- Vibrational spectrum and assignments of 2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1H-benzo[d]imidazole by ab initio Hartree-Fock and density functional methods
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The room temperature attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectrum of the 2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1H-benzo[d]imidazole has been recorded with diamond/ZnSe prism. The conformational behaviour, structural stability of optimized geometry, frequ
- Arslan, Hakan,Alguel, Oeztekin
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Read Online
- Mechanistic study of copper-catalyzed intramolecular ortho-C-H activation/carbon-nitrogen and carbon-oxygen cyclizations
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Intramolecular ortho-C-H activation and C-N/C-O cyclizations of phenyl amidines and amides have recently been achieved under Cu catalysis. These reactions provide important examples of Cu-catalyzed functionalization of inert C-H bonds, but their mechanism
- Tang, Shiya,Gong, Tianjun,Fu, Yao
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Read Online
- One-Pot Transformation of Lignin and Lignin Model Compounds into Benzimidazoles
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It is a challenging task to simultaneously achieve selective depolymerization and valorization of lignin due to their complex structure and relatively stable bonds. We herein report an efficient depolymerization strategy that employs 2,3-dichloro-5,6-dicyano-1,4-benzoquinone (DDQ) as oxidant/catalyst to selectively convert different oxidized lignin models to a wide variety of 2-phenylbenzimidazole-based compounds in up to 94 % yields, by reacting with o-phenylenediamines with varied substituents. This method could take full advantage of both Cβ and/or Cγ atom in lignin structure to furnish the desirable products instead of forming byproducts, thus exhibiting high atom economy. Furthermore, this strategy can effectively transform both the oxidized hardwood (birch) and softwood (pine) lignin into the corresponding degradation products in up to 45 wt% and 30 wt%, respectively. Through a “one-pot” process, we have successfully realized the oxidation/depolymerization/valorization of natural birch lignin at the same time and produced the benzimidazole derivatives in up to 67 wt% total yields.
- Guo, Tao,He, Jianghua,Liu, Tianwei,Zhang, Yuetao
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supporting information
(2022/02/07)
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- [Diaquo{bis(p-hydroxybenzoato-κ1O1)}(1-methylimidazole- κ1N1)}copper(II)]: Synthesis, crystal structure, catalytic activity and DFT study
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Metal-organic hybrid complexes often exhibit large surface area, pore volume, fascinating structures and potential applications including catalytic applications. Hence a new metal-organic hybrid complex [Diaquo{bis(p-hydroxybenzoato-κ1O1)}(1-methylimidazole- κ1N1)}copper(II)] was synthesized using conventional method. Physico-chemical characterization of the complex was performed with FTIR spectroscopy, single crystal X-ray diffraction, TGA, EPR and FESEM. Single crystal X-ray diffraction study suggests it to be three dimensional with space group P212121 (orthorhombic). The crystal achieves its three-dimensional structure and stability through extensive intermolecular hydrogen bonding. Hirshfeld surface analysis, catalytic activity and DFT study of the complex was also performed. The synthesized complex acts as good catalyst in benzimidazole synthesis with good recyclability as catalyst up to 5th run.
- Brahman, Dhiraj,Chhetri, Sailesh,Kamath, Amarjit,McArdle, Patrick,Sinha, Biswajit
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- Transition-Metal-Free Transfer Hydrogenative Cascade Reaction of Nitroarenes with Amines/Alcohols: Redox-Economical Access to Benzimidazoles
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This report describes an efficient transition-metal-free process toward the transfer hydrogenative cascade reaction between nitroarenes and amines or alcohols. The developed redox-economical approach was realized using a combination of KOtBu and Et3SiH as reagents, which allows the synthesis of benzimidazole derivatives via σ-bond metathesis. The reaction conditions hold well over a wide range of substrates embedded with diverse functional groups to deliver the desired products in good to excellent yields. The mechanistic proposal has been depicted on the basis of a series of control experiments, mass spectroscopic evidence which is well supported by density functional theory (DFT) calculations with a feasible energy profile.
- Gujjarappa, Raghuram,Kabi, Arup K.,Malakar, Chandi C.,Musib, Dulal,Roy, Anupam,Sahoo, Abhishek,Singh, Virender,Vodnala, Nagaraju
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p. 14597 - 14607
(2021/11/12)
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- Water extract of onion catalyst: An economical green route for the synthesis of 2-substituted and 1,2-disubstituted benzimidazole derivatives with high selectivity
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An efficient, environmental friendly and substrate controlled method of synthesis of 2-substituted benzimidazole derivatives 3 and 1,2-disubstituted benzimidazole derivatives 4 with high selectivity has been achieved from the reaction of o-phenylenediamine 1 and aldehydes 2 in the presence of water extract of onion and selecting suitable reaction medium. This method is widely applicable for variety of aldehydes such as aromatic/aliphatic/heterocyclic aldehydes and 1,2-diamines to afford 2-substituted benzimidazole derivatives 3 and 1,2-disubstituted benzimidazole derivatives 4 in good to excellent yields (up to 96%). The developed method of water extract of onion catalysis produced 2-substituted benzimidazoles 3 from aromatic aldehydes having electron-withdrawing groups, whereas aromatic aldehydes bearing electron donating groups selectively furnished 1,2-disubstituted benzimidazole 4 derivatives. The process described here has several advantages of cheap, low energy consumption, commercially available starting materials, operational simplicity and nontoxic catalyst. The use of water extract of onion makes this present methodology green and giving a useful contribution to the existing methods available for the preparation of benzimidazole derivatives. In addition, Hammett correlation of substituent constant (σ) vs percentage (%) yield has been established.
- Kaliyan, Prabakaran,Selvaraj, Loganathan,Muthu, Seenivasa Perumal
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supporting information
p. 340 - 349
(2020/12/01)
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- Preparation method of 2-substituted benzimidazole compound
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The invention discloses a preparation method of a 2-substituted benzimidazole compound, and belongs to the field of synthesis of benzimidazole compounds. The 2-substituted benzimidazole compound is synthesized in an organic solvent by taking an o-nitroaniline compound, aromatic aldehyde, o-dinitrobenzene and aromatic aldehyde as raw materials and taking Co particles wrapped by a nitrogen-doped carbon material as a catalyst. According to the method, the 2-substituted benzimidazole compound can be prepared at room temperature, the reaction conditions are mild, the yield is as high as 95%, the selectivity is as high as 99%, and the method is economical, environmentally friendly and wide in substrate applicability. The used catalyst is easy to prepare, low in cost and good in reusability, canbe separated by utilizing magnetism, and is convenient to recover, so that the method has a relatively strong industrial application prospect.
