10.1246/bcsj.59.185
The research focuses on the synthesis and evaluation of Gramicidin S (GS) analogs, specifically [3Ava5-]-GS and [3Ava4,3'-]-GS, where Ava represents 5-Aminovaleric Acid. These analogs involve replacing one or two L-leucyl-p-phenylalanyl residues of GS with 5-aminovaleric acid residues. Various chemicals played crucial roles in the synthesis process. For instance, Boc-Val-Orn(Z)-OH, H-Leu-D-Phe-Pro-OMe, and Boc-Pro-OH were used as starting materials or intermediates. Reagents like DCC (dicyclohexylcarbodimide), HOBt (1-hydroxybenzotriazole), and isopentyl nitrite were employed in coupling and conversion reactions. Solvents such as THF (tetrahydrofuran), DMF (N,N-dimethylformamide), and MeOH (methanol) were utilized in different steps of the synthesis. The study also involved the use of protecting groups like Boc (t-butoxycarbonyl) and Z (benzyloxycarbonyl), and their removal was achieved using methods involving HCI (hydrochloric acid) and Pd (palladium) catalysts. The synthesized analogs were characterized and their antimicrobial activities were assessed, revealing insights into the contributions of the amide bond and side chains in the GS structure to its antimicrobial properties.