10.1139/v82-060
The research focuses on the synthesis of pyrrole acetals and their subsequent formylation and cyanation reactions. The purpose of the study was to explore the reactivity of pyrrole acetals towards electrophilic substitution, specifically using the Vilsmeier formylation and chlorosulfonyl isocyanate (CSI) cyanation reactions. The researchers aimed to substitute carboxyaldehyde or carbonitrile groups onto the pyrrole ring, provided the reactivity of the unsubstituted ring positions was not too low. The study concluded that while the Vilsmeier reaction could be effectively used for formylation when the pyrrole ring was reactive, the cyanation using CSI was limited due to the lability of the acetal function towards decomposition under the required reaction conditions. Key chemicals used in the process included pyrrole mono- and dicarboxaldehydes, Vilsmeier reagent (a mixture of phosphorus oxychloride and N,N-dimethylformamide), chlorosulfonyl isocyanate, and various solvents and reagents for purification and analysis. The successful synthesis of gyrrole-2,3,5-tricarboxaldehyde and other substituted pyrroles demonstrated the potential for these reactions in the preparation of complex pyrrole derivatives.
10.1021/jm00379a010
The research aimed to synthesize and evaluate a series of uridine 5’-diphosphate glucose analogues as inhibitors of protein glycosylation, with the goal of demonstrating their antiviral activity. The study focused on the synthesis of these analogues by reacting various protected glucose derivatives with chlorosulfonyl isocyanate and 2’,3’-O-isopropylideneuridine. The synthesized compounds were then tested for their ability to inhibit protein glycosylation in herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) infected cells and for their antiviral effects. The results showed that certain analogues, particularly compound 13, effectively inhibited protein glycosylation and exhibited significant antiviral activity against HSV-1, suggesting their potential as therapeutic agents. The study concluded that the presence of specific protecting groups on the glucose moiety influenced the antiviral efficacy, highlighting the importance of structural features in the design of effective glycosylation inhibitors.
10.1016/j.tetlet.2007.09.037
The research presents a convenient synthetic methodology for preparing a variety of substituted N-hydroxysulfamides, which are structurally similar to N-hydroxyureas, N-hydroxysulfonamides, and sulfamides and exhibit a wide range of biological activity. The key starting material, N-Boc-sulfamoyl chloride, was prepared by reacting t-butanol with chlorosulfonylisocyanate (CSI). This intermediate was then reacted with several O-TBDMS protected hydroxylamines in the presence of triethylamine to form protected N-hydroxysulfamides. These protected sulfamides were further alkylated using Mitsunobu conditions or standard alkylation conditions with alkyl halides to introduce different alkyl groups on the nitrogen atoms. The final deprotection to the desired N-hydroxysulfamides was achieved using trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) and hydrochloric acid (HCl) in methanol. The methodology was extended to synthesize more complex targets such as bis-N-hydroxysulfamides and cyclic N-hydroxysulfamides. Chemicals such as t-butanol, chlorosulfonylisocyanate, O-TBDMS protected hydroxylamines, triethylamine, PPh3, DEAD, alkyl alcohols, alkyl halides, and TFA played crucial roles in the synthesis process.
10.1016/S0040-4039(01)81957-2
The study presents a novel, high-yield synthesis of the 1-carbapenam ring system, a precursor to thienamycin and clavulanic acid analogs. The entire carbon framework is introduced in a single step from simple precursors. Benzyl sorbate is isomerized to 3,5-hexadienoate, which reacts with chlorosulfonyl isocyanate to form B-lactam. This compound is then converted to an iodo-hydrin, reduced to an alcohol, and oxidized to a ketoester. The ketoester undergoes diazo group transfer and rhodium-catalyzed ring closure to form the final product. The study also explores the synthesis of o-nitrobenzyl ester derivatives and attempts to convert these compounds to the corresponding acids, though these attempts were unsuccessful due to decomposition. The synthesized compounds are analyzed using various techniques, including IR, NMR, and mass spectrometry.