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Ethephon
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Name

Ethephon

 EINECS 240-718-3
CAS No. 16672-87-0 Density 1.568 g/cm3
PSA 67.34000 LogP 0.40290
Solubility Completely soluble in water Melting Point 70-72 °C(lit.)
Formula C2H6ClO3P Boiling Point 333.4 °C at 760 mmHg
Molecular Weight 144.495 Flash Point 155.4 °C
Transport Information UN 2928 6.1/PG 2 Appearance white to beige powder
Safety 26-28-36/37/39-45-61 Risk Codes 20/21-34-52/53
Molecular Structure Molecular Structure of 16672-87-0 (Ethephon) Hazard Symbols CorrosiveC
Synonyms

Camposan M;Roll-Fruct;Flordimex TM;Etheverse;Campoletis sonorensis virusCamposan;Ethrel;Cepha 10LS;Phosphonic acid,(2-chloroethyl)-;G 996 (pesticide);Flordimex;2-chloroethyl-dioxido-oxo-phosphorane;2-chloroethylphosphonic acid;

Article Data 30

Ethephon Synthetic route

26119-41-5

dimethyl 2-chloroethylphosphonate

16672-87-0

2-chloroethylphosphonic acid

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With hydrogenchloride at 110℃; for 9h; atmospheric pressure;93%
With hydrogenchloride In water for 24h; Heating; Yield given;
67344-36-9

di(trimethylsilyl)-2-chloroethylphosphonate

16672-87-0

2-chloroethylphosphonic acid

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With water at 20℃; for 1h;90%
With water
25131-74-2

diisopropyl 2-chloroethylphosphonate

16672-87-0

2-chloroethylphosphonic acid

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With hydrogenchloride for 24h; Heating;90%
With hydrogenchloride In water at 130 - 140℃; Microwave irradiation; Sealed tube;84%
With hydrogenchloride In water for 24h; Heating;80%
10419-79-1

diethyl 2-chloroethylphosphonate

16672-87-0

2-chloroethylphosphonic acid

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With hydrogenchloride at 110℃; for 12h; atmospheric pressure;88%
With hydrogenchloride In water at 100℃; for 0.416667h; Microwave irradiation; Sealed tube;79%
88093-47-4

dipropyl 2-chloroethylphosphonate

16672-87-0

2-chloroethylphosphonic acid

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With hydrogenchloride at 120℃; under 3800 Torr; for 15h;80%
20135-59-5

dibutyl 2-chloroethylphosphonate

16672-87-0

2-chloroethylphosphonic acid

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With hydrogenchloride at 120℃; under 3800 Torr; for 16h;75%
With hydrogenchloride In water for 24h; Heating; Yield given;

dipentyl 2-chloroethylphosphonate

16672-87-0

2-chloroethylphosphonic acid

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With hydrogenchloride at 120℃; under 3800 Torr; for 19h;73%
6294-34-4

bis(2-chloroethyl) 2-chloroethylphosphonate

16672-87-0

2-chloroethylphosphonic acid

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With hydrogenchloride at 100 - 110℃;10%
With hydrogenchloride at 150 - 160℃;
107-06-2

1,2-dichloro-ethane

16672-87-0

2-chloroethylphosphonic acid

Conditions
ConditionsYield
(i) PCl3, AlCl3, (ii) diethyl phthalate, SO2, (iii) H2O; Multistep reaction;
39118-50-8

2-acetoxyethanephosphonic acid dimethyl ester

A

16672-87-0

2-chloroethylphosphonic acid

B

22987-21-9

β-Hydroxyethanphosphonsaeure

C

32541-80-3

β-Acetoxyethanphosphonsaeure

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With hydrogenchloride In water at 100℃; for 11h;A 3 % Spectr.
B 77 % Spectr.
C 18 % Spectr.
With water at 160℃; for 6.5h; Product distribution; hydrolysis, reagent, temperature;A 3 % Spectr.
B 77 % Spectr.
C 18 % Spectr.

