557-05-1

Basic information

• Product Name: Zinc stearate
• Synonyms: Afco-chem ZNS;ai3-00388;Antidust 2;caswellno926;Coad;Dermarone;Dibasic zinc stearate;dibasiczincstearate
• CAS NO: 557-05-1
• Molecular Formula: 2C₁₈H₃₅O₂*Zn
• Molecular Weight: 632.33
• EINECS: 209-151-9
• Product Categories: Organic-metal salt;Dusting powder.;Food additives
• Mol File: 557-05-1.mol

Chemical Properties

• Melting Point: 128-130 °C(lit.)
• Boiling Point: 359.4 °C at 760 mmHg
• Flash Point: 180℃
• Appearance: White/Powder
• Density: 1.095g/cm3
• Vapor Pressure: 8.58E-06mmHg at 25°C
• Storage Temp.: Inert atmosphere,Room Temperature
• Solubility: alcohol: insoluble(lit.)
• Water Solubility: Insoluble
• Stability: Stable. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents.
• Merck: 14,10158
• BRN: 3919706
• CAS DataBase Reference: Zinc stearate(CAS DataBase Reference)
• NIST Chemistry Reference: Zinc stearate(557-05-1)
• EPA Substance Registry System: Zinc stearate(557-05-1)

Safety Data

• Hazard Codes: Xi
• Statements: 37
• Safety Statements: 22-26-36/37/39-38-24/25
• RTECS: ZH5200000
• TSCA: Yes
• Hazardous Substances Data: 557-05-1(Hazardous Substances Data)

Usage

Outline

Zinc stearate is white light fine powder. Formula is ZN (C17H35COO) 2, molecular structure is? RCOOZnOOCR (R is alkyl group of industry stearate), it is combustible, specific gravity is 1.095, ignition point is 900℃, density is 1.095, melting point is 130℃, it has creamy feel. It is insoluble in water, alcohol, ether, soluble in hot ethanol, turpentine, benzene and other organic solvents and acids. Zinc stearate is heated and dissolved in organic solvent, when exposes cold, it becomes jelly, when meets strong acid, it can decompose into stearic acid and corresponding zinc. It has lubricity, hygroscopic, non-toxic, slightly irritating, non-polluting, non-hazardous properties. For zinc stearate is dissolved in benzene and calcium stearate is benzene-insoluble, it is possible to separate the calcium stearate and zinc stearate. Zinc stearate is not soluble in polar solvents, but when be heated, it is high dissolved in aromatic compound agent chlorinated hydrocarbons. The main application areas are plastics and rubber industry, it is used as lubricant and release agent for excellent compatibility.

Uses

Different sources of media describe the Uses of 557-05-1 differently. You can refer to the following data:
1. 1. Zinc stearate can be used as rubber products soften lubricants, textiles lighting agent, PVC stabilizers. 2. It can be used as stabilizer in polyvinyl chloride plastics, rubber softener. 3. Zinc stearate can be used in the pharmaceutical industry, preparation of solidified oil and lubricants, it can be also used as paint drying agent. Non-toxic products for PVC and rubber processing, the synergy of calcium stearate and barium stearate can effectively improve PVC and rubber for light and heat stability, PVC processing amount is usually <1; it can be used for touch agent of rubber products, it can also be used as polymeric additive of PP, PE, PS, EPS and pencil manufacturing, it is generally used in the amount of 1 to 3 parts.
2. Used in Rubber, Plastic, Poyester, Abbrasive, Coating, Printing Inks and PVC Industry.
3. In tablet manufacture; in cosmetic and pharmaceutical powders and ointments; as a flatting and sanding agent in lacquers; as a drying lubricant and dusting agent for rubber; as a plastic mold releasing agent; as a waterproofing agent for concrete, rock wool, paper, textiles.
4. zinc stearate is used in cosmetic formulations to increase adhesive properties. It is also used as a coloring agent. This is a mixture of the zinc salts of stearic and palmitic acids.

How to remove residual zinc stearate of aluminum surface processing

It is generally used polish manner to treat residual zinc stearate. It maybe damage the substrate when uses lure acid.

