
- Zhang, Jie,Lu, Gusheng,Xu, Jin,Sun, Hongmei,Shen, Qi
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supporting information
p. 2860 - 2863
(2016/07/06)
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- Nickel-Catalyzed Regioselective Reductive Cross-Coupling of Aryl Halides with Polysubstituted Allyl Halides in the Presence of Imidazolium Salts
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The nickel-catalyzed direct reductive cross-coupling of aryl halides with readily accessible polysubstituted allyl halides provides an efficient method for preparing diverse allylated arenes under mild conditions. Both allyl bromides and allyl chlorides are compatible with the transformation.
- Zhang, Zhan,Xu, Lijun,Chen, Zhengkai,Liu, Zhubo,Miao, Maozhong,Song, Jinyu,Ren, Hongjun
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p. 2784 - 2788
(2015/12/18)
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- Catalytic allylic arylation of cinnamyl carbonates over palladium nanoparticles supported on a thermoresponsive polymer in water
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Poly(NIPAM-co-4-VP) undergoes a phase transition at the low critical solution temperature with a change from the hydrophilic to the hydrophobic core in a hydrophilic solvent. Palladium nanoparticles supported on such a thermoresponsive polymer support were demonstrated to catalyze the Tsuji-Trost reaction for the arylation of various cinnamyl carbonates by arylboronic acids. Therefore, a protocol developed using mild reaction conditions demonstrates the recyclability of the catalyst in an eco-friendly solvent such as water.
- Lee, Yongwoo,Shabbir, Saira,Lee, Sinyoung,Ahn, Hyunsoek,Rhee, Hakjune
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p. 3579 - 3583
(2015/06/25)
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- CaII-Catalyzed Alkenylation of Alcohols with Vinylboronic Acids
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Direct alkenylation of a variety of alcohols with vinylboronic acids has been accomplished using the air-stable calcium(II) complex Ca(NTf2)2 under mild conditions with short reaction times. For reluctant transformations, an ammonium salt was used as an additive to circumvent the reactivity issue. Cross-coupling: Direct alkenylation of a variety of alcohols with vinylboronic acids has been accomplished using the air-stable calcium(II) complex Ca(NTf2)2 under mild conditions with short reaction times (see scheme)
- Leb?uf, David,Presset, Marc,Michelet, Bastien,Bour, Christophe,Bezzenine-Lafollée, Sophie,Gandon, Vincent
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supporting information
p. 11001 - 11005
(2015/11/10)
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- Comparison of dppf-Supported Nickel Precatalysts for the Suzuki-Miyaura Reaction: The Observation and Activity of Nickel(I)
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Ni-based precatalysts for the Suzuki-Miyaura reaction have potential chemical and economic advantages compared to commonly used Pd systems. Here, we compare Ni precatalysts for the Suzuki-Miyaura reaction supported by the dppf ligand in 3 oxidation states, 0, I and II. Surprisingly, at 80 °C they give similar catalytic activity, with all systems generating significant amounts of NiI during the reaction. At room temperature a readily accessible bench-stable NiII precatalyst is highly active and can couple synthetically important heterocyclic substrates. Our work conclusively establishes that NiI species are relevant in reactions typically proposed to involve exclusively Ni0 and NiII complexes.
- Guard, Louise M.,Mohadjer Beromi, Megan,Brudvig, Gary W.,Hazari, Nilay,Vinyard, David J.
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supporting information
p. 13352 - 13356
(2015/11/09)
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- Flow chemistry as a discovery tool to access sp2-sp3 cross-coupling reactions via diazo compounds
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The work takes advantage of an important feature of flow chemistry, whereby the generation of a transient species (or reactive intermediate) can be followed by a transfer step into another chemical environment, before the intermediate is reacted with a coupling partner. This concept is successfully applied to achieve a room temperature sp2-sp3 cross coupling of boronic acids with diazo compounds, these latter species being generated from hydrazones under flow conditions using MnO2 as the oxidant.