Ethephon Chemical Properties

IUPAC Name: 2-Chloroethylphosphonic acid
Synonyms of Ethephon (CAS NO.16672-87-0): 2-Chloroethylphosphonic acid ; Chlorethephon ; Acide chloro-2-ethyl-phosphonique ; Flordimex
CAS NO: 16672-87-0
Molecular Formula: C2H6ClO3P
Molecular Weight: 144.49
Molecular Structure:
EINECS: 240-718-3
H bond acceptors: 3 
H bond donors: 2
Freely Rotating Bonds: 2
Polar Surface Area: 45.34 Å2
Index of Refraction: 1.478
Molar Refractivity: 26.1 cm3
Molar Volume: 92 cm3
Surface Tension: 59.4 dyne/cm
Density: 1.568 g/cm3
Flash Point: 155.4 °C
Enthalpy of Vaporization: 63.34 kJ/mol
Boiling Point: 333.4 °C at 760 mmHg
Vapour Pressure: 2.62E-05 mmHg at 25°C 
Melting Point: 70-72 °C(lit.)
Storage temp: 2-8°C
Sensitive: Hygroscopic
Appearance: white to beige powder
Product Categories of Ethephon (CAS NO.16672-87-0): Plant Regulator;Miscellaneous;PLANT GROWTH REGULATOR

Ethephon Uses

 Ethephon (CAS NO.16672-87-0) is often used on wheat, coffee, tobacco, cotton and rice in order to help the plant's fruit reach maturity more quickly. Besides, Ethephon is also used to make all bolls open simultaneously in order to enhance harvest efficiency.

Ethephon Toxicity Data With Reference

Organism Test Type Route Reported Dose (Normalized Dose) Effect Source
guinea pig LD50 oral 4200mg/kg (4200mg/kg) BEHAVIORAL: SOMNOLENCE (GENERAL DEPRESSED ACTIVITY)

BEHAVIORAL: MUSCLE CONTRACTION OR SPASTICITY)

LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: OTHER CHANGES		 Gigiena i Sanitariya. For English translation, see HYSAAV. Vol. 48(8), Pg. 79, 1983.
mammal (species unspecified) LD50 unreported 4200mg/kg (4200mg/kg)   "Chemistry of Pesticides," Melnikov, N.N., New York, Springer-Verlag New York, Inc., 1971Vol. -, Pg. 384, 1971.
mouse LD50 intraperitoneal > 1500mg/kg (1500mg/kg)   Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. Vol. 39, Pg. 380, 1991.
mouse LD50 oral 2850mg/kg (2850mg/kg)   Pharmazie. Vol. 32, Pg. 181, 1977.
quail LD50 oral 1072mg/kg (1072mg/kg)   Pesticide Manual. Vol. 9, Pg. 341, 1991.
rabbit LD50 oral 5gm/kg (5000mg/kg) BEHAVIORAL: SOMNOLENCE (GENERAL DEPRESSED ACTIVITY)

BEHAVIORAL: MUSCLE CONTRACTION OR SPASTICITY)

LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: OTHER CHANGES		 Gigiena i Sanitariya. For English translation, see HYSAAV. Vol. 48(8), Pg. 79, 1983.
rabbit LD50 skin 5730mg/kg (5730mg/kg)   "Wirksubstanzen der Pflanzenschutz und Schadlingsbekampfungsmittel," Perkow, W., Berlin, Verlag Paul Parey, 1971-1976Vol. -, Pg. -, 1971/1976.
rat LC50 inhalation 90mg/m3/4H (90mg/m3)   "Prehled Prumyslove Toxikologie; Organicke Latky," Marhold, J., Prague, Czechoslovakia, Avicenum, 1986Vol. -, Pg. 1120, 1986.
rat LD50 oral 3400mg/kg (3400mg/kg)   Zhurnal Eksperimental'noi i Klinicheskoi Meditsiny. Journal of Experimental and Clinical Medicine. Vol. 20, Pg. 274, 1980.

Ethephon Safety Profile

Safety Information about Ethephon (CAS NO.16672-87-0):
Hazard Codes: CorrosiveC
Risk Statements: 20/21-34-52/53 
R20/21: Harmful by inhalation and in contact with skin. 
R52/53: Harmful to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment. 
R34: Causes burns.
Safety Statements: 26-28-36/37/39-45-61
S26: In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. 
S28: After contact with skin, wash immediately with plenty of soap-suds. 
S36/37/39: Wear suitable protective clothing, gloves and eye/face protection. 
S45: In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately (show the label whenever possible.) 
S61: Avoid release to the environment. Refer to special instructions / safety data sheets.
RIDADR: UN 2928 6.1/PG 2
WGK Germany: 2
RTECS: SZ7100000
HazardClass: 6.1
PackingGroup: II

Ethephon Specification

General Information: As in any fire, wear a self-contained breathing apparatus in pressure-demand, MSHA/NIOSH (approved or equivalent), and full protective gear.
Extinguishing Media: Use water spray, dry chemical, carbon dioxide, or chemical foam. 
Handling: Do not breathe dust, vapor, mist, or gas. Do not get in eyes, on skin, or on clothing. Use only in a chemical fume hood.
Storage: Store in a cool, dry place. Store in a tightly closed container. Keep under a nitrogen blanket.

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