366496-33-5Relevant articles and documents
Synthesis and photovoltaic properties of copolymers with a fluoro quinoxaline unit
Song, Suhee,Kim, Seungmin,Kim, Wonjun,Park, Seong Soo,Park, Sung Heum,Jin, Youngeup
, p. 821 - 830 (2018/02/06)
Two novel accepter units, namely, difluoroquinoxaline and monofluoroquinoxaline, were prepared and used for the synthesis of the conjugated polymers containing electron donor–acceptor pairs for use in organic photovoltaics. The introduction of a fluorine atom into the quinoxaline moiety resulted in polymers with lowered highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) energy levels; this increased the open circuit voltage of the devices based on the synthesized polymers. The conjugated polymers containing difluoroquinoxaline and monofluoroquinoxaline, namely, thiophene and benzodithiophene, were synthesized using the Stille polymerization reaction to produce PEHBQxF2, PEHBQxF1, PEHBDTQxF2, and PEHBDTQxF1. The HOMO energy levels of PEHBQxF2, PEHBQxF1, PEHBDTQxF2, and PEHBDTQxF1 were determined to be ?5.66, ?5.52, ?5.54, and ?5.39 eV, respectively. The device with PEHBDTQxF2/PC71BM (1:2, w/w) and containing diiodooctane (3 vol %) exhibited the best photovoltaic performance, with its VOC being 0.79 V, JSC being 10.44 mA/cm2, FF being 68%, and PCE being 5.58%.
Effect of fluorination pattern and extent on the properties of PCDTBT derivatives
Cartwright, Luke,Yi, Hunan,Iraqi, Ahmed
, p. 1655 - 1662 (2016/02/19)
Herein, we report the synthesis of a series of fluorinated dithienyl carbazole-alt-benzothiadiazoles (PCDTBT analogues) and the characterisation of their optical, electrochemical, thermal and molecular organisation in the solid state. The polymers were decorated with fluorine on either the benzothiadiazole unit, carbazole unit or both to yield PCDTffBT, PCffDTBT and PCffDTffBT, respectively. The copolymers displayed decomposition temperatures in excess of 350°C. PCDTffBT, PCffDTBT and PCffDTffBT displayed optical band gaps of 1.86, 1.82 and 1.88 eV, respectively. It was speculated this was a consequence of the higher molecular weight of PCffDTBT relative to the other polymers. PCffDTBT and PCffDTffBT displayed shallower HOMO levels relative to PCDTffBT; a consequence of fluorinating the carbazole-donor moiety. XRD studies confirmed that fluorinating the benzothiadiazole-acceptor moiety improves molecular ordering by promoting π-π stacking of polymer backbones in solid state. Interestingly, fluorinating the carbazole-donor unit does not improve π-π stacking of polymer backbones.
Increased open circuit voltage in fluorinated benzothiadiazole-based alternating conjugated polymers
Zhang, Yong,Chien, Shang-Chieh,Chen, Kung-Shih,Yip, Hin-Lap,Sun, Ying,Davies, Joshua A.,Chen, Fang-Chung,Jen, Alex K.-Y.
supporting information; experimental part, p. 11026 - 11028 (2011/11/05)
Small band-gap conjugated polymers based on monofluoro- and difluoro-substituted benzothiadiazole were developed. Highly efficient polymer solar cells (PCE as high as 5.40%) could be achieved for devices made from these polymers.
Regioselective synthesis of benzimidazole thiophene inhibitors of polo-like kinase 1
Hornberger, Keith R.,Badiang, Jennifer G.,Salovich, James M.,Kuntz, Kevin W.,Emmitte, Kyle A.,Cheung, Mui
supporting information; body text, p. 6348 - 6351 (2009/04/07)
A regioselective synthesis of novel 1-(2-thienyl)-benzimidazole inhibitors of polo-like kinase 1 is described. Amination of substituted 2-iodo or -bromo nitrobenzenes with a 2-aminothiophene derivative catalyzed by Pd2dba3 and XANTPH
REGIOSELECTIVE PROCESS FOR PREPARING BENZIMIDAZOLE THIOPHENES
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Page/Page column 121-122, (2010/11/26)
The present invention provides a process for preparing benzimidazole thiophene compounds of formula I. Intermediates used in the process are also claimed.
Synthesis of polybrominated diphenyl ethers and their capacity to induce CYP1A by the Ah receptor mediated pathway
Chen,Konstantinov,Chittim,Joyce,Bols,Bunce
, p. 3749 - 3756 (2007/10/03)
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) have become widely distributed as environmental contaminants due to their use as flame retardants. Their structural similarity to other halogenated aromatic pollutants has led to speculation that they might share toxicological properties such as hepatic enzyme induction. In this work we synthesized a number of PBDE congeners, studied their affinity for rat hepatic Ah receptor through competitive binding assays, and determined their ability to induce hepatic cytochrome P-450 enzymes by means of EROD (ethoxyre-sorufin-O-deethylase) assays in human, rat, chick, and rainbow trout cells. Both pure PBDE congeners and commercial PBDE mixtures had Ah receptor binding affinities 10-2-10-5 times that of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin. In contrast with polychlorinated biphenyls, Ah receptor binding affinities of PBDEs could not be related to the planarity of the molecule, possibly because the large size of the bromine atoms expands the Ah receptor's binding site. EROD activities of the PBDE congeners followed a similar rank order in all cells. Some congeners, notably PBDE 85, did not follow the usual trend in which strength of Ah receptor binding affinity paralleled P-450 induction potency. Use of the gel retardation assay with a synthetic oligonucleotide indicated that in these cases the liganded Ah receptor failed to bind to the DNA recognition sequence.