Refernces
10.1002/cjoc.201900417
The research focuses on the synthesis and characterization of a series of Pd(II)-enaminone complexes, termed Pd(eao)2, and their application as catalysts in the aqueous Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reaction. The purpose of this study was to develop an effective catalytic method that enables the coupling of less reactive aryl bromides and chlorides with aryl/vinyl boronic acids in an environmentally benign aqueous medium, specifically using polyethylene glycol (PEG) 400. The conclusions drawn from the research indicate that these newly synthesized Pd(eao)2 complexes, particularly Pd(eao)2-1, exhibit excellent catalytic activity with broad substrate tolerance and high product yields at remarkably low catalyst loadings (as low as 0.5 mol%).
10.1021/jm00396a012
This research aimed to develop platinum complexes with selective effects on hormone-dependent mammary carcinoma by synthesizing and testing [1,2-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethylenediamine]dichloroplatinum(II) complexes with various substituents. The purpose was to create compounds that could target hormone-dependent breast cancer cells, potentially through the estrogen receptor system. The most promising compounds, meso-6-PtCl2 and its water-soluble (sulfato)platinum(II) derivative meso-6-PtS04, showed significant activity on the DMBA-induced, hormone-dependent mammary carcinoma in rats, being more effective than cisplatin and the related ligand meso-6. The research concluded that these platinum complexes have potential as therapeutic agents for hormone-dependent breast cancer, possibly due to a combination of cytotoxic and estrogenic properties. The chemicals used in the process included various substituted 1,2-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethylenediamines, platinum salts, and solvents like t-BuOH, H2O, DMF, and polyethylene glycol 400, as well as reagents for the synthesis and testing of the complexes.
10.1016/S0040-4020(01)87766-8
The research investigates the behavior of gem-cyano-ethoxycarbonyl compounds (la-c and 7) when treated with sodium borohydride (NaBH4) and lithium aluminium hydride (LiAlH4). The purpose is to explore the reduction reactions of these compounds and understand the resulting products and their conformations. The study found that treating la-c with NaBH4 in solvents like 2-propanol or PEG-400 led to the reduction of the ethoxycarbonyl group and reductive deacetylation, yielding compounds 2a-c and 3a-b. When la-c and 7 were treated with NaBH4-CoCl2, selective reduction of the cyano group to an aminomethyl group occurred, with an acetyl group migrating to the aminomethyl group. Reduction with LiAlH4 followed by acetylation produced gem-aminomethyl-hydroxymethyl compