4593-90-2Relevant articles and documents
Asymmetric conjugate addition reaction using pyrazole derivatives as a chiral catalyst
Kashima, Choji,Yokoyama, Hiroyo,Shibata, Saori,Fujisawa, Kiyoshi,Nishio, Takehiko
, p. 717 - 719 (2003)
The conjugate addition of Grignard reagent (2) onto 1-(α,β -unsaturated)acyl 3,5-dimethylpyrazole (1) was enantioselectively catalyzed by the copper complex from cuprous compounds and 3-phenyl-l-menthopyrazole (3).
Pd(II)-Catalyzed Pyridine N -Oxides Directed Arylation of Unactivated Csp3-H Bonds
Liu, Jianzhong,Xie, Ying,Zeng, Wei,Lin, Dongen,Deng, Yuanfu,Lu, Xiaoxia
, p. 4618 - 4626 (2015)
A novel Pd(II)-catalyzed pyridine N-oxide directed remote arylation of unactivated Csp3-H bonds in aliphatic amides with aryl iodides has been developed. This protocol allows installing various aryl groups at the β- or γ-Csp3 atom of alkyl carboxylic acid amides. The key palladabicyclic intermediate of this transformation has been identified by HR-MS and 1H NMR method. (Chemical Equation Presented).
Efficient asymmetric transfer hydrogenation of activated olefins catalyzed by ruthenium amido complexes
Chen, Ying-Chun,Xue, Dong,Deng, Jin-Gen,Cui, Xin,Zhu, Jin,Jiang, Yao-Zhong
, p. 1555 - 1558 (2004)
The asymmetric transfer hydrogenation of activated olefins with chiral ruthenium amido complexes (Noyori catalyst) using formic acid-triethylamine azeotrope as hydrogen source resulted in excellent yields and high enantioselectivities (up to 88.5%).
Chemoselective reduction of ?,￠-unsaturated carbonyl and carboxylic compounds by hydrogen iodide
Matsumoto, Shoji,Marumoto, Hayato,Akazome, Motohiro,Otani, Yasuhiko,Kaiho, Tatsuo
, p. 590 - 599 (2021/03/29)
The selective reduction of ?,￠-unsaturated carbonyl compounds was achieved to produce saturated carbonyl compounds with aqueous HI solution. The introduction of an aryl group at an ? or ￠ position efficiently facilitated the reduction with good yield. The reaction was applicable to compounds bearing carboxylic acids and halogen atoms. Through the investigation of the reaction mechanism, it was found that Michael-type addition of iodide occurred to produce ￠-iodo compounds followed by the reduction of C-I bond via anionic and radical paths.
Asymmetric conjugate addition reactions with chiral oxadiazinones: Unusual conformational properties of the oxadiazinones
Obe, Fatima Olayemi,Davis, Ryan A.,Spurlock, Jennifer,Grunloh Barnes, Morgan M.,Lindvall, Tyler,Wendorf, Micah S.,Delach, Christina,Ferrence, Gregory M.,Standard, Jean M.,Hitchcock, Shawn R.
, (2021/02/26)
A series of Ephedra based oxadiazinones have been prepared, acylated, and examined in the asymmetric conjugate addition reaction with Grignard reagents in the presence of copper(I) bromide-dimethyl sulfide complex. The highest diastereoselectivity that was obtained in the conjugate addition reaction was observed with the (1R,2S)-ephedrine based N4-methyloxadiazinone (5:1 d.r.) favoring the formation of the (S)-configuration of the conjugate addition product. Efforts to enhance the level of diastereoselection via increasing the steric volume of the stereo-directing N4-substituent of the oxadiazinone (N4- = p-methoxyphenyl or -isopropyl) led to an observed decrease in the level of diastereoselection. A computational study was conducted to examine the conformations adopted by the N4-methyloxadiazinone vs. the N4-isopropyl-oxadiazinone that yielded the lower diastereoselectivity. An argument is made for the stereoelectronic properties of the N4-substituent being the cause of both the moderate diastereoselectivity and the unexpected facial preference for the conjugate addition.