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Paragraph 0035-0078
(2021/02/20)
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- Visible-Light Photoredox Catalyzed Double C-H Functionalization: Radical Cascade Cyclization of Ethers with Benzimidazole-Based Cyanamides
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A visible-light photoredox catalyzed radical cascade cyclization of simple ethers with cyanamides is developed at room temperature. This strategy involves sequential inert Csp3-H/Csp2-H functionalizations through intermolecular addition reaction of oxyalkyl radicals to N-cyano groups followed by radical cyclization of iminyl radicals in situ generated with C-2 aryl rings. This method allows for efficient synthesis of tetracyclic benzo[4,5]imidazo[1,2-c]quinazolines. Importantly, this is the first example of an intermolecular-intramolecular radical cascade cyclization reaction of cyanamides.
- Jiang, Si,Tian, Xiao-Jing,Feng, Shu-Yao,Li, Jiang-Sheng,Li, Zhi-Wei,Lu, Cui-Hong,Li, Chao-Jun,Liu, Wei-Dong
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supporting information
p. 692 - 696
(2021/02/01)
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- A one-step synthesis of substituted benzo- and pyridine-fused 1H-imidazoles
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Substituted benzimidazoles and pyrimidazoles are an important group of heterocyclic aromatic organic compounds in the field of medicinal chemistry. A one-step microwave accelerated synthesis of substituted benzo- and pyridine-fused 1H-imidazoles has been described. Mechanistically, the reaction proceeds by reacting substituted 2-fluoronitrobenzene and substituted arylamine through the formation of N-hydroxy intermediate, which at higher temperature cleaves to afford the desired product. This approach achieved reductions in reaction times, higher yields, cleaner reactions than the previously described synthetic processes.
- Bhatt, Ashish,Kant, Ravi,Kumar, Sonu,Reddy, Yella,Sarmah, Manash P.
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- Solvent-dependent metal-free chemoselective synthesis of benzimidazoles and 1,3,5-triarylbenzenes from 2-amino anilines and aryl alkyl ketones catalyzed by I2
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A solvent-dependent I2-catalyzed chemoselective reaction was developed for the synthesis of benzimidazoles and 1,3,5-triarylbenzenes via the annulation of 2-amino anilines and aryl alkyl ketones or the cyclization of aryl alkyl ketones, respectively. With 1,4-dioxane as the solvent, sequential C[sbnd]N bond formation followed by C(CO)-C(CH3) bond cleavage leads to the formation of benzimidazoles in a highly selective manner while aldol-type self-condensation of aryl alkyl ketones predominates using PhNO2 or PhCl as the solvent to afford 1,3,5-triarylbenzenes.
- Ding, Yuxin,Ma, Renchao,Ma, Yongmin
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- H2 Activation with Co Nanoparticles Encapsulated in N-Doped Carbon Nanotubes for Green Synthesis of Benzimidazoles
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Co nanoparticles (NPs) encapsulated in N-doped carbon nanotubes (Co@NC900) are systematically investigated as a potential alternative to precious Pt-group catalysts for hydrogenative heterocyclization reactions. Co@NC900 can efficiently catalyze hydrogenative coupling of 2-nitroaniline to benzaldehyde for synthesis of 2-phenyl-1H-benzo[d]imidazole with >99 % yield at ambient temperature in one step. The robust Co@NC900 catalyst can be easily recovered by an external magnetic field after the reaction and readily recycled for at least six times without any evident decrease in activity. Kinetic experiments indicate that Co@NC900-promoted hydrogenation is the rate-determining step with a total apparent activation energy of 41±1 kJ mol?1. Theoretical investigations further reveal that Co@NC900 can activate both H2 and the nitro group of 2-nitroaniline. The observed energy barrier for H2 dissociation is only 2.70 eV in the rate-determining step, owing to the presence of confined Co NPs in Co@NC900. Potential industrial application of the earth-abundant and non-noble transition metal catalysts is also explored for green and efficient synthesis of heterocyclic compounds.
- Lin, Chuncheng,Wan, Weihao,Wei, Xueting,Chen, Jinzhu
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p. 709 - 720
(2020/11/30)
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- Nickel catalyzed sustainable synthesis of benzazoles and purines: Via acceptorless dehydrogenative coupling and borrowing hydrogen approach
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Herein we report nickel-catalyzed sustainable synthesis of a few chosen five-membered fused nitrogen heterocycles such as benzimidazole, purine, benzothiazole, and benzoxazole via acceptorless dehydrogenative functionalization of alcohols. Using a bench stable, easy to prepare, and inexpensive Ni(ii)-catalyst, [Ni(MeTAA)] (1a), featuring a tetraaza macrocyclic ligand (tetramethyltetraaza[14]annulene (MeTAA)), a wide variety of polysubstituted benzimidazole, purine, benzothiazole, and benzoxazole derivatives were prepared via dehydrogenative coupling of alcohols with 1,2-diaminobenzene, 4,5-diaminopyrimidine, 2-aminothiphenol, and 2-aminophenol, respectively. A wide array of benzimidazoles were also prepared via a borrowing hydrogen approach involving alcohols as hydrogen donors and 2-nitroanilines as hydrogen acceptors. A few control experiments were performed to understand the reaction mechanism.
- Chakraborty, Gargi,Guin, Amit Kumar,Mondal, Rakesh,Paul, Nanda
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p. 7217 - 7233
(2021/08/30)
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- A heterogeneous catalytic strategy for facile production of benzimidazoles and quinoxalines from primary amines using the Al-MCM-41 catalyst
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This study reports a straightforward heterogeneous catalytic (Al-MCM-41) approach to synthesize nitrogen heterocycle moieties from primary amines under solvent-free conditions. The Al-MCM-41 catalyst was prepared using a hydrothermal method and characterized by various analytical techniques. The probability and limitations of the catalytic methodology were presented with various substrates. The catalytic method grants an attractive route to a wide variety of benzimidazole and quinoxaline moieties with good to excellent yields. The gram scale reaction and reusability (up to five cycles) of the Al-MCM-41 catalyst would greatly benefit industrial applications. This journal is
- Vasu, Amrutham,Naresh, Mameda,Krishna Sai, Gajula,Divya Rohini, Yennamaneni,Murali, Boosa,Ramulamma, Madasu,Ramunaidu, Addipilli,Narender, Nama
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p. 9439 - 9446
(2021/12/09)
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- Cu-Mn Bimetallic Complex Immobilized on Magnetic NPs as an Efficient Catalyst for Domino One-Pot Preparation of Benzimidazole and Biginelli Reactions from Alcohols
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An efficient magnetically recyclable bimetallic catalyst by anchoring copper and manganese complexes on the Fe3O4 NPs was prepared and named as Fe3O4@Cu-Mn. It was founded as a powerful catalyst for the domino one-pot oxidative benzimidazole and Biginelli reactions from benzyl alcohols as a green protocol in the presence of air, under solvent-free and mild conditions. Fe3O4@Cu-Mn NPs were well characterized by FT-IR, XRD, FE-SEM, TEM, VSM, TGA, EDX, DLS, and ICP analyses. The optimum range of parameters such as time, temperature, amount of catalyst, and solvent were investigated for the domino one-pot benzimidazole and Biginelli reactions to find the optimum reaction conditions. The catalyst was compatible with a variety of benzyl alcohols, which provides favorable products with good to high yields for all of derivatives. Hot filtration and Hg poisoning tests from the nanocatalyst revealed the stability, low metal leaching and heterogeneous nature of the catalyst. To prove the synergistic and cooperative effect of the catalytic system, the various homologues of the catalyst were prepared and then applied to a model reaction separately. Finally, the catalyst could be filtered from the reaction mixture simply, and reused for five consecutive cycles with a minimum loss in catalytic activity and performance. Graphic Abstract: A new magnetically recyclable Cu/Mn bimetallic catalyst has been developed for domino one-pot oxidation-condensation of benzimidazole and Biginelli reactions from alcohols. [Figure not available: see fulltext.]
