Refernces
10.1021/ol802426v
The research details the first total synthesis of brevisamide (1), a marine cyclic ether alkaloid derived from the dinoflagellate Karenia brevis. The synthesis was achieved in 21 linear steps starting from cis-but-2-ene-1,4-diol, with a key highlight being the Suzuki-Miyaura coupling between an ether ring fragment and a dienol side chain. The synthetic strategy involved constructing an amino cyclic ether fragment 2 and an iododienol unit 3 from a common starting material, and then coupling these fragments. Reactants used in the synthesis included cis-but-2-ene-1,4-diol, TBDPSCl, O3, (+)-(Z)-crotyldiisopinocampheylborane, and various other reagents for oxidation, Wittig reaction, hydrogenation, transesterification, and coupling reactions. The structure and stereochemistry were confirmed through 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy, optical rotation, and other analytical techniques, with the final synthetic product matching the natural brevisamide's NMR spectra.
10.1071/CH10420
The research investigates the formation of DNA adducts from 5-(2-Phosphoryl-1,4-dioxobutane) (DOB), a DNA lesion generated by various damaging agents. The study aims to understand how DOB, which spontaneously generates cis- and trans-but-2-en-1,4-dial (1), forms exocyclic adducts with nucleosides, potentially leading to mutations. The researchers used chemically synthesized DNA containing tritiated DOB at defined sites to examine the reactivity of the adducts. They concluded that DOB is a more efficient source of cis/trans-but-2-en-1,4-dial nucleoside adducts than furan, and the local DNA sequence does not significantly influence the distribution of these adducts.
10.1016/j.tet.2009.04.048
The research describes a novel method for synthesizing pentoses, which are five-carbon sugars with significant applications in pharmaceuticals and cosmetics, particularly as building blocks for nucleoside analogues in antiviral and antitumoral therapies. The study's purpose is to develop an efficient de novo synthesis route for pentoses, starting from (Z)-2-buten-1,4-diol and using cyanohydrins as key intermediates. The key steps involve an enzyme-catalyzed enantioselective HCN addition to O-protected 4-hydroxybut-2-enal using hydroxynitrile lyase from Hevea brasiliensis, followed by an asymmetric dihydroxylation. The researchers investigated the influence of the double bond configuration and protecting groups on the reaction's conversion and selectivity. The study concludes that the configuration of the double bond and the protecting group significantly impact the reaction's efficiency and selectivity. Only the allyl-protected compound was found to be sufficiently selective for the synthesis of pentoses. The dihydroxylation step was also influenced by the protecting group at position 4, yielding different ratios of D-arabinose and L-ribose. Key chemicals used in the research include (Z)-2-buten-1,4-diol, various protecting groups such as allyl, benzyl, methoxymethyl, t-butyldimethylsilyl, and t-butyldiphenylsilyl, hydrocyanic acid (HCN), and the enzyme hydroxynitrile lyase. The findings provide valuable insights into the synthesis of pentoses and highlight the importance of protecting group selection in achieving high enantiomeric purity and desired product ratios.