2074-53-5 Usage
Uses
Used in Skin Care:
Vitamin E is used as an antioxidant and moisturizer in the skin care industry. It helps protect the skin from free radical damage, enhances blood circulation, and improves the skin's water-binding ability. Vitamin E is also effective in reducing transepidermal water loss, which contributes to the improvement of rough, dry, and damaged skin. Additionally, it is believed to have anti-inflammatory properties and can help prevent irritation caused by sun exposure.
Used in Cosmetic Formulations:
Vitamin E is used as a preservative and moisturizer in cosmetic formulations. Its antioxidant properties help protect the product from oxidation, increasing its longevity. It is also useful in anti-aging creams and lotions, as well as UV protective products. Vitamin E can be found naturally in various cereal germ oils, such as wheat germ oil, or can be produced synthetically.
Used in Pharmaceutical Applications:
Vitamin E, under the brand names Aquasol E (Astra), Eprolin (Lilly), and Natopherol (Abbott), is used as a supplement in the pharmaceutical industry. It has demonstrated success in the treatment of yellow nail syndrome when taken orally or applied topically, leading to significant improvement in symptoms and increased nail growth rates.
Used in the Food Industry:
Vitamin E is used as a preservative to protect against oxidation, benefiting not only the food itself but also its shelf life. It is commonly added to various food products to maintain their freshness and quality.
Indications
Vitamin E is a potent antioxidant that is capable of protecting
polyunsaturated fatty acids from oxidative
breakdown.This vitamin also functions to enhance vitamin
A use.Although several other physiological actions
have been suggested, to date no unifying concept exists
to explain these actions. Vitamin E (α-tocopherol) is
found in a variety of foodstuffs, the richest sources being
plant oils, including wheat germ and rice, and the
lipids of green leaves.
Clinical Use
Deficiency of vitamin E is characterized by low
serum tocopherol levels and a positive hydrogen peroxide
hemolysis test.This deficiency is believed to occur in
patients with biliary, pancreatic, or intestinal disease
that is characterized by excessive steatorrhea. Premature
infants with a high intake of fatty acids exhibit a
deficiency syndrome characterized by edema, anemia,
and low tocopherol levels.This condition is reversed by
giving vitamin E.
Side effects
Prolonged administration of large dosages of vitamin
E may result in muscle weakness, fatigue, headache,
and nausea.This toxicity can be reversed by discontinuing
the large-dose supplementation.
Toxicology
α-Tocopherol is known as vitamin E and exists in many kind of plants, especially in lettuce and alfalfa. Its color changes from yellow to dark brown when exposed to sunlight. Natural vegetable oils are not readily oxidized due to the presence of
tocopherol. During refining processes, however, tocopherol may be removed
from oils; consequently, refined vegetable oils can become unstable toward
oxidation. In one experiment, vitamin E appeared to be relatively innocuous,
having been given to patients for months both orally and parenterally
at a dosage level of 300 mg/day without any observed ill effects. However,
in another experiment, 6 out of 13 patients given similar doses complained
of headache, nausea, fatigue, dizziness, and blurred vision.
Although the chronic toxicity of vitamin E has not been thoroughly
studied, WHO recommends 2 mg/kg/day as the maximum daily dose.
Check Digit Verification of cas no
The CAS Registry Mumber 2074-53-5 includes 7 digits separated into 3 groups by hyphens. The first part of the number,starting from the left, has 4 digits, 2,0,7 and 4 respectively; the second part has 2 digits, 5 and 3 respectively.
Calculate Digit Verification of CAS Registry Number 2074-53:
(6*2)+(5*0)+(4*7)+(3*4)+(2*5)+(1*3)=65
65 % 10 = 5
So 2074-53-5 is a valid CAS Registry Number.
