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Hydrazine

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Hydrazine

EINECS 206-114-9
CAS No. 302-01-2 Density 1.011
PSA 52.04000 LogP 0.21940
Solubility soluble in water very well Melting Point 1,4°C
Formula H4N2 Boiling Point 113.5 °C at 760 mmHg
Molecular Weight 32.0452 Flash Point -4 °F
Transport Information UN 3293 Appearance COLOURLESS FUMING AND HYGROSCOPIC LIQUID
Safety Confirmed carcinogen with experimental carcinogenic, neoplastigenic, and tumorigenic data. A poison by ingestion, skin contact, intraperitoneal, and intravenous routes. Moderately toxic by inhalation. An experimental teratogen. Other experimental reproductive effects. Human mutation data reported. A powerful reducing agent that is corrosive to the eyes, skin, and mucous membranes. May cause skin sensitization as well as systemic poisoning. Hydrazine and some of its derivatives may cause damage to the liver and destruction of red blood cells.

Flammable liquid. A very dangerous fire hazard when exposed to heat, flame, or oxidizing agents. Severe explosion hazard when exposed to heat or flame, or by chemical reaction. Explodes on contact with barium oxide; calcium oxide; chromate salts; chromium dioxide; dicyanofurazan; mercury oxide; trioxygen difluoride; N-haloimides; potassium; silver compounds; sodium hydroxide; titanium compounds (at 130°). Potentially explosive reactions with alkali metals; NH3; Cl2; chromates; CuO; Cu++ salts; F2; metallic oxides; Ni; Ni(ClO4)2; O2; liquid O2; K2Cr2O7; Na2Cr2O7; tetryl; zinc diamide; Zn(C2H5)2. Forms sensitive, explosive mixtures with 2-chloro-5-methylnitrobenzene; metal salts [e.g., cadmium perchlorate; copper chlorate (heat-sensitive); manganese nitrate (heat-sensitive); mercury(I) chloride; mercury(II) chloride; mercury(I) nitrate; mercury(II) nitrate; tin(II) chloride]; methanol + nitromethane; air; lithium perchlorate; sodium perchlorate; sodium. Ignites on contact with cotton waste + heavy metals; dinitrogen oxide; rhenium + alumina; catalysts; nitric acid; hydrogen peroxide; N,2,4,6-tetranitroaniline; rust + heat. Ignites spontaneously in air when absorbed on earth, asbestos, cloth, wood. Violent reaction with 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene; oxidants (e.g., iron oxide; chlorates; peroxides); thiocarbonyl azide thiocyanate. Vigorous reaction with benzene-seleninic acid or anhydride; carbon dioxide + stainless steel; copper oxide; lead oxide; potassium peroxodisulfate; ruthenium(III) chloride. On contact with metal catalysts (e.g., platinum black; Raney nickel; copper-iron oxide; molybdenum; molybdenum oxides; iridium), it decomposes to ammonia, hydrogen and nitrogen gases which may ignite or explode. A hypergolic reaction with dinitrogen tetraoxide is the basis of a liquid rocket fuel mixture. The vapor will burn without air. It is a powerful explosive. It is very sensitive and must not be used without full and complete instructions from the manufacturer for handling, storage, and disposal. Dangerous; when heated to decomposition it emits highly toxic fumes of NOx and NH3.

Analytical Methods:

   

For occupational chemical analysis use OSHA: #20 or NIOSH: Hydrazine, 3503.