- Tran, Duc N.,Battilocchio, Claudio,Lou, Shing-Bong,Hawkins, Joel M.,Ley, Steven V.
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p. 1120 - 1125
(2015/03/04)
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- Pincer-Nickel-Catalyzed Allyl-Aryl Coupling between Allyl Methyl Ethers and Arylzinc Chlorides
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The P,N,N-pincer nickel complex [Ni(Cl){N(2-Ph2PC6H4)(2′-Me2NC6H4)}]-catalyzed allyl-aryl coupling was studied. The reaction of allyl methyl ethers, including (1-methoxyallyl)arenes and (3-methoxyprop-1-en-1-yl)arenes, with arylzinc chlorides afforded linear (E)-alkenes in high yields, whereas the reaction of (E)-1-methoxytridec-2-ene with p-Me2NC6H4ZnCl generated a mixture of linear and branched alkenes.
- Tao, Jian-Long,Yang, Bo,Wang, Zhong-Xia
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p. 12627 - 12634
(2016/01/09)
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- Photochemical Heck benzylation of styrenes catalyzed by Na[FeCp(CO)2]
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Iron-catalyzed Heck coupling of benzyl chlorides and styrenes proceeds under photochemical conditions using the well-known anionic complex, [FeCp(CO)2]- (Fp-), as a catalyst. The reaction likely proceeds through the established SN2 mechanism for Fp- alkylation, followed by styrene migratory insertion and β-hydride elimination steps that are enabled by photochemical CO dissociation.
- Waldhart, Greyson W.,Mankad, Neal P.
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supporting information
p. 171 - 174
(2015/03/05)
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- Allyl-aryl coupling of allylic carbonates with arylboronic acids catalyzed by palladium nanoparticles in ionic liquid
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A practical and greener process for the allyl-aryl coupling of allylic carbonates with arylboronic acids catalyzed by in situ generated palladium nanoparticles (PdNPs) in ionic liquid (IL) has been described. The PdNPs showed high catalytic activity for the coupling reaction in the IL to afford allyl-aryl coupling products in good to high yields with complete regio- and E/Z selectivities. The PdNPs were readily immobilized in the IL phase and the catalyst can be reused several times without significant loss of catalytic activity and stereospecificity.
- Xu, Jing,Zhai, Xing,Wu, Xue,Zhang, Yong Jian
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supporting information
p. 1712 - 1717
(2015/03/30)
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- A simple and direct method for the palladium-catalyzed oxidative coupling of unactivated allylarenes with classic arenes
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An efficient route to engineer vinylarene structures by the Pd II-catalyzed oxidative coupling of unactivated allylarenes with classic arenes was developed. The methodology features the use of unactivated allylarenes with no prefunctionalization and classic arenes without installed directing groups. A variety of vinylarenes and their saturated derivatives were obtained. They make a great couple: An efficient route to engineer vinylarene structures by PdII-catalyzed oxidative coupling of unactivated allylarenes with classic arenes is developed. The methodology features the use of unactivated allylarenes with no prefunctionalization and classic arenes without installed directing groups. A variety of vinylarenes and their saturated derivatives are obtained.