- Nasseri, Mohammad Ali,Rezazadeh, Zinat,Kazemnejadi, Milad,Allahresani, Ali
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p. 1049 - 1067
(2020/09/11)
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- Ionic-Liquid-Catalyzed Synthesis of Imines, Benzimidazoles, Benzothiazoles, Quinoxalines and Quinolines through C?N, C?S, and C?C Bond Formation
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We report the tetramethyl ammonium hydroxide catalyzed oxidative coupling of amines and alcohols for the synthesis of imines under metal-free conditions by utilizing oxygen from air as the terminal oxidant. Under the same conditions, with ortho-phenylene diamines and 2-aminobenzenethiols the corresponding benzimidazoles and benzothiazoles were obtained. Quinoxalines were obtained from ortho-phenylene diamines and 1-phenylethane-1,2-diol, the conditions were then extended to the synthesis of quinoline building blocks by reaction of 2-amino benzyl alcohols either with 1-phenylethan-1-ol or acetophenone derivatives. The formation of C?N, C?S and C?C bonds was achieved under metal-free conditions. A broad range of amines (aromatic, aliphatic, cyclic and heteroaromatic) as well as benzylic alcohols including heteroaryl alcohols reacted smoothly and provided the desired products. The mild reaction conditions, commercially available catalyst, metal-free, good functional-group tolerance, broad range of products (imines, benzimidazoles, benzothiazoles, quinoxalines and quinolines) and applicability at gram scale reactions are the advantages of the present strategy.
- Adimurthy, Subbarayappa,Badhani, Gaurav,Joshi, Abhisek
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p. 6705 - 6716
(2021/12/31)
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- Visible light initiated oxidative coupling of alcohols ando-phenylenediamines to synthesize benzimidazoles over MIL-101(Fe) promoted by plasmonic Au
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The use of visible light to initiate one-pot synergistic/cascade reactions is a green and energy saving strategy. In this manuscript, we report that MIL-101(Fe) can act as a multifunctional catalyst to realize the oxidative condensation betweeno-phenylenediamines and alcohols to synthesize benzimidazoles under visible light. The deposition of plasmonic Au nanoparticles (Au NPs) on MIL-101(Fe) led to significantly improved activity. Both controlled experiments and electron spin resonance (ESR) results revealed that the production of benzimidazoles fromo-phenylenediamines and alcohols involves three sequential steps,i.e., the oxidative dehydrogenation of alcohols to produce aldehydes, the condensation betweeno-phenylenediamines and the aldehydes to produce Schiff bases and their oxidation to form benzimidazoles,viaa superoxide radical (O2˙?)-mediated pathway. The promoting effect of plasmonic Au NPs in this reaction can be ascribed to the effective transfer of the surface plasmon resonance (SPR)-excited hot electrons to the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) of MIL-101(Fe), which led to the generation of more active O2˙?radicals. This study not only provides a green and sustainable way for the synthesis of benzimidazoles, but also highlights the great potential of using rationally designed plasmonic metal NP/MOF nanocomposites as multifunctional catalysts for light initiated one-pot tandem/cascade reactions.
- Hao, Mingming,Li, Zhaohui,Qin, Yuhuan,Xu, Chao
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p. 4161 - 4169
(2021/06/17)
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- Photocatalytic green synthesis of benzazoles from alcohol oxidation/toluene sp3C-H activation over metal-free BCN: effect of crystallinity and N-B pair exposure
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Porous borocarbonitride (P-BCN), with the characteristics of enhanced crystallinity and improved N-B pair exposure, was prepared with a simple KCl-assisted molten salt strategy. Efficient heterogeneous photocatalytic tandem synthesis of benzazoles from alcohol oxidation/toluene sp3C-H activation was achieved firstly over the metal-free P-BCN using visible light and the green oxidant O2, with only water as a by-product. Variouso-thio/hydroxy/aminoanilines and alcohols or toluenes could be converted to the corresponding 2-substituted benzothiazoles, benzoxazoles and benzimidazoles with good to excellent photocatalytic performance. The improved photocatalytic performance in comparison to bulk BCN should be due to the crystallinity-enhancement-induced improvement in charge separation and transmission. The increased N-B pair exposure promoted superoxide radical generation due to the electron-enriched N atoms, as well as improved oxidation ability due to the valence band constructed by the B 2p orbital. This work presents a green and efficient synthetic strategy towards benzazoles and other fine chemicalsviametal-free heterogeneous photocatalysis.
- Cheng, Hongmei,Gao, Xue,Jiang, Heyan,Sun, Bin,Zang, Cuicui
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p. 7955 - 7962
(2021/12/27)
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- Method for catalytically synthesizing phenylbenzimidazole compound by using copper complex
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The invention relates to a method for catalytically synthesizing a phenylbenzimidazole compound by using a copper complex, which comprises the following steps: in the presence of alkali, taking benzimidazole and halogenated hydrocarbon as raw materials, taking the copper complex containing meta-carborane ligand as a catalyst, and conducting reacting at room temperature to prepare the phenylbenzimidazole compound. Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages that the halogenated hydrocarbon compound which is low in cost and easy to obtain is used as the substrate, the reaction of benzimidazole and halogenated hydrocarbon is efficiently catalyzed by using the copper complex, the phenylbenzimidazole compound is synthesized by a one-pot method, the reaction condition is mild, the universality is good, the catalytic efficiency is high, few byproducts are produced, the cost is relatively low, the product is easy to separate, and lots of waste residues cannot be generated.