Product Features

Zinc stearate has good thermal stability, initial stage stainability is small, it has good light stability and it has synergy effect with calcium stearate and barium stearate, it has foam effect and it can be used as foaming aid in foam products, it can be used as the lubricant of cosmetic face powder. Glue the pink plastic lubricants. Zinc stearate is used as PVC stabilizers. When coordinates with barium-cadmium soap, it is mainly used in soft products, characteristic is that it can restrain initial coloration and avoid sulfide pollution. Zinc stearate can also be used styrene (polystyrene and ABC, SAN resins), phenolic resins, amino resins and plastics and other heat-curing polyester plasticizer, lubricant and release agent of transparent products. In the rubber industry, it can be used as rubber lubricants and anti-blocking agent, curing catalyst media activator. It can be used as lighting agent of textile products. It can be used as flatting agent in enamel paint industry.

Chemical Properties

Different sources of media describe the Chemical Properties of 557-05-1 differently. You can refer to the following data:
1. white powder with fatty acid odour
2. Zinc stearate occurs as a fine, white, bulky, hydrophobic powder, free from grittiness and with a faint characteristic odor.

Application

It is widely used as a release agent for the production of many kinds of objects rubber, poly urethane, poly ester processing system, powder metallurgy. These applications exploit its "non-stick" properties . In cosmetics, zinc stearate is a lubricant and thickening to improve texture. It is an "activator" for rubber vulcanization by sulfur and accelerators. As discovered in the early days of vulcanization, zinc has a beneficial effect on the reaction of the sulfur with the polyolefin. The stearate is a form of zinc that is highly soluble in the nonpolar medium of the poly olefins. Being lipophilic, it functions as a phase transfer catalyst for the saponification of fats.

Production Methods

An aqueous solution of zinc sulfate is added to sodium stearate solution to precipitate zinc stearate. The zinc stearate is then washed with water and dried. Zinc stearate may also be prepared from stearic acid and zinc chloride.

General Description

White, hydrophobic powder with a slight, characteristic odor. Mp: 130°C. Density: 1.1 g cm-3. Insoluble in water, ethyl alcohol and diethyl ether. Soluble in acids. Non-toxic. In technical grades, the percentage of zinc may vary according to the intended use. Products with less than the theoretical amount of zinc are more acidic.

Reactivity Profile

Zinc stearate is non-flammable but combustible. Incompatible with oxidizing agents, dilute acids. Emits acrid smoke and fumes of ZnO when heated to decomposition (Hazardous Chemicals Desk Reference, p. 865 (1987)).

Flammability and Explosibility

Notclassified

Pharmaceutical Applications

Zinc stearate is primarily used in pharmaceutical formulations as a lubricant in tablet and capsule manufacture at concentrations up to 1.5% w/w. It has also been used as a thickening and opacifying agent in cosmetic and pharmaceutical creams, and as a dusting powder.

Safety Profile

Poison by intratracheal route. Inhalation of zinc stearate has been reported as causing pulmonary fibrosis. A nuisance dust. Combustible when exposed to heat or flame. To fight fire, use water, foam, CO2, dry chemical. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of ZnO. See also ZINC COMPOUNDS.

Safety

Zinc stearate is used in oral and topical pharmaceutical formulations, and is generally regarded as a nontoxic and nonirritant excipient. However, following inhalation, it has been associated with fatal pneumonitis, particularly in infants. As a result, zinc stearate has now been removed from baby dusting powders. LD50 (rat, IP): 0.25 g/kg

storage

Zinc stearate is stable and should be stored in a well-closed container in a cool, dry place.

Incompatibilities

Zinc stearate is decomposed by dilute acids. It is incompatible with strong oxidizing agents.

