10.1055/s-1983-30406
The study investigates the preparation of a-unsubstituted pyridinium salts from primary amines. The key chemicals involved are 2,4-diphenylpyrylium salts, which react with primary amines to form ring-opened forms, typically vinylogous amides, that do not cyclize into the corresponding pyridinium salts due to the lack of steric interactions. The study highlights that the conversion of pyrylium salts to pyridinium salts generally requires a,a'-substituents. The researchers discovered that using N-(2-pyridyl)-pyridinium salt (4) in reactions with various primary amines, such as n-propyl-, isopropyl-, neopentyl-, cyclohexyl-, benzyl-, and 4-methylbenzylamine, in refluxing ethanol yields good results. The resulting pyridinium salts were characterized by their spectral data, showing characteristic IR and NMR spectra. The study also notes that while the reaction of 4 with aniline did not succeed under normal conditions, heating it with excess aniline at 150-160°C produced pyridinium salt 3a in an 80% yield.