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Paragraph 0055-0058
(2021/08/06)
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- Heterocyclic reaction inducted by Br?nsted–Lewis dual acidic Hf-MOF under microwave irradiation
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Use of green chemistry and alternative strategies has been explored to prepare diverse organic derivatives. The combination between heterogeneous catalyst, environmentally benign reaction and high-yielding methods is gaining momentum. Herein, a defective 6-connected Hf-MOF, named Hf-BTC, was efficiently synthesized and characterized for the heterogeneous catalysis under microwave irradiation. The MOF features including structural defect, porosity, acidity, and stability was analyzed by powder X-ray diffraction, N2 sorption isotherms, acid-base titration, and thermal gravimetric analysis. In the catalytic studies, the Br?nsted-Lewis dual acidic Hf-BTC was efficiently applied for the synthesis of the heterocyclic compounds via the microwave-assisted cycloaddition and condensation reactions. The reactions proceeded smoothly in the presence of the Hf-MOF with a broad scope of substrates provided the expected products in high to excellent yields (up to 99 %) for few minutes and the catalyst could be easily recycle over many consecutive reactions without loss of its reactivity and structure.
- Nguyen, Linh Ho Thuy,Nguyen, Trang Thi Thu,Dang, Minh-Huy Dinh,Tran, Phuong Hoang,Doan, Tan Le Hoang
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- Preparation method 2 -substituted benzimidazole derivative
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The invention belongs to the field of fine chemical product production, and particularly relates to 2 -substituted benzimidazole derivative preparation method which comprises the following steps: (1) taking O-phenylenediamine and aldehyde as raw materials, carrying out catalytic condensation, cyclization and oxidation reaction in a eutectic solvent. (2) Water is added to the reaction system, the separated product is filtered, and the eutectic solvent is recycled. (3) After recrystallization, a target product is obtained. The method has the advantages of simple operation process, easily available raw materials, low cost, high purity of the target product and no catalyst participation, can effectively prevent isomer formation, and is beneficial to large-scale production.
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Paragraph 0065-0070
(2021/11/10)
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- 1-Methylimidazolium ionic liquid supported on Ni@zeolite-Y: fabrication and performance as a novel multi-functional nanocatalyst for one-pot synthesis of 2-aminothiazoles and 2-aryl benzimidazoles
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In the present study, 1-methyl-3-(3-trimethoxysilylpropyl)-1H-imidazol-3-ium chloride-supported Ni@zeolite-Y-based nanoporous materials (Ni@zeolite-Im-IL) were synthesized and their structures were confirmed using different characterization techniques such as FT-IR, FE-SEM, EDX, XRD, BET and TGA-DTG analyses. In order to synthesize this multi-functional nano-system, zeolite-NaY was modified first, with exchanged Ni2+ ions and 3-chloropropyltriethoxysilane (CPTES) as a coupling reagent and then functionalized to imidazolium chloride ionic liquid by N-methylimidazole. New multi-functional nano-material of Ni@zeolite-Im-IL demonstrated high activity in the catalytic synthesis of 2-aminothiazoles 3a–l by one-pot reaction of methylcarbonyls, thiourea and iodine at 80?°C in DMSO with good to excellent yields (85–98%). Also, the catalytic synthesis of 2-aryl benzimidazoles, 6a–m was performed by the condensational reaction of o-arylendiamine and aromatic aldehydes in EtOH at room temperature with excellent yields (90–98%). Advantages of this efficient synthetic strategy include higher purity and shorter reaction time, excellent yield, easy isolation of products, the good stability, activity and feasible reusability of the metallic ionic liquid nanocatalyst. These benefits have made this method more compatible with the principles of green chemistry. Graphical abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.]
- Kalhor, Mehdi,Zarnegar, Zohre
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- Reusable nano-zirconia-catalyzed synthesis of benzimidazoles and their antibacterial and antifungal activities
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In this article, a zirconia-based nano-catalyst (Nano-ZrO2 ), with intermolecular C-N bond formation for the synthesis of various benzimidazole-fused heterocycles in a concise method is reported. The robustness of this reaction is demonstrated
- Ahmad, Naushad,Ahmed, Faheem,Albalawi, Fadwa,Alomar, Suliman Yousef,Basaveswara Rao, M. V.,Cheedarala, Ravi Kumar,Naidu, Tentu Manohra,Rao, Nalla Krishna,Rao, Tentu Nageswara,Reddy, G. Rajasekhar
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- TEMPO supported amine functionalized magnetic titania: a magnetically recyclable catalyst for the aerobic oxidative synthesis of heterocyclic compounds
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Abstract: The present protocol uncover a new strategy to synthesize highly efficient solid TEMPO based catalyst in which 4-oxo-TEMPO was covalently tethered to the surface of amine functionalized magnetic titania. The chemical nature and structure of the
- Sharma, Sukanya,Choudhary, Anu,Sharma, Shally,Shamim, Tahira,Paul, Satya
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- s-Tetrazine-functionalized hyper-crosslinked polymers for efficient photocatalytic synthesis of benzimidazoles
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Developing green-safe, efficient and recyclable catalysts is crucial for the chemical industry. So far, organic photocatalysis has been proved to be an environmentally friendly and energy-efficient synthetic technology compared with traditional metal catalysis. As a versatile catalytic platform, hyper-crosslinked polymers (HCPs) with large surface area and high stability are easily prepared. In this report, we successfully constructed two porous HCP photocatalysts (TZ-HCPs) featurings-tetrazine units and surface areas larger than 700 m2g?1through Friedel-Crafts alkylation reactions. The rational energy-band structures and coexisting micro- and mesopores endow TZ-HCPs with excellent activities to realize the green synthesis of benzimidazoles (28 examples, up to 99% yield, 0.5-4.0 h) in ethanol. Furthermore, at least 21 iterative catalytic runs mediated by TZ-HCP1D were performed efficiently, with 96-99% yield. This study of TZ-HCPs sheds light on the wide-ranging prospects of application of HCPs as metal-free and green photocatalysts for the preparation of fine chemicals.
