60251-89-0Relevant articles and documents
Biochemical and Metabolic Insights into Hyoscyamine Dehydrogenase
Qiu, Fei,Yan, Yijun,Zeng, Junlan,Huang, Jian-Ping,Zeng, Lingjiang,Zhong, Wei,Lan, Xiaozhong,Chen, Min,Huang, Sheng-Xiong,Liao, Zhihua
, p. 2912 - 2924 (2021/03/15)
Hyoscyamine, a member of the class of compounds known as tropane alkaloids (TAs), is clinically used as an anticholinergic drug. Previous research has predicted that hyoscyamine is produced via the reduction of hyoscyamine aldehyde. In this study, we identified a root-expressed gene from Atropa belladonna, named AbHDH, which encodes a hyoscyamine dehydrogenase involved in the formation of hyoscyamine. Enzymatic assays indicated that AbHDH was able to not only reduce hyoscyamine aldehyde to produce hyoscyamine but also oxidize hyoscyamine to form hyoscyamine aldehyde under different conditions. To elucidate its catalytic mechanism, the crystal structure of AbHDH at a 2.4-? resolution was also determined. Overexpression of AbHDH significantly enhanced the biosynthesis of hyoscyamine and the production of anisodamine and scopolamine in root cultures of A. belladonna. However, suppression of AbHDH using RNAi technology did not reduce the production of hyoscyamine, anisodamine, or scopolamine, though it did increase the accumulation of hyoscyamine aldehyde. In summary, this study provided timely biochemical and metabolic insights into hyoscyamine dehydrogenase, pointing to an alternative, promising way to produce pharmaceutical TAs via metabolic engineering in planta.
Synthesis method of atropine sulfate
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Paragraph 0032-0035; 0047-0050; 0056-0059; 0072-0077, (2021/09/01)
The invention belongs to the field of chemical synthesis, and particularly relates to a preparation method of atropine sulfate. The preparation method comprises the following steps: firstly preparing tropine ester, then preparing atropine, salifying to prepare atropine sulfate, and finally refining to obtain the product. In the preparation process of the tropine ester, the reaction temperature is strictly controlled to be 105-111 DEG C, and the crystallization temperature is controlled to be 0-5 DEG C, so that the yield of the tropine ester is improved. In the process of preparing atropine through reduction reaction, palladium-carbon is adopted as a catalyst, and the reaction temperature is strictly controlled to be 10-15 DEG C, so that the product quality is effectively improved. Sulfuric acid is diluted by preparing a sulfuric acid ethanol solution, and the dripping speed of the sulfuric acid ethanol solution is controlled, so that the stable quality of atropine sulfate is ensured.
Kinetics of oxidation of atropine by K2Cr2O7 in acidic aqueous solutions
Abdel-Halim, Hamzeh M.,Saleh, Abdullah I.,Al-Ghreizat, Sanad K.
, p. 2103 - 2106 (2018/08/09)
Oxidation of atropine (ATN) by K2Cr2O7 has been studied kinetically in aqueous strongly acidic solutions. The kinetics of this reaction was investigated at different temperatures. A constant pH and constant ionic strength were maintained constant throughout all measurements. The concentration of atropine was around an order of magnitude greater than that of K2Cr2O7, that is under pseudo first order kinetics. Rate constants were obtained by monitoring change in absorbance of K2Cr2O7 with time at its predetermined maximum wavelength. Overall rate constant and the orders of the reaction in terms of concentrations of both atropine and K2Cr2O7 were determined. Reaction runs at different temperature allows activation energy of the process to be convoluted from temperature effect on the rate of the reaction. A resonable mechanism for the reaction was proposed in accordance with kinetics results.
CRYSTALLINE ATROPINE SULFATE
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Page/Page column 6, (2014/07/21)
The present invention relates to crystalline polymorph form of Atropine sulfate and process for the preparation thereof.