Photoredox Activation of Formate Salts: Hydrocarboxylation of Alkenes via Carboxyl Group Transfer
Huang, Yan,Hou, Jing,Zhan, Le-Wu,Zhang, Qian,Tang, Wan-Ying,Li, Bin-Dong
, p. 15004 - 15012 (2021/12/14)
A photoredox activation mode of formate salts for carboxylation was developed. Using a formate salt as the reductant, carbonyl source, and hydrogen atom transfer reagent, a wide range of alkenes can be converted into acid products via a carboxyl group tra
Photoinduced Hydrocarboxylation via Thiol-Catalyzed Delivery of Formate across Activated Alkenes
Alektiar, Sara N.,Wickens, Zachary K.
supporting information, p. 13022 - 13028 (2021/09/03)
Herein we disclose a new photochemical process to prepare carboxylic acids from formate salts and alkenes. This redox-neutral hydrocarboxylation proceeds in high yields across diverse functionalized alkene substrates with excellent regioselectivity. This operationally simple procedure can be readily scaled in batch at low photocatalyst loading (0.01% photocatalyst). Furthermore, this new reaction can leverage commercially available formate carbon isotologues to enable the direct synthesis of isotopically labeled carboxylic acids. Mechanistic studies support the working model involving a thiol-catalyzed radical chain process wherein the atoms from formate are delivered across the alkene substrate via CO2?- as a key reactive intermediate.
Cobalt-Catalyzed Asymmetric Hydrogenation of α,β-Unsaturated Carboxylic Acids by Homolytic H2 Cleavage
Chirik, Paul J.,Shevlin, Michael,Zhong, Hongyu
supporting information, (2020/03/13)
The asymmetric hydrogenation of α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acids using readily prepared bis(phosphine) cobalt(0) 1,5-cyclooctadiene precatalysts is described. Di-, tri-, and tetra-substituted acrylic acid derivatives with various substitution patterns as well as dehydro-α-amino acid derivatives were hydrogenated with high yields and enantioselectivities, affording chiral carboxylic acids including Naproxen, (S)-Flurbiprofen, and a d-DOPA precursor. Turnover numbers of up to 200 were routinely obtained. Compatibility with common organic functional groups was observed with the reduced cobalt(0) precatalysts, and protic solvents such as methanol and isopropanol were identified as optimal. A series of bis(phosphine) cobalt(II) bis(pivalate) complexes, which bear structural similarity to state-of-the-art ruthenium(II) catalysts, were synthesized, characterized, and proved catalytically competent. X-band EPR experiments revealed bis(phosphine)cobalt(II) bis(carboxylate)s were generated in catalytic reactions and were identified as catalyst resting states. Isolation and characterization of a cobalt(II)-substrate complex from a stoichiometric reaction suggests that alkene insertion into the cobalt hydride occurred in the presence of free carboxylic acid, producing the same alkane enantiomer as that from the catalytic reaction. Deuterium labeling studies established homolytic H2 (or D2) activation by Co(0) and cis addition of H2 (or D2) across alkene double bonds, reminiscent of rhodium(I) catalysts but distinct from ruthenium(II) and nickel(II) carboxylates that operate by heterolytic H2 cleavage pathways.
Synthesis method of succinic acid derivative or 3 -arylpropionic acid (by machine translation)
-
Paragraph 0101-0114; 0115; 0151, (2020/10/30)
The invention discloses a synthesis method of a succinic acid derivative or 3 -arylpropionic acid, which comprises the following steps: adding a base in a drying reaction tube and CO removing CO. 2 The reaction is carried out under the irradiation of visible light, the reaction is carried out under visible light irradiation, and then separation and purification are carried out to obtain the butanedioic acid derivative or 3 -arylpropionic acid product; the base comprises sodium tert-butoxide, potassium tert-butoxide, lithium tert-butyl alcohol and 4 - potassium carbonate; and the reaction substrate comprises an acrylate compound or an aryl vinyl compound. CO can be induced by visible light. 2 The scheme provided by the invention is mild in reaction condition and wide in reaction 3 - substrate selectivity, and the reaction substrate is wide in selectivity, the raw materials are cheap and easily available, and the method has a good industrial application prospect. (by machine translation)
Folding Assessment of Incorporation of Noncanonical Amino Acids Facilitates Expansion of Functional-Group Diversity for Enzyme Engineering
Drienovská, Ivana,Gajdo?, Matú?,Kindler, Alexia,Takhtehchian, Mahsa,Darnhofer, Barbara,Birner-Gruenberger, Ruth,D?rr, Mark,Bornscheuer, Uwe T.,Kourist, Robert
supporting information, p. 12338 - 12342 (2020/09/07)
Protein design is limited by the diversity of functional groups provided by the canonical protein ?building blocks“. Incorporating noncanonical amino acids (ncAAs) into enzymes enables a dramatic expansion of their catalytic features. For this, quick identification of fully translated and correctly folded variants is decisive. Herein, we report the engineering of the enantioselectivity of an esterase utilizing several ncAAs. Key for the identification of active and soluble protein variants was the use of the split-GFP method, which is crucial as it allows simple determination of the expression levels of enzyme variants with ncAA incorporations by fluorescence. Several identified variants led to improved enantioselectivity or even inverted enantiopreference in the kinetic resolution of ethyl 3-phenylbutyrate.