- An, Wan-Kai,Zheng, Shi-Jia,Zhang, Hui-Xing,Shang, Tian-Tian,Wang, He-Rui,Xu, Xiao-Jing,Jin, Qiu,Qin, Yuchen,Ren, Yunlai,Jiang, Song,Xu, Cui-Lian,Hou, Mao-Song,Pan, Zhenliang
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supporting information
p. 1292 - 1299
(2021/02/26)
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- Syntheses, characterization, and catalytic potential of novel vanadium and molybdenum Schiff base complexes for the preparation of benzimidazoles, benzoxazoles, and benzothiazoles under thermal and ultrasonic conditions
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A new ONO-tridentate Schiff base ligand (H2L) derived from 3-methoxysalicylaldehyde and nicotinic hydrazide was synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, FT-IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, UV–Vis, and powder XRD studies. Then, oxovanadium(V) and dioxomolybdenum(VI) Schiff base complexes, VOL and MoO2L, were also prepared and characterized by different techniques. Moreover, the catalytic activities of both complexes were investigated for the synthesis of benzimidazoles, benzoxazoles, and benzothiazoles under reflux conditions as well as through ultrasonic irradiation. The results revealed several advantages of this procedure, including high product yields, short reaction times, facile work-up procedure, simplicity in operation, eco-friendly reaction conditions, and green aspects by avoiding toxic catalysts and solvents. Graphic abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.]
- Kargar, Hadi,Kargar, Khadijeh,Fallah-Mehrjardi, Mehdi,Munawar, Khurram Shahzad
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p. 593 - 605
(2021/06/21)
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- Cobalt ferrite magnetic nanoparticles as highly efficient catalyst for the mechanochemical synthesis of 2-aryl benzimidazoles
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A highly efficient magnetically separable nano cobalt ferrite catalyst was synthesized via the sol-gel auto combustion method, characterized by powder XRD, SEM, TEM, UV–Visible, FT-IR, magnetic study, and BET isotherm analysis. The synthesized material was found to be an efficient heterogeneous Lewis acid catalyst for the synthesis of 2-aryl benzimidazole derivatives via solvent-free mechanochemical synthesis. The notable features of this new protocol include solvent-free reaction, cost-effectiveness, good yields, and environmental friendliness to afford the products within a short reaction time along with easy recovery and reuse of the nano catalyst.
- Borade, Ravikumar M.,Jadhav, K. M.,Kale, Swati B.,Pawar, Rajendra P.,Tekale, Sunil U.
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- Synthesis of novel benzimidazoles at room temperature, under solvent-free condition and their biological studies
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Abstract: An efficient and facile synthesis of substituted novel benzimidazoles (3a–3h) mediated by fruit juices viz. Cocos nucifera L. juice, Citrus limetta juice and Citrus sinensis L. juice, via condensation of substituted aldehydes (1a–1h) and o-pheny
- Gulati, Susheel,Singh, Rajvir,Sangwan, Suman,Rana, Suprita
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p. 167 - 179
(2020/08/05)
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- Nanoporous Cu doped ZnS nanoparticles an efficient photo catalyst for the chemoselective synthesis of 2-substituted azoles via C-N arylation/ CSp3– H oxidation/ cyclization/dehydration sequence in visible light
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ZnS and Cu:ZnS nanoparticles were prepared by aqueous chemical method and characterized by several analytical tools. Nanoparticles have an average size of about ~ 18 nm and possess highly open mesopores, moderate surface area, and uniform morphology. UV–vis spectra designate that doping of Cu shifted the optical response of the ZnS nanoparticles in to a visible region. These Cu:ZnS nanoparticles were employed as a photocatalyst for chemoselective synthesis of 2-substituted azoles by the reaction of benzyl bromides and 1,2-Diaminobenzene or 2-Mercaptoaniline in visible light. Analogous experiments confirmed that the reaction were proceeds through one pot C–N arylation/ CSp3– H oxidation/ cyclization/dehydration sequence. The enhanced catalytic activity by doping could be attributed to the presence of trapping level generated by copper doping which augments the relaxation time of electron and holes so that they are easily available for the reaction. The method was also applicable for the synthesis of quinazolin-4(3H)-ones.
- Dandia, Anshu,Bansal, Sarika,Sharma, Ruchi,Kumar Mahawar, Dinesh,Rathore, Kuldeep S.,Lal Meena, Mohan,Parewa, Vijay
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- New synthesis method of thiabendazole
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The invention relates to a new synthetic route of a drug commonly named as thiabendazole. Thiazole-4-formaldehyde is used as a raw material, and is condensed with hydroxylamine hydrochloride to obtainthiazole-4-formaldoxime, thiazole-4-formaldoxime is subjected to chlorination by using NCS, and then reacts with aniline to obtain N-phenylthiazole-4-methylamine oxime, then N-phenylthiazole-4-methylamine oxime reacts with p-trifluoromethyl benzoyl chloride to obtain an amidoxime ester, and finally a visible-light-catalyzed free radical reaction is adopted for cyclization to obtain thiazole. According to the method, the visible-light-catalyzed free radical reaction is used to the synthesis of thiabendazole for the first time, the reaction conditions of a high temperature and a strong acid inthe traditional synthesis method are avoided, and thereby the reaction is greener and milder. The method has a broad spectrum, and can also be used for synthesis of imidazole compounds Ia-Ial.
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Paragraph 0026; 0035; 0036; 0037; 0038; 0158; 0159
(2020/02/20)
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- 2-ARYLBENZIMIDAZOLES AS PPARGC1A ACTIVATORS FOR TREATING NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASES
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A genus of compounds encompassed by formula (III) and their use is disclosed: Formula (III). The compounds activate Ppargc1a and, as a consequence, are useful for treating a variety of neurodegenerative diseases such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, frontotemporal degeneration, dementia with Lewy bodies, motor neuron diseases, and a demyelinating disease.
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Paragraph 85; 90
(2020/03/02)
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- Synthesis, bioevaluation and docking studies of some 2-phenyl-1H-benzimidazole derivatives as anthelminthic agents against the nematode Teladorsagia circumcincta
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Gastrointestinal nematode infections are the main diseases in herds of small ruminants. Resistance to the main established drugs has become a worldwide problem. The purpose of this study is to obtain and evaluate the in vitro ovicidal and larvicidal activity of some 2-phenylbenzimidazole derivatives on susceptible and resistant strains of Teladorsagia circumcincta. Compounds were prepared by known procedures from substituted o-phenylenediamines and arylaldehydes or intermediate sodium 1-hydroxyphenylmethanesulfonate derivatives. Egg Hatch Test (EHT), Larval Mortality Test (LMT) and Larval Migration Inhibition Test (LMIT) were used in the initial screening of compounds at 50 μM concentration, and EC50 values were determined for the most potent compounds. Cytotoxicity evaluation of compounds was conducted on human Caco-2 and HepG2 cell lines to calculate their Selectivity Indexes (SI). At 50 μM concentration, nine out of twenty-four compounds displayed more than 98% ovicidal activity on a susceptible strain, and four of them showed more than 86% on one resistant strain. The most potent ovicidal benzimidazole (BZ) 3 showed EC50 = 6.30 μM, for the susceptible strain, while BZ 2 showed the lowest EC50 value of 14.5 μM for the resistant strain. Docking studies of most potent compounds in a modelled Teladorsagia tubulin indicated an inverted orientation for BZ 1 in the colchicine binding site, probably due to its fair interaction with glutamic acid at codon 198, which could justify its inactivity against the resistant strain of T. circumcincta.