Risk Codes R45;R23/24/25;R34;R43;R50/53   
Molecular Structure Molecular Structure of 302-01-2 (Hydrazine) Hazard Symbols
Synonyms

H 70;H 70(fuel);Levoxine;Nitrogen hydride (N2H4);Oxytreat 35;

Article Data 577

Hydrazine Consensus Reports

NTP 10th Report on Carcinogens. IARC Cancer Review: Group 2B IMEMDT    IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man . 7 , 1987,p. 223.(World Health Organization, Internation Agency for Research on Cancer,Lyon, France.: ) (Single copies can be ordered from WHO Publications Centre U.S.A., 49 Sheridan Avenue, Albany, NY 12210) ; Animal Sufficient Evidence IMEMDT    IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man . 4 , 1974,p. 127.(World Health Organization, Internation Agency for Research on Cancer,Lyon, France.: ) (Single copies can be ordered from WHO Publications Centre U.S.A., 49 Sheridan Avenue, Albany, NY 12210) . EPA Extremely Hazardous Substances List. Community Right-To-Know List. Genetic Toxicology Program. Reported in EPA TSCA Inventory.

Hydrazine Standards and Recommendations

OSHA PEL: TWA 0.1 ppm (skin)
ACGIH TLV: TWA 0.01 ppm (skin), Confirmed Animal Carcinogen.
DFG MAK: DFG TRK: Animal Carcinogen, Suspected Human Carcinogen
NIOSH REL: (Hydrazines) CL 0.04 mg/m3/2H
DOT Classification:  3; Label: Flammable Liquid, Poison, Corrosive

Hydrazine Analytical Methods

For occupational chemical analysis use OSHA: #20 or NIOSH: Hydrazine, 3503.

Hydrazine Specification

 The Hydrazine, with the CAS registry number 302-01-2,is also known as Nitrogen hydride. It belongs to the product categories of Nitrogen Compounds;Organic Building Blocks. This chemical's molecular formula is H4N2 and molecular weight is 32.04.Its EINECS number is 206-114-9. What's more,Its systematic name is Hydrazine. It is a colourless oily liquid which is used as fuel in emergency power systems.And it is stability .And it may be an explosion hazard, particularly if heated. Also it is incompatible with sources of ignition, light, shock, strong oxidizing agents, strong acids, metal oxides, nitrous oxide.

Physical properties about Hydrazine are:
(1)LogP:  0.67; (2)# of Rule of 5 Violations:  0; (3)ACD/LogD (pH 5.5):  -1.87; (4)ACD/LogD (pH 7.4):  -0.17; (5)ACD/BCF (pH 5.5):  1.00; (6)ACD/BCF (pH 7.4):  1.00; (7)#H bond acceptors:  2; (8)#H bond donors:  4; (9)#Freely Rotating Bonds:  1; (10)Index of Refraction:  1.422; (11)Molar Refractivity:  9.119 cm3; (12)Molar Volume:  35.89 cm3; (13)Surface Tension:  39.9370002746582 dyne/cm; (14)Density:  0.893 g/cm3; (15)Enthalpy of Vaporization:  41.8 kJ/mol; (16)Boiling Point:  113.5 °C at 760 mmHg; (17)Vapour Pressure:  20.7479991912842 mmHg at 25°C.

You can still convert the following datas into molecular structure:
(1)SMILES:NN;
(2)Std. InChI:InChI=1S/H4N2/c1-2/h1-2H2;
(3)Std. InChIKey:OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N.

Safety Information of Hydrazine:
The Hydrazine is toxic by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed and irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin. It may form explosive peroxides,so it should be avoided exposure - obtain special instructions before use. And it is toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment,so it should be avoided release to the environment. Refer to special instructions / safety data sheets. And this material and its container must be disposed of as hazardous waste. This chemical  cause cancer. In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately (show the label whenever possible.) .When you use it ,wear suitable protective clothing, gloves and eye/face protection. In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice.

Production of Hydrazine:
Hydrazine is produced in the Olin Raschig process from sodium hypochlorite (the active ingredient in many bleaches) and ammonia, a process announced in 1907. Another route of hydrazine synthesis involves oxidation of urea with sodium hypochlorite:
(H2N)2C=O + NaOCl + 2NaOH → N2H4 + H2O + NaCl + Na2CO3
It can be synthesized from ammonia and hydrogen peroxide in the Puck process, according to the following formula:
2NH3 + H2O2 → H2N-NH2 + 2H2O
It can also be produced via the so-called ketazine and peroxide processes.