- Jin, Weiwei,Wong, Wing-Tak,Law, Ga-Lai
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p. 1599 - 1603
(2014/06/24)
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- Reactivity of mixed organozinc and mixed organocopper reagents: 11. Nickel-catalyzed atom-economic aryl-allyl coupling of mixed (n-alkyl)(aryl)zincs
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Group selectivity in the allylation of mixed (n-butyl)(phenyl)zinc reagent can be controlled by changing reaction parameters. CuCN-catalyzed allylation in tetrahydrofuran (THF)-hexamethylphosphoric triamide is n-butyl selective and also γ-selective in the presence of MgCl2, whereas CuI-catalyzed allylation in THF in the presence of n-Bu3P takes place with a n-butyl transfer:phenyl transfer ratio of 23:77 and an α:γ transfer ratio of phenyl of 76:24. NiCl2(Ph3P) 2-catalyzed allylation in the presence of LiCl is phenyl selective with an α:γ ratio of 65:35. The reaction of methyl- or n-butyl(aryl)zinc reagents with an allylic electrophile in THF at room temperature in the presence of NiCl2(Ph3P)2 catalyst and LiCl as an additive provides an atom-economic alternative to aryl-allyl coupling using diarylzincs. Copyright
- Kalkan, Melike
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p. 725 - 732
(2014/11/08)
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- FeCl3·6H2O-catalyzed selective reduction of allylic halides to alkenes with concomitant oxidation of benzylic alcohols to aldehydes
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Iron-catalyzed direct reduction of allylic halides with benzylic alcohol was achieved, providing a new, simple, and efficient method for conducting highly regioselective hydrodehalogenation. This method not only features a readily available reductant, an
- Zhang, Houcai,Liu, Ruiting,Zhou, Xigeng
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p. 282 - 288
(2014/03/21)
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- Metal-free and recyclable route to synthesize polysubstituted olefins via C-C bond construction from direct dehydrative coupling of alcohols or alkenes with alcohols catalyzed by sulfonic acid-functionalized ionic liquids
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A direct synthesis of polysubstituted olefins via construction of C-C bonds, which involves the direct dehydrative coupling of alcohols or alkenes with alcohols, was realized using a series of alkanesulfonic acid group-functionalized ionic liquids (SO3H-functionlization ILs) without additives. The metal-free and recyclable catalyst system avoided the disposal and neutralization of acidic catalysts after reaction and tolerated a broad range of substrates, including benzylic, allyl, propargylic, aliphatic and aromatic or aliphatic olefins. Additionally, the catalytic system was suitable for a gram-scale preparation. Preliminary mechanistic studies indicated that the C-H bond cleavage in this reaction might be involved in the rate-determining step.
- Han, Feng,Yang, Lei,Li, Zhen,Zhao, Yingwei,Xia, Chungu
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p. 2506 - 2516
(2014/09/17)
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- Cationic Iron(III) porphyrin catalyzed dehydrative friedel-crafts reaction of alcohols with arenes
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Alcohols react with arenes in the presence of cationic iron(III) porphyrin catalyst. The reaction involves the formation of the C-C bond via dehydration, which is formal Lewis acid catalyzed Friedel-Crafts reaction. Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart, New York.
- Teranishi, Satoru,Kurahashi, Takuya,Matsubara, Seijiro
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supporting information
p. 2148 - 2152
(2013/10/21)
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- Copper(I)-catalyzed alkylation of aryl- and alkenylsilanes activated by intramolecular coordination of an alkoxide
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Let's coordinate: Copper(I)-catalyzed cross-coupling of alkenyl- and arylsilanes with primary alkyl iodides as well as allylic and benzylic halides as C(sp3)-X electrophilic coupling partners has been realized by intramolecular activation through alkoxide coordination. This alkylation tolerates a range of functional groups including a free hydroxy group. IPr=1,3-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)imidazol-2-ylidene. Copyright
- Tsubouchi, Akira,Muramatsu, Daisuke,Takeda, Takeshi
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p. 12719 - 12722
(2013/12/04)
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- Multimetallic Ir-Sn3-catalyzed substitution reaction of π-activated alcohols with carbon and heteroatom nucleophiles
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An atom economic and catalytic substitution reaction of π-activated alcohols by a multimetallic IreSn3 complex has been demonstrated. The multimetallic IreSn3 complex can be easily synthesized from the reaction between [Cp*IrCl2]2 and SnCl2. In presence of as little as 1 mol % of the catalyst three different types of π-activated alcohols, namely benzyl, allyl, and propargyl alcohols, have been successfully transformed into alkylated products using carbon (arenes, heteroarenes, allyltrimethylsilane, and 1,3-dicarbonyls), nitrogen (sulfonamides), oxygen (alcohols), and sulfur (thiols) nucleophiles in very high yields. An electrophilic mechanism is proposed from the Hammett correlation study.
- Maity, Arnab Kumar,Chatterjee, Paresh Nath,Roy, Sujit
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p. 942 - 956
(2013/07/25)
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- Iron-catalyzed allylic arylation of olefins via C(sp3)-H activation under mild conditions
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An aryl Grignard reagent in the presence of mesityl iodide converts an allylic C-H bond of a cycloalkene or an allylbenzene derivative into a C-C bond in the presence of a catalytic amount of Fe(acac)3 and a diphosphine ligand at 0 C. The stereo- and regioselectivity of the reaction, together with deuterium labeling experiments, suggest that C-H bond activation is the slow step in the catalytic cycle preceding the formation of an allyliron intermediate.
- Sekine, Masaki,Ilies, Laurean,Nakamura, Eiichi
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p. 714 - 717
(2013/04/10)
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- Nickel-catalyzed reductive allylation of aryl bromides with allylic acetates
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This paper highlights Ni-catalyzed allylation of electron-rich aryl bromides with a variety of substituted allylic carbonates using zinc as the terminal reductant, affording E-alkenes regioselectively in good to excellent yields by the addition of aryl to the less hindered allylic carbon. The electron-deficient aryl bromides and chlorides are also highly efficient coupling partners. The Royal Society of Chemistry 2013.
- Cui, Xiaozhan,Wang, Shulin,Zhang, Yuwei,Deng, Wei,Qian, Qun,Gong, Hegui
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supporting information
p. 3094 - 3097
(2013/05/23)
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- Palladium-catalyzed allylic arylation of allylic ethers with arylboronic acids using hydrazone ligands
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Unsymmetrical 1,3-diarylpropenes were synthesized in good to high yields by the palladium-catalyzed allylic arylation of allylic ethers, such as a cinnamyl phenyl ether, with a variety of arylboronic acids using a hydrazone 1a-Pd(OAc)2 system in DMAc/H2O. Using this catalyst, eugenol was also synthesized from allyl phenyl ether with (4-hydroxy-3- methoxyphenyl)boronic acid pinacol ester. A palladium-catalyzed allylic arylation of cinnamyl phenyl ether derivatives with a variety of arylboronic acids using 5 mol-% of a hydrazone 1a-Pd(OAc)2 system in DMAc/H 2O at 50 °C gave 1,3-diarylpropenes in good yields. We also succeeded with the synthesis of eugenol by a palladium-catalyzed allylic arylation. Copyright
- Mino, Takashi,Kogure, Taketo,Abe, Taichi,Koizumi, Tomoko,Fujita, Tsutomu,Sakamoto, Masami
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p. 1501 - 1505
(2013/05/09)
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- Arylalkyl ketones, benzophenones, desoxybenzoins and chalcones inhibit TNF-α induced expression of ICAM-1: Structure-activity analysis
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The interaction between leukocytes and the vascular endothelial cells (EC) via cellular adhesion molecules plays an important role in the pathogenesis of various inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. Small molecules that block these interactions have been targeted as potential therapeutic agents against acute and chronic inflammatory diseases. In an effort to identify potent intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) inhibitors, a large number of arylalkyl ketones, benzophenones, desoxybenzoins and chalcones and their analogs (54 in total) have been synthesized and screened for their ICAM-1 inhibitory activity. The structure-activity relationship studies of these compounds identified three potent chalcone derivatives and also demonstrated the possible mechanism for their ICAM-1 inhibitory activities. The most active compound was found to be 79. A large number of arylalkyl ketones, benzophenones, desoxybenzoins and chalcones as well as their analogs (54 in total) were synthesized and screened for their ICAM-1 inhibitory activity. The structure-activity relationship studies of these compounds identified three potent chalcone derivatives and also demonstrated a possible mechanism of their ICAM-1 inhibitory activities. The most active compound was found to be 79. Copyright
- Kumar, Sarvesh,Reddy L, Chandra Shekhar,Kumar, Yogesh,Kumar, Amit,Singh, Brajendra K.,Kumar, Vineet,Malhotra, Shashwat,Pandey, Mukesh K.,Jain, Rajni,Thimmulappa, Rajesh,Sharma, Sunil K.,Prasad, Ashok K.,Biswal, Shyam,Van Der Eycken, Erik,Depass, Anthony L.,Malhotra, Sanjay V.,Ghosh, Balaram,Parmar, Virinder S.
