52609-19-5Relevant articles and documents
Surfactant-Mediated Phase Transfer as an Alternative to Propanesultone Alkylation. Formation of a New Class of Zwitterionic Surfactants
Schmitt, Kirk D.
, p. 5474 - 5479 (1995)
A synthesis of propanesulfonate surfactants 5 is presented which avoids carcinogenic propanesultone 2 as an alkylating agent.A small amount of the final desired surfactant or an easily destroyed sulfate surfactant is added to a starting alcohol 3 as a phase transfer agent, the alcohol is converted to its corresponding allyl ether 4 with 50percent NaOH and allyl chloride, and the allyl ether is converted to propane sulfonate 5 by air-catalyzed addition of bisulfite.Diallyl ether produced as a solvolysis byproduct is cyclized to furan sulfonate 9.Cyclization of diallylamine with bisulfite produces pyrrolidinium sulfonate 13 and diallylmethylalkylammonium salts 14 yield a new class of zwitterionic surfactants 11 which are substantially more soluble in both water and hydrocarbons than the corresponding ammonium propanesulfonates, 12.The stereochemistry of the cyclic products is consistent with a radical chain mechanism for the addition of bisulfite.
Picosecond Resonant Energy Transfer Studies of Aqueous Anionic Micellar Solutions
Choi, Kee-Ju,Turkevich, Leonid A.,Loza, Roman
, p. 2248 - 2256 (2007/10/02)
Time-resolved resonant energy transfer between donor (rhodamine 6G) and acceptor (malachite green) dye molecules solubilized in micelles is used to study micellar size and shape.Single-photon counting or frequency-conversion optical gating provides our picosecond time profile.The dyes are solubilized at the spherical surface of sodium dodecyl sulfate micelles.At 0.3 M NaCl, the aggregation number N = 118, with the fits being extremely sensitive to micelle size, shape, and solubilization location of the dyes.Resonant energy transfer is also applied to aqueous solutions of ethoxylated sulfonates.The aggregation number grows (from N ca. 40) with salt: the spherical micelles distort to flexible, polymeric micelles.The picosecond energy transfer provides direct evidence for this shape change.