774-74-3Relevant articles and documents
Direct electrochemical oxidation of a pesticide, 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, at the surface of a graphite felt electrode: Biodegradability improvement
Fontmorin, Jean-Marie,Fourcade, Florence,Geneste, Florence,Soutrel, Isabelle,Floner, Didier,Amrane, Abdeltif
, p. 32 - 38 (2015)
Pesticides' biorecalcitrance can be related to the presence of a complex aromatic chains or of specific bonds, such as halogenated bonds, which are the most widespread. In order to treat this pollution at its source, namely in the case of highly concentrated solutions, selective processes, such as electrochemical processes, can appear especially relevant to avoid the possible generation of toxic degradation products and to improve biodegrad- ability in view of a subsequent biological mineralization. 2,4-D was found to be electroactive in oxidation, but not in reduction, and the absence of hydroxyl radicals formation during the electrochemical step was demonstrated, showing that the pretreatment can be considered as a direct electrochemical process instead of an advanced electrochemical oxidation process. The presence of several degradation products in the oxidized effluent showed that the pretreatment was not as selective as expected. However, the relevance of the proposed combined process was confirmed since the overall mineralization yield was close to 93%.
The invention relates to an acyl fluoride compound reduction and deuteration synthesis α, α - dideuterium alcohol. Method for deuterated drugs
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Paragraph 0131-0137, (2021/08/25)
The invention relates to an α, α - dideuterium-substituted alcohol compound and a reduction deuteration method for preparing an acyl fluoride compound of α, α - dideuterium-substituted alcohol compounds, characterized in that α, α - dideuterium-substituted alcohol compounds represented by the general formula 2 (1) are reacted in an organic solvent I by a deuterium donor reagent. The method solves the problems that in the prior art α, α - dideuterium-substituted alcohol compounds are prepared by using inflammable reductant, poor selectivity and atomic economy, the invention establishes a method for reducing and deuteration of acyl fluoride compounds based on single electron transfer reduction deuteration reaction. The method can be used for preparing α, α - dideuterium-substituted alcohol compounds, and has the advantages of high product deuterium substitution rate, good regioselectivity, good chemical selectivity, low reagent price, simple operation, mild conditions and wide substrate application range.
Esterquat herbicidal ionic liquids (HILs) with two different herbicides: Evaluation of activity and phytotoxicity
Syguda, Anna,Gielnik, Anna,Borkowski, Andrzej,Wo?niak-Karczewska, Marta,Parus, Anna,Piechalak, Aneta,Olejnik, Anna,Marecik, Roman,?awniczak, ?ukasz,Chrzanowski, ?ukasz
supporting information, p. 9819 - 9827 (2018/06/18)
Herbicidal ionic liquids (HILs) constitute a new concept in crop protection products. Their main advantage is the potential to combine the efficiency of traditional herbicides with low vapour pressure and adjustable water solubility which leads to improved environmental safety in the agricultural sector. Among many strategies to obtain new HILs, esterquats seem to be well suited for modification since both the cation and anion may be constituents of herbicides. In the framework of this study 16 new esterquat HILs were synthetized based on standard herbicides: 2,4-D, MCPA, MCPP, 4-CPA, Clopyralid and Dicamba. Germination tests performed on agricultural soil using cornflower indicated the best two HILs. Furthermore, analysis of the toxicological effects of HILs on wheat plants revealed an additional advantage of the two selected HILs. The glutathione (GSH) content and glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity showed a lower oxidative stress level in wheat plants treated with examined HILs, respectively, in comparison to a mixture of reference compounds. Finally the Ames test was applied in order to analyse the mutagenic activity of the two selected HILs.