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p. 368 - 377
(2012/07/31)
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- Regioselective and stereospecific cross-coupling of primary allylic amines with boronic acids and boronates through palladium-catalyzed C-N bond cleavage
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The NH2 group serves as an effective leaving group in the palladium-catalyzed regioselective and stereospecific title reaction (see scheme). The reaction works well with aryl- and alkenylboronic acids and aryl-, alkenyl-, allyl-, and benzylboronates, and complete transfer of chirality has been achieved when using α-chiral primary allylic amines as the allylic electrophiles. Copyright
- Li, Man-Bo,Wang, Yong,Tian, Shi-Kai
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supporting information; experimental part
p. 2968 - 2971
(2012/04/18)
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- Selective cross-coupling of organic halides with allylic acetates
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A general protocol for the coupling of haloarenes with a variety of allylic acetates is presented. Strengths of the method are a tolerance for electrophilic (ketone, aldehyde) and acidic (sulfonamide, trifluoroacetamide) substrates and the ability to couple with a variety of substituted allylic acetates. Secondary alkyl bromides can also be allylated under slightly modified conditions, demonstrating the generality of the approach. Finally, the coupling of a reactive vinyl halide could be achieved by the use of a very hindered ligand and more reactive, branched allylic acetates.
- Anka-Lufford, Lukiana L.,Prinsell, Michael R.,Weix, Daniel J.
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supporting information
p. 9989 - 10000
(2013/01/15)
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- Cross-coupling of N-allylic sulfonimides with organozinc reagents at room temperature
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An efficient cross-coupling reaction of N-allylic sulfonimides with organozinc reagents has been developed. In the presence of 1 mol-% of Pd 2(dba)3, a range of N-allylic sulfonimides smoothly couple with various organozinc reagents at room temperature to give the corresponding (E)-alkene products in moderate to excellent yields and with good to exclusive α-selectivity. It is noteworthy that allyl ether, benzyl ether, and ester are tolerated under the reaction conditions. A range of N-allylic sulfonimides smoothly couple with various organozinc reagents in the presence of 1 mol-% of Pd2(dba)3 at room temperature to give the corresponding (E)-alkene products in moderate to excellent yields and with good to exclusive α-selectivity.
- Tang, Xiang-Ling,Wu, Zhao,Li, Man-Bo,Gu, Yonghong,Tian, Shi-Kai
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supporting information; experimental part
p. 4107 - 4109
(2012/09/08)
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- Rhodium-catalyzed allylic substitution reactions with indium(III) organometallics
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A novel rhodium-catalyzed allylic substitution reaction using indium organometallics is reported. Aryl- and heteroarylindium reagents reacted in THF at 80 °C with primary and secondary allyl halides and their derivatives under rhodium(I) catalysis to afford the α-substituted products in good yields and with high regio- and stereoselectivity. The reaction takes place with substoichiometric amounts of the triorganoindium reagents, which demonstrates the efficiency of the indium-rhodium transmetallation process in carbon-carbon bond-forming reactions. Copyright
- Riveiros, Ricardo,Tato, Ruben,Perez Sestelo, Jose,Sarandeses, Luis A.
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experimental part
p. 3018 - 3023
(2012/07/03)
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