- Escala, Nerea,Valderas-García, Elora,Bardón, María álvarez,Gómez de Agüero, Verónica Castilla,Escarcena, Ricardo,López-Pérez, José Luis,Rojo-Vázquez, Francisco A.,San Feliciano, Arturo,Bala?a-Fouce, Rafael,Martínez-Valladares, María,Olmo, Esther del
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- An Efficient Greener Approach for N-acylation of Amines in Water Using Benzotriazole Chemistry
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A straightforward, mild and cost-efficient synthesis of various arylamides in water was accomplished using versatile benzotriazole chemistry. Acylation of various amines was achieved in water at room temperature as well as under microwave irradiation. The developed protocol unfolds the synthesis of amino acid aryl amides, drug conjugates and benzimidazoles. The environmentally friendly synthesis, short reaction time, simple workup, high yields, mild conditions and free of racemization are the key advantages of this protocol.
- Ibrahim, Tarek S.,Seliem, Israa A.,Panda, Siva S.,Al-Mahmoudy, Amany M.M.,Abdel-Samii, Zakaria K.M.,Alhakamy, Nabil A.,Asfour, Hani Z.,Elagawany, Mohamed
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- Benzimidazoles and benzothiazoles from styrenes and N-vinylimidazole via palladium catalysed oxidative C[dbnd]C and C[sbnd]N bond cleavage
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Herein we report a first, palladium catalyzed, one-pot methodology for the synthesis of pharmacologically important benzimidazoles and benzothiazoles from readily available terminal aromatic olefins. The process involves sequential C[dbnd]C/C[sbnd]N bond cleavage followed by C[sbnd]N/C[sbnd]S bond formation.
- Shaikh, Altab,Ravi, Owk,Pushpa Ragini,Sadhana, Nimma,Reddy Bathula, Surendar
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- Transforming Oxadiazolines through Nitrene Intermediates by Energy Transfer Catalysis: Access to Sulfoximines and Benzimidazoles
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Subtle differences in reaction conditions facilitated unprecedented photocatalytic reactions of oxadiazolines by energy transfer catalysis. A set of compounds, sulfoximines and benzimidazoles, were ingeniously prepared from oxadiazolines via nitrene intermediates by photocatalytic N-O/C-N bond cleavages. The synthesis of sulfoximines was realized through intermolecular N-S bond formation between nitrene intermediates and sulfoxides, whereas benzimidazoles were obtained via intramolecular aromatic substitution of the nitrene to the tethered aryl substituent.
- Park, Do Dam,Min, Kwan Hong,Kang, Jihee,Hwang, Ho Seong,Soni, Vineet Kumar,Cho, Cheon-Gyu,Cho, Eun Jin
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p. 1130 - 1134
(2020/02/15)
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- Method for generating nitrogen-containing heterocyclic ring products by catalyzing lignin and amino-containing compound with acid
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The invention provides a method for generating nitrogen-containing heterocyclic ring products by catalyzing lignin and an amino-containing compound with acid, belonging to the technical field of lignin degradation. According to the invention, lignin and the amino-containing compound are catalyzed by acid to directly generate the nitrogen heterocyclic derivatives in one step, and excellent yield (60-100%) is obtained in degradation of lignin; meanwhile, the method disclosed by the invention has high atom utilization rate; and in traditional degradation of lignin to generate benzaldehyde or benzoic acid, beta-C and gamma-C mostly generate byproducts such as formaldehyde, formic acid or carbon dioxide and cannot be fully utilized, but however, beta-C and gamma-C in lignin can generate nitrogen-containing heterocyclic ring products of the same series together with amino-containing compound raw materials according to the method in the invention, and the method has great application value inthe aspect of medicine.
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Paragraph 0122-0128
(2020/08/06)
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- Iron(0)-Catalyzed Transfer Hydrogenative Condensation of Nitroarenes with Alcohols: A Straightforward Approach to Benzoxazoles, Benzothiazoles, and Benzimidazoles
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The iron-catalyzed hydrogen transfer strategy has been applied to the redox condensation of o-hydroxynitrobenzene with alcohol, leading to the formation of benzoxazole derivatives. A wide range of 2-substituted benzoxazoles were synthesized in good to excellent yields without the addition of an external redox agent. A series of control experiments provided a plausible mechanism. Furthermore, the reaction system was successfully extended to the synthesis of benzothiazoles and benzimidazoles.
- Putta, Ramachandra Reddy,Chun, Simin,Choi, Seung Hyun,Lee, Seok Beom,Oh, Dong-Chan,Hong, Suckchang
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p. 15396 - 15405
(2020/12/02)
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- Visible-Light-Promoted Efficient Aerobic Dehydrogenation of N-Heterocycles by a Tiny Organic Semiconductor Under Ambient Conditions
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An efficient reusable catalytic system has been developed based on perylene diimide (PDI) organic semiconductor for the aerobic dehydrogenation of N-heterocycles with visible light. This practical catalytic system without any additives proceeds under ambient conditions. The minute aggregates of PDI molecules on the surface of SiO2 nanospheres form tiny organic semiconductors, resulting in high-efficiency photo-oxidative activity. Notably, the robustness of this method is demonstrated by the synthesis of a wide range of N-heteroarenes, gram-scale experiments as well as reusability tests.
- Su, Chenliang,Yu, Kunyi,Zhang, Hanjie,Zhu, Yongfa
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supporting information
p. 1956 - 1960
(2020/04/10)
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- Redox-Neutral Photocatalytic Radical Cascade Cyclization for the Synthesis of CH2CN/CF2COOEt/CF3-Containing Benzo[4,5]imidazo[2,1-a]isoquinolin-6(5 H)-One Derivatives
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A novel method for the synthesis of benzo[4,5]imidazo[2,1-A]isoquinolin derivatives via visible-light-induced radical cascade cyclization is described. By using N-methacryloyl-2-phenylbenzoimidazoles and diverse radical precursors, various benzo[4,5]imidazo[2,1-A]isoquinolin derivatives containing CH2CN/CF2COOEt/CF3 can be formed in good to excellent yields under mild reaction conditions. This method exhibits good functional group tolerance and a wide range of substrate scope.