Uses of Hydrazine:
The majority use of hydrazine is as a precursor to blowing agents. It is also used as a propellant onboard space vehicles. Hydrazine (CAS NO.302-01-2) is mainly used as a foaming agent in preparing polymer foams, but significant applications also include its uses as a precursor to polymerization catalysts and pharmaceuticals. Additionally, HYDRAZINE is used in various rocket fuels and to prepare the gas precursors used in air bags.

The toxicity data of Hydrazine are as follows:

Organism Test Type Route Reported Dose (Normalized Dose) Effect Source
dog LD50 intramuscular 16500ug/kg (16.5mg/kg)   Gigiena i Sanitariya. For English translation, see HYSAAV. Vol. 16(6), Pg. 53, 1972.
dog LD50 intravenous 25mg/kg (25mg/kg)   Medycyna Pracy. Industrial Medicine. Vol. 24, Pg. 71, 1973.
dog LDLo skin 96mg/kg (96mg/kg)   Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. Vol. 21, Pg. 186, 1972.
guinea pig LD50 skin 190mg/kg (190mg/kg) BEHAVIORAL: CONVULSIONS OR EFFECT ON SEIZURE THRESHOLD U.S. Army Chemical Warfare Laboratories. Vol. CWL,
mouse LC50 inhalation 252ppm/4H (252ppm) BEHAVIORAL: CONVULSIONS OR EFFECT ON SEIZURE THRESHOLD

LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: DYSPNEA

SENSE ORGANS AND SPECIAL SENSES: OTHER: EYE
AMA Archives of Industrial Health. Vol. 12, Pg. 609, 1955.
mouse LD50 intraperitoneal 62mg/kg (62mg/kg)   Medycyna Pracy. Industrial Medicine. Vol. 24, Pg. 71, 1973.
mouse LD50 intravenous 57mg/kg (57mg/kg)   Medycyna Pracy. Industrial Medicine. Vol. 24, Pg. 71, 1973.
mouse LD50 oral 59mg/kg (59mg/kg)   Medycyna Pracy. Industrial Medicine. Vol. 24, Pg. 71, 1973.
mouse LD50 unreported 200mg/kg (200mg/kg)   British Journal of Cancer. Vol. 6, Pg. 160, 1952.
rabbit LD50 intramuscular 38500ug/kg (38.5mg/kg)   Gigiena i Sanitariya. For English translation, see HYSAAV. Vol. 16(6), Pg. 53, 1972.
rabbit LD50 intravenous 20mg/kg (20mg/kg)   AMA Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Medicine. Vol. 9, Pg. 199, 1954.
rabbit LD50 skin 91mg/kg (91mg/kg)   AMA Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Medicine. Vol. 9, Pg. 199, 1954.
rat LC50 inhalation 570ppm/4H (570ppm) BEHAVIORAL: CONVULSIONS OR EFFECT ON SEIZURE THRESHOLD

LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: DYSPNEA

SENSE ORGANS AND SPECIAL SENSES: OTHER: EYE
AMA Archives of Industrial Health. Vol. 12, Pg. 609, 1955.
rat LD50 intramuscular 53500ug/kg (53.5mg/kg)   Gigiena i Sanitariya. For English translation, see HYSAAV. Vol. 16(6), Pg. 53, 1972.
rat LD50 intraperitoneal 59mg/kg (59mg/kg)   Medycyna Pracy. Industrial Medicine. Vol. 24, Pg. 71, 1973.
rat LD50 intravenous 55mg/kg (55mg/kg)   Medycyna Pracy. Industrial Medicine. Vol. 24, Pg. 71, 1973.
rat LD50 oral 60mg/kg (60mg/kg)   Medycyna Pracy. Industrial Medicine. Vol. 24, Pg. 71, 1973.

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