Tuning Microenvironment of Quaternary Ammonium Salt and Tertiary Amine Bifunctionalized…
low cost and environmental friendliness, showing great
practical potential in chemical industry. The unique micro-
environment with outer hydrophobicity and inner hydrophi-
licity was proposed to explain the diferent desorption of
the formed product, and novel cooperative catalysis mode
of tertiary amino, quaternary ammonium and carbonate ion
was elucidated.
Acknowledgements This work was financially supported by the
National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 21777111).
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Fig. 7 Recyclability of PANPQ-1F in aza-Michael addition
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In summary, a novel type of quaternary ammonium salt
and tertiary amine intrachain bifunctionalized polyacry-
lonitrile fbers were successfully prepared to catalyze the
aza-Michael addition in water. When the ratio of two func-
tional groups was 1:1 (PANPQ-1F), the highest catalytic
performance was achieved under mild conditions, and both
the quaternary ammonium salt and the tertiary amine of
the catalyst PANPQ-1F had the highest cooperative catalysis
efect. Moreover, without signifcant fber structural damage,
PANPQ-1F can be reused more than 6 times under optimal
conditions with highly catalytic activity. This fber catalyst
has the advantages of simple preparation, strong durability,
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1 3