- Liu, Liang,Yang, De-Yong,He, Yan-Hong,Guan, Zhi
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p. 11892 - 11901
(2020/10/23)
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- A one-pot synthesis of benzimidazoles via aerobic oxidative condensation of benzyl alcohols with o-phenylenediamines catalyzed by [MIMPs]+Cl-/NaNO2/TEMPO
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The ionic liquid 1-methyl-3-(3-sulfopropyl)imidazolium chloride ([MIMPs]+Cl-) in combination with 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl (TEMPO) and sodium nitrite (NaNO2) as a catalytic system demonstrates high efficiency in the one-pot two-step aerobic oxidative condensation of benzyl alcohols with 1,2-phenylenediamines to give benzimidazoles. Various benzimidazoles are obtained in good to excellent yields by this strategy.
- Geng, Zhenzhen,Zhang, Hong-Yu,Yin, Guohui,Zhang, Yuecheng,Zhao, Jiquan
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p. 557 - 565
(2020/03/30)
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- Synthesis of benzimidazoles by two methods (C–H functionalization and condensation reaction) catalyzed by α-zirconium hydrogen phosphate-based nanocatalyst
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In this report, two heterogeneous nanocatalysts based on α-zirconium hydrogen phosphate were applied. These heterogeneous catalysts have demonstrated the promising catalytic activity for the synthesis of 2-substituted benzimidazoles in two different methods. One of these reactions is the functionalization of the C–H bond and the formation of C–N bond, and the other reaction involves the condensation reaction between aldehydes and 1,2-phenylenediamine. The activity of both catalysts was compared in two methods, and the superior catalyst was introduced. The prepared catalysts are easily separated from the reaction mixture by centrifugation and reused several times without significant loss of activity.
- Hajipour, Abdol R.,Zakery, Saedeh,Khorsandi, Zahra
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p. 1919 - 1931
(2020/05/28)
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- Method for synthesizing benzimidazole compound through copper catalysis
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The invention relates to a method for synthesizing a benzimidazole compound by copper catalysis. The method comprises the following steps: dissolving o-phenylene diamine, benzyl alcohol or substitutedbenzyl alcohol in an organic solvent, adding a copper catalyst, carrying out reactions at a room temperature for 3-6 hours, and separating and purifying the reaction product to obtain the benzimidazole compound. Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages of simple and green synthesis process, excellent selectivity, high yield and wide substrate range, and has great application potential in drug synthesis, natural product synthesis and the like.
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Paragraph 0029-0031
(2020/05/05)
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- Direct synthesis of 2-substituted benzimidazoles: Via dehydrogenative coupling of aromatic-diamine and primary alcohol catalyzed by a Co complex
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A Co(ii) complex with a stable structure was designed and synthesized with quinalic acid and Co (OAc)2·4H2O. The single crystal structure of the complex was characterized by X-ray diffraction. A dehydrogenative coupling of aromatic diamines and primary alcohols was developed by using the Co(ii) complex as the catalyst to synthesize 2-substituted benzimidazole. A series of 2-substituted benzimidazoles were obtained with good to excellent yields under mild reaction conditions. In addition, a compound with inhibitory Parkinson's activity was synthesized on a gram-scale by using this method. Finally, the reaction mechanism was proposed and the energy changes in the reaction process were simulated by density functional theory (DFT).
- Zuo, Minghui,Guo, Weihao,Pang, Yucheng,Guo, Rui,Hou, Chuanfu,Sun, Shouneng,Wu, Hongfeng,Sun, Zhizhong,Chu, Wenyi
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p. 14490 - 14495
(2020/10/03)
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- Solvent-Free N-Alkylation and Dehydrogenative Coupling Catalyzed by a Highly Active Pincer-Nickel Complex
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The synthesis and characterization of a pincer-nickel complex of the type (iPr2NNN)NiCl2(CH3CN) is reported here. We have demonstrated the utility of this pincer-nickel complex (0.02 and 0.002 mol %) for the catalytic N-alkylation of amines using various alcohols. Under solvent-free conditions, while the highest yield (ca. 90%) was obtained for the alkylation of 2-aminopyridine with naphthyl-1-methanol, excellent turnovers (34000 TONs) were observed for the alkylation of 2-aminopyridine with 4-methoxybenzyl alcohol. To demonstrate the synthetic utility of these systems, high-yield reactions (up to 98%) have been probed for representative substrates with a higher loading of the pincer-nickel catalyst (4 mol %). DFT studies indicate that while β-hydride elimination is the RDS for alcohol dehydrogenation, the N-alkylated product can be formed either via hydrogenation with a rate-determining σ-bond metathesis or by alcoholysis that has imine insertion as the RDS. All of the corresponding resting states have been observed by HRMS (ESI) analysis. The labeling experiments are also complementary to DFT studies and show evidence for the involvement of the benzylic C-H bond in the RDS with a kCHH/kCHD value of about 2.5. This method has been applied to accomplish efficient (2000 TONs) dehydrogenative coupling leading to various benzimidazoles.
- Arora, Vinay,Dutta, Moumita,Das, Kanu,Das, Babulal,Srivastava, Hemant Kumar,Srivastava, Hemant Kumar,Kumar, Akshai,Kumar, Akshai
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p. 2162 - 2176
(2020/06/05)
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- Sulfur/DABCO Promoted Reductive Coupling/Annulation Cascade Reaction between o -Hydroxy/Amino Nitrobenzenes and Benzaldehydes
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Sulfur/DABCO was found to be an efficient reagent in promoting- the reductive coupling/annulation of o -nitrophenols or o -nitroanilines with benzaldehydes. This method represents a simple, straightforward, and green approach to the construction of benz-oxazoles and benzimidazoles.
- Dang, Minh-Huy Dinh,Nguyen, Linh Ho Thuy,Tran, Phuong Hoang
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supporting information
p. 1687 - 1694
(2020/05/25)
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- Development of homogeneous polyamine organocatalyst for the synthesis of 2-aryl-substituted benzimidazole and benzoxazole derivatives
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A new polyamine was prepared by the ring opening polymerization of epichlorohydrin and properly characterized. The catalytic property of the prepared polymer was assessed by synthesizing 2-aryl-substituted benzimidazole and benzoxazole derivatives by the conjugation of o-phenylenediamine/o-aminophenol with various aromatic aldehydes in the presence of atmospheric oxygen. Significant attributes of the present synthesis include short reaction time, good to excellent yield, high purity, easy reusability, and room temperature reaction. The reaction was carried out in the absence of any metal catalyst and other cooxidants.