InChI:InChI=1/C29H50O2/c1-20(2)12-9-13-21(3)14-10-15-22(4)16-11-18-29(8)19-17-26-25(7)27(30)23(5)24(6)28(26)31-29/h20-22,30H,9-19H2,1-8H3
2074-53-5Relevant articles and documents
Process of separating chiral isomers of chroman compounds and their derivatives and precursors
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Page/Page column 14, (2012/12/13)
The present invention relates to a process of separating chiral isomers of chroman compounds, particularly tocopherols and tocotrienols as well as the esters and intermediates thereof. It has been found that this process allows a separation of the desired isomer with a higher yield and enables the use of the non-desired isomers in a very efficient way. Said process is particularly useful when implemented in an industrial process. Furthermore, it has been found that this process allows using isomer mixtures as they result from traditional industrial synthesis.
Electron-transfer reactions of alkyl peroxy radicals
Jovanovic, Slobodan V.,Jankovic, Ivana,Josimovic, Ljubica
, p. 9018 - 9021 (2007/10/02)
One-electron-transfer reactions of alkyl peroxy radicals were studied by pulse radiolysis of aqueous solutions. At pH 13, the methyl peroxy radical was found to rapidly, k = 1 × 105-4.9 × 107 s-1, and quantitatively oxidize various organic substrates with E13 = 0.13-0.76 V vs NHE. On the other hand, this radical was unreactive with compounds with E13 ≥ 0.85 V. Consequently, E13 of the methyl peroxy radical is higher than 0.76 V and lower than 0.85 V, which means that E7 is in the range 1.02-1.11 V. At pH 8, the rate constants of the oxidation of four ferrocene derivatives by the alkyl peroxy radicals ranged from 7.1 × 104 M-1 s-1 for ferrocenedicarboxylate (E8 = 0.66 V) to 2.3 × 106 M-1 s-1 for (hydroxymethyl)ferrocene (E8 = 0.42 V). These rate constants were used to evaluate the reduction potential and self-exchange rate of alkyl peroxy radicals in neutral media from the Marcus equation. The calculated E7 = 1.05 V is in excellent agreement with the estimated E7 = 1.02-1.11 V and with one of the perviously published values E7 = 1.0 V, but the value is in excellent agreement higher than the other E7 ～ 0.6 V. It is suggested that the high reorganization energy, λ = 72 kcal mol-1 redox couple originates from the requirement for solvent reorganization due to the solvation of hydroperoxide anion in the transition state. In support of this are the activation parameters of the reaction of the methyl peroxy radical with uric acid. The activation entropy is 9 eu lower at pH 7.3 than it is at pH 13.2, whereas the activation enthalpies are unchanged. The importance of entropy control was verified in the reactions of cyclohexyl peroxy radicals with α- and δ-tocopherol in aerated cyclohexane (ΔH+ ≈ 0 kcal/mol, and ΔS+ = -25 and -26 eu). The implications of these findings on the inactivation of alkyl peroxy radicals in general are discussed.
Electron Transfer Reactions of Halothane-derived Peroxyl Free Radicals, CF3CHClO2.: Measurement of Absolute Rate Constants by Pulse Radiolysis
Moenig, Joerg,Asmus, Klaus-Dieter,Schaeffer, Michel,Slater, Trevor F.,Willson, Robin L.
, p. 1133 - 1138 (2007/10/02)
The halothane-derived peroxyl radical CF3CHClO2. has been generated in aqueous solutions by pulse radiolysis.Absolute rate constants for the reduction of halothane (2-bromo-2-chloro-1,1,1-trifluoroethane) by hydrated electrons, hydrogen atoms, and propan-2-ol free radicals have been determined to be k 1.4E10, 3.8E8, and 7.6E7 l mol-1 s-1, respectively.The predominant product radical CF3CHCl rapidly adds O2, and an estimate of k 1.3E9 l mol-1 s-1, has been obtained for the absolute rate constant of this reaction.The resulting peroxyl radical CF3CHClO2. has been found to react rapidly with a variety of nucleophilic compounds such as 2,2'-azinobis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonate), the phenothiazines promethazine, chlorpromazine, and metiazinic acid, the vitamins C and E, and propyl gallate.The absolute rate constants for these reactions are found to be generally lower than for corresponding reactions of the carbon tetrachloride-derived radical, CCl3O2..