InChI:InChI=1/2C18H36O2.Zn/c2*1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12-13-14-15-16-17-18(19)20;/h2*2-17H2,1H3,(H,19,20);

Synthetic route

stearic acid (57-11-4) → zinc stearate (557-05-1)

Conditions	Yield
With zinc(II) oxide; citric acid In water at 60 - 70℃; for 0.5h;	100%
With zinc(II) oxide; hydroxypropyl methylcellulose; citric acid In water at 65 - 75℃; for 1h;	100%
With Tergitol 15-S-7; zinc(II) oxide; hydroxypropyl methylcellulose; citric acid In water at 55 - 70℃; for 0.25 - 1h;	99.1%

stearic acid (57-11-4) + zinc(II) oxide → zinc stearate (557-05-1)

Conditions	Yield
In solid byproducts: H2O; High Pressure; synthesized by intense high-pressure shear treatment (Usp. Khim., 2001, vol. 70, no. 1, pp. 72-87);	97%
In ethanol prepn. by refluxing ZnO with excess of carboxylic acid in EtOH for about2 h; cooled; ppt. filtered off; washed (EtOH) repeatedly; collected; kept over silica gel in vac. desiccator; elem. anal.;	85%
Stage #1: stearic acid; zinc(II) oxide With dihydrogen peroxide at 130 - 160℃; for 1.5h; Stage #2: Reagent/catalyst;
at 130 - 170℃; under 1575.16 Torr; for 0.75h;

zinc(II) acetate dihydrate (5970-45-6) + stearic acid (57-11-4) → zinc stearate (557-05-1)

Conditions	Yield
In neat (no solvent) byproducts: CH3COOH; stoich. mixt. stirred at 180°C (thermotstated oil reactor) for 3 h; CH3COOH stripped by N2 stream, collected in condensor;	64%

tetramethyl ammonium stearate (55489-71-9) + (Zn(S2P(OC6H4Me-p)2)2) (74895-05-9) → tetramethylammonium bis(OO'-di-p-tolyl dithiophosphato-S) (OO'-di-p-tolyl dithiophosphato-SS')zincate (77451-12-8) + (NMe4)(S2P(OC6H4Me-p)2)

Conditions	Yield
In isopropyl alcohol soln. (NMe4)(OCOC17H35) in propan-2-ol added slowly with stirring to (Zn(S2P(OC6H4Me-p)2)2) in propan-2-ol; ppt. (zinc stearate) filtered off, soln. allowed to stand at room temp.for 24 h, (NMe4)(Zn(S2P(OC6H4Me-p)2)3) filtered off, mother-liquor evapd. in vacuo - (NMe4)(S2P(OC6H4Me-p)2);	A 25% B n/a C 30%

bis(diethyldithiophosphinato)zinc (2512-59-6) + tetraethylammonium stearate (27325-75-3) → tetraethylammonium diphenyldithiophosphinate (146576-10-5) + tetraethylammonium bis(diphenyldithiophosphinato-S) (diphenyldithiophosphinato-SS')zincate (77259-18-8) + zinc stearate (557-05-1)

Conditions	Yield
In acetone mixt. (Zn(S2PPh2)2) and (NEt4)(OCOC17H35) in acetone refluxed for 24 h; ppt. (zinc stearate) filtered off, soln. allowed to stand at room temp.for 24 h, (NEt4)(Zn(S2PPh2)3) filtered off, mother-liquor evapd. in vacuo - (NEt4)(S2PPh2);	A 15% B 20% C n/a

ZnO-copper oxide + stearic acid (57-11-4) → zinc stearate (557-05-1)

Conditions	Yield
at 75℃;

stearic acid (57-11-4) + zinc(II) sulfate (7733-02-0) → zinc stearate (557-05-1)

Conditions	Yield
With potassium hydroxide In ethanol; water KOH aq. soln. was added dropwise to stearic acid ethanol soln. slowly and stirred 2 h, zinc sulphonate aq. soln. was added, stirred for 2 h; refrigerator for 1 night, ppt. was filtered, washed with distilled water, ethanol, acetone, recrystd. from benzene, dried under vac. at 60°C over night;

stearic acid (57-11-4) + zinc(II) chloride (7646-85-7) → zinc stearate (557-05-1)