- Kottayil, Hiba,Machingal, Shaibuna,Parackal B., Sherly mole,Alungal M., Shebitha,Theresa, Letcy V.,Govindan, Avudaiappan,Krishnapillai, Sreekumar
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p. 3310 - 3317
(2020/07/17)
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- Formation of Amidinyl Radicals via Visible-Light-Promoted Reduction of N-Phenyl Amidoxime Esters and Application to the Synthesis of 2-Substituted Benzimidazoles
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We have developed a new method for the synthesis of 2-substituted benzimidazoles via amidinyl radicals generated by visible-light-promoted reduction of N-phenyl amidoxime esters in the presence of an iridium photocatalyst. This is the first report of the use of N-phenyl amidoxime esters as amidinyl radical precursors, and the first use of substituted benzene rings as amidinyl radical acceptors. This method widens the application range of substrates and overcomes the shortcomings of the traditional methods for the synthesis of 2-substituted benzimidazoles, which requires harsh reaction conditions, involves difficult-to-prepare substituted o-phenylenediamine substrates, and produces acidic waste.
- Li, Gang,He, Ru,Liu, Qiang,Wang, Ziwen,Liu, Yuxiu,Wang, Qingmin
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p. 8646 - 8660
(2019/07/08)
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- Synthesis and characterization of a new poly(N–heterocyclic carbene Cu complex) immobilized on nano–silica, (CuII–NHCs)n@nSiO2, and its application as an efficient and reusable catalyst in the synthesis of benzimidazoles,
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The present study describes the synthesis and characterization of a new poly(N–heterocyclic carbene Cu complex) immobilized on nano silica, (CuII–NHCs)n@nSiO2. The (CuII–NHCs)n@nSiO2 dendri
- Khajehzadeh, Mostafa,Moghadam, Majid,Jamehbozorgi, Saeed
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p. 173 - 189
(2018/10/21)
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- Visible light promoted PANI@Au:CuO catalyzed sequential amination, azidation and annulation for the preparation of 2-arylbenzimidazoles
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Supramolecular assemblies of pentacenequinone derivative 4 act as reactors, reducing agents and shape directing agents for the preparation of PANI@Au:CuO nanocomposites (NCS). The as-prepared PANI@Au:CuO NCS serve as recyclable photocatalysts to construct 2-arylbenzimidazole derivatives under mild conditions through sequential amination, azidation and annulation reactions (visible light irradiation, room temperature and aerial conditions). The present protocol emphasizes the role of assemblies of the pentacenequinone derivative as visible light harvesting materials as well as oxidants in multiple C-N bond formation reactions. To our delight, the reaction also worked well under natural sunlight. The mechanistic studies supported the in situ generation of H2O2 during the reaction. Further, a portable paper based "dip catalyst" has been developed for carrying out sequential amination, azidation and annulation reactions.
- Chopra, Radhika,Kumar, Manoj,Neelam,Bhalla, Vandana
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supporting information
p. 3666 - 3674
(2019/07/09)
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- Zirconium based porous coordination polymer (PCP) bearing organocatalytic ligand: A promising dual catalytic center for ultrasonic heterocycle synthesis
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Herein, the efficient role of ultrasonic irradiation both in synthesis of Zr based porous coordination polymer (Zr-PCP) nanoparticles and boosting its catalytic activity, towards the benzimidazoles synthesis is represented. We use an amine based ligand (amino-terephthalate) for PCP and we exhibit that it can have a synergistic catalytic activity. In this work, a unique nano-engineering of cooperative and synergistic catalytic activity of zirconium, as a Lewis acid, and aminophenylene, as an organocatalyst, in the synthesis of heterocycles is presented for the synthesis of benzimidazole from cascade reaction of phenylene diamine with aldehyde at ambient temperature. Zr and amine groups of the Zr-PCP are active catalytic sites which in combination with the ultrasonic irradiation leads to a high selectivity and rapid catalytic production of benzylimidazoles. N2 adsorption-desorption along with BJH analyses confirm the microporosity of the catalyst and recyclability shows that the catalyst is green and sustainable heterogeneous microporous catalyst.
- Panahi, Paria,Nouruzi, Nasrin,Doustkhah, Esmail,Mohtasham, Hamed,Ahadi, Arefeh,Ghiasi-Moaser, Azra,Rostamnia, Sadegh,Mahmoudi, Ghodrat,Khataee, Alireza
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- Method for preparing benzimidazole and quinazoline compounds by adopting supported nickel catalyst (by machine translation)
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The invention discloses a method for synthesizing benzimidazole and quinazoline compounds by oxidative coupling and dehydrogenation of a nitrogen-doped hierarchical porous biomass-based carbon material supported catalyst and a preparation method. The method comprises the following steps: adding o-phenylenediamine compound, alcohol, supported catalyst, toluene and potassium tert-butoxide as a solvent, carrying out reaction under 50~150 °C conditions, carrying out reaction 4~24 hours, cooling to room temperature, filtering the reaction liquid, and obtaining a benzimidazole compound or quinazoline compound. The method adopts "one-pot method" preparation, the intermediate can be separated and purified, energy consumption can be reduced, and the efficiency. (by machine translation)
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Paragraph 0054-0056; 0057; 0059
(2019/07/16)
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- Microwave use of amidine compounds in the aqueous phase benzoate synthesis of benzimidazole compounds method
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The invention discloses a microwave the use of amidine compounds in the aqueous phase benzoate synthesis of benzimidazole compounds, in the aqueous phase under microwave conditions adding benzoic amidine compound under alkaline condition [...] into benzimidazole reaction, invention an environment-friendly, the operation is simple, cheap and safe, efficient process for preparing benzimidazole method. Compared with the prior art, this method not only can be applied to a large number of functional groups, the productive rate is high, few by-products, and the operation is simple, safe, low cost, environmental protection; .
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Paragraph 0039
(2019/03/28)
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- Method used for rapid preparation of benzo-heterocycle compound with physical grinding under solvent-free room temperature conditions
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The invention discloses a method used for rapid preparation of benzo-heterocycle compound with physical grinding under solvent-free room temperature conditions. According to the method, glacial aceticacid is taken as a catalyst; at solvent-free room temperature conditions, physical grinding is adopted, reaction of 2-substituted arylamines (2-mercapto arylamine, 2-aminophenol, and o-phenylenediamine) and aromatic aldehydes is carried out using physical grinding. The method is friendly to the environment, is simple in operation, is safe, is low in cost, and is high in efficiency. Compared withthe prior art, the advantages are that: the method is suitable for a large amount of functional groups, yield is high, less by-product is generated, operation is simple, the method is safe, cost is low, and the method is friendly to the environment.
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Paragraph 0018; 0025
(2019/01/21)
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