P-gp modulators
P-glycoprotein (P-gp) modulators are substances that interact with P-gp, a transmembrane protein encoded by the ABCB1 gene, to alter its activity. P-gp is a key component of the cell membrane and acts as an efflux pump, actively transporting various substrates out of cells. It plays a crucial role in the absorption, distribution, and elimination of many drugs and xenobiotics. P-gp modulators can either inhibit or induce the activity of P-gp, thereby affecting the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of co-administered drugs. Inhibition of P-gp can increase the intracellular concentration of drugs that are substrates for P-gp, potentially enhancing their therapeutic effects but also increasing the risk of toxicity. On the other hand, induction of P-gp can reduce drug bioavailability and efficacy.
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