Conditions	Yield
In sodium hydroxide acid dissolved at 80°C, an aq. chloride added dropwise, heated atca. 80°C for ca. 30 min; ppt. collected, dried (vac.);
With sodium hydroxide at 40℃;
In water at 70℃;

sodium stearate (822-16-2) + zinc(II) chloride → zinc stearate

Conditions	Yield
In water aq. soln. of Na-salt of fatty acid added to aq. ZnCl2; washed with EtOH and water;
In ethanol; water equimolar aq. ZnCl2 slowly titrated with sodium stearate in aq. EtOH; pptd. (Et2O), filtered, dried at 60°C (vac.) overnight; elem. anal.;
In ethanol; water stoich. amt. of aq. soln. of ZnCl2 added to alcoholic soln. of org. compd.; ppt. filtered and washed with EtOH and water, characterized by powder XRD patterns;
In diethyl ether; ethanol pptn. in diethylether; filtration and drying (60°C, vac.), repeated 5x; IR, elem. anal.;
In water

bis(dimethylcarbamodithioato-κS,κS')zinc(II) + tetrabutylammonium stearate (60080-83-3) → {N(CH2CH2CH2CH3)4}(1+)*{Zn(S2CN(CH3)2)3}(1-) = {N(CH2CH2CH2CH3)4}{Zn(S2CN(CH3)2)3} + zinc stearate (557-05-1)

Conditions	Yield
In acetone reflux 2 h;

stearic acid (57-11-4) + zinc(II) hydroxide → zinc stearate (557-05-1)

Conditions	Yield
In octane byproducts: H2O; Zn(OH)2 refluxed with 50% excess of C18H35OOH in octane; cooled slow, filtered off, washed with octane, elem. anal.;

bis(dimethylcarbamodithioato-κS,κS')zinc(II) (137-30-4) + tetramethyl ammonium stearate (55489-71-9) → N(CH3)4(1+)*Zn(S2CN(CH3)2)3(1-)=[N(CH3)4][Zn(S2CN(CH3)2)3] (75642-17-0) + zinc stearate (557-05-1)

Conditions	Yield
In acetone reflux 2 h;

zinc(II) nitrate hexahydrate + stearic acid (57-11-4) → zinc stearate (557-05-1)

Conditions	Yield
With triethylamine In ethanol Zn(NO3)2*6H2O and stearic acid dissolved in ethanol; triethylamine dropped into soln. under stirring until pptn.; washed (hot ethanol); dried at 353 K for 12 h; XRD;

stearic acid (57-11-4) + zinc dibromide → zinc stearate (557-05-1)

Conditions	Yield
In chloroform; water film of zinc stearate prepd. by spreading soln. of stearic acid in chloroform on surface of aq. soln. of ZnBr2; IR-spectroscopy;

Upstream product

• 57-11-4 stearic acid 
• 7733-02-0 zinc(II) sulfate 
• 7646-85-7 zinc(II) chloride 
• 822-16-2 sodium stearate 
• 137-30-4 bis(dimethylcarbamodithioato-κS,κS')zinc(II) 
• 60080-83-3 tetrabutylammonium stearate 
• 2512-59-6 bis(diethyldithiophosphinato)zinc 
• 27325-75-3 tetraethylammonium stearate 
• 7699-45-8 zinc dibromide 
• 7440-66-6 zinc 
• 112-80-1 cis-Octadecenoic acid 
• 91-17-8 decalin 
• 55489-71-9 tetramethyl ammonium stearate 
• 74895-05-9 (Zn(S₂P(OC₆H₄Me-p)2)2) 

Downstream Products

• 557-06-2 Zn(stearic acid(-H))(cis-9-octadecanoic acid(-H)) 

Relevant articles and documents

Synthesis of well-dispersed ZnO nanomaterials by directly calcining zinc stearate

Well-dispersed ZnO nanomaterials were synthesized by direct calcination of zinc stearate. Results from Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectra and X-ray diffraction (XRD) indicated both the decomposition degree of organic ligand and the purity of calci

Molecular rearrangement in a zinc stearate langmuir film dependent on a film preparation method studied using polarization-modulation infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy and X-ray absorption fine structure

Molecular dynamic rearrangement in a Langmuir (L) film of zinc stearate in a cross section image has been analyzed by employing polarization modulation infrared reflection spectrometry (PM-IRRAS) and X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS). The number of coordination on a zinc cation is evaluated by XAFS, and the coordination structure of the carboxylic group is revealed by the IR analysis. An L film prepared at a fixed area without using film-compression bar exhibits time-dependent change of the coordination structure about a zinc cation, and it attains a highly ordered coordination structure in the carboxylic group region. However, an L film prepared by the Langmuir technique using a compression bar exhibited ignorable spectral changes in both IR and X-ray analyses. The hydrocarbon chains in the compressed L film are better uniformed than the uncompressed film, but the uniformed molecular arrangement of the carboxylic group is restricted to be rearranged, and it does not attain a stable structure in terms of coordination on the zinc cation. ? 2012 American Chemical Society.

Vibrational spectra and structures of zinc carboxylates II. Anhydrous zinc acetate and zinc stearate

A normal mode analysis was carried out for a monoclinic anhydrous zinc acetate crystal in which the acetate groups had bridging bidentate coordination forms, and spectral assignments were made. Based on the assignments, a relation between the coordination structure of the carboxylate groups around the zinc atom and the vibrational frequencies of the carboxylate rocking mode was found. This relation was applied to zinc stearate to determine its coordination form, and we found that zinc stearate had a bridging bidentate form.

Infrared study on annealing effect on conformation of zinc stearate

The molecular conformation and thermal transition behavior of two zinc stearate specimens, unannealed one and annealed one, were compared. The unannealed specimen has one thermal transition at 134 °C. Annealing was made by increasing temperature to 150 °C and cooling to room temperature slowly. This annealed specimen has an exothermic peak at 103 °C, and endothermic shoulders and a peak at 118, 124 and 131 °C, respectively. The observed frequencies of all bands of the unannealed specimen at room temperature are assigned to the all-trans conformation. We found new bands at 858, 823, 793, 766, 688, and 604 cm-1 for the annealed specimen. Based on the normal mode analyses, these bands are assigned to the TGT conformation at the COO end, where T means trans and G means gauche. The annealed specimen consists of almost all-trans molecule but partial molecules have the TGT conformation.

Infrared and XAFS study on structure and transition behavior of zinc stearate.

Structure and transition behavior of zinc(II) stearate crystal were investigated by infrared and XAFS spectroscopies. Structure of zinc stearate at room temperature was estimated as follows. From XAFS analysis, the coordination number of the carboxylate groups around the zinc atom was evaluated as 4 and the Zn-O distance as 1.95 A. Based on the infrared spectrum and a normal mode analysis, the conformation of the alkyl chain was confirmed as all-trans and the sub-cell packing was considered as parallel type, and also the coordination form of the carboxylate groups was determined as bridging bidentate type. As increasing temperature, zinc stearate has a solid liquid phase transition at 130 degrees C. At the transition, the alkyl chains goes into liquid like state as reported by Mesubi but the coordination structure was confirmed to be maintained.

Catalytic deoxygenation of C18 fatty acid over supported metal Ni catalysts promoted by the basic sites of ZnAl2O4 spinel phase

Highly active Zn-Al composite oxides were synthesized via a hydrothermal process followed by thermal treatment and were used as supports to prepare Ni-based hydrogenation catalysts for catalytic deoxygenation of oleic acid, stearic acid, and 1-octadecanol. The results showed that increasing the temperature of hydrothermal synthesis changed the morphology of the Zn-Al composite oxides from sheet-like structures to spheroidal structures. High hydrothermal synthesis temperatures enhanced the interaction between Zn and Al atoms, resulting in more ZnAl2O4 spinel phase. This phase not only improved the chemical stability of the support but also supplied strong basic sites which efficiently inhibited the formation of by-products and increased the yield of heptadecane in the catalytic deoxygenation of oleic acid. Stearic acid and 1-octadecanol could be readily transformed to alkanes in the presence of metallic Ni and ZnAl2O4 phase. Decarbonylation of the octadecanal intermediate and dehydrogenation of 1-octadecanol were key reaction pathways to produce heptadecane, in which decarbonylation was catalyzed by metallic Ni, while the dehydrogenation was attributed to synergistic catalysis between metallic Ni and the strong basic sites of the support. Individual metallic Ni only catalyzed the cleavage of C-H bonds but did not affect the O-H bond of 1-octadecanol.

Effect of Zn/Al ratio of Ni/ZnO-Al2O3 catalysts on the catalytic deoxygenation of oleic acid into alkane

Ni-based catalysts supported on Zn-Al composite oxides have been prepared for the catalytic deoxygenation of oleic acid into diesel-ranged alkanes, and the effects of the Zn/Al ratio on the physico-chemical properties of the supports and the deoxygenation activity of the final catalyst were investigated in detail. The results showed that higher Zn/Al ratios led to lower specific surface area of the supports and weakening of the interaction between Ni species and supports thereby improving the reducibility of Ni species. However, higher Zn/Al ratios may limit the dispersion of Ni species, leading to a decrease in the exposure of metallic Ni. Because the conversion and deoxygenation of the reactants mainly depended on the hydrogenation capability of the catalysts which was controlled by the amount of exposed metallic Ni, the catalyst with a Zn/Al ratio of 2/1 showed the highest hydrogenation rate and alkane yield. Further decreasing the Zn/Al ratio led to strong metal-support interaction, making the Ni species difficult to reduce, which may also inhibit the formation of alkane products. In addition, the change in Zn/Al ratio affected intermediate type, which could affect the yield of alkane products.

Preparation method of zinc stearate

The invention provides a preparation method of zinc stearate. The preparation method of zinc stearate solves the technical problems that in an existing production process, single-pass smashing is adopted, and product uniformity is poor. The preparation method of zinc stearate includes the following steps that firstly, liquid stearic acid is delivered into a reaction kettle through a delivery pump for stirring heating, wherein the stirring time is 20-28 min, and the heating temperature is 120-150 DEG C; secondly, zinc oxide is added into the reaction kettle in three times, and a reaction is carried out at the temperature of 160-180 DEG C and the pressure of 0.18-0.24 Mpa, wherein the reaction time is 40-50 min; thirdly, zinc stearate generated after the reaction is delivered into a tabletting machine for tabletting; fourthly, tabletted zinc stearate is coarsely crushed through a common crushing machine; fifthly, coarsely-crushed zinc stearate is finely crushed through an airflow crushing system, and zinc stearate is obtained. The preparation method of zinc stearate has the advantage that product uniformity is good.

Modified zinc stearate production technology

The invention provides a modified zinc stearate production technology comprising the following steps: (a) carrying out heating melting on stearic acid in a reaction kettle, adding zinc oxide at the temperature of 120 DEG C-150 DEG C while high-speed stirring, carrying out a reaction for 10-15 minutes, and then adding pure water; and (b) vacuumizing: sealing the reaction kettle, vacuumizing to the vacuum degree of 50-500 Pa, carrying out a reaction for 20-30 minutes, after cooling and temperature dropping, allowing the product to enter a pulverizer, and pulverizing. Compared with a traditional zinc stearate dry-process production technology, the prepared zinc stearate has the advantages of loose particles, easy pulverizing, fine product granularity, high reactivity and less energy consumption, and has quite obvious economic benefits and social benefits.

Preparation method of improved zinc stearate

The invention relates to a producing process for zinc stearate, and more particularly, relates to a preparation method of improved zinc stearate. The method comprises the following steps: adding deionized water to a reaction kettle, and heating up to 30-40 DEG C; under stirring, adding stearic acid to the reaction kettle, and dissolving the stearic acid; continuing to heat up to 60-80 DEG C, adding zinc oxide and hydrogen peroxide into the reaction kettle, sealing the reaction kettle, vacuumizing to the vacuum degree of 50-100 Pa, carrying out a reaction for 30-60 min, cooling to drop the temperature, allowing the obtained material to enter a pulverizer, and pulverizing to obtain the zinc stearate. The zinc stearate prepared by the method has the advantages of high activity, easy pulverization, fine grain size of the product and the like; the preparation method has the advantages of low energy consumption and environmental protection, and has obvious economic benefits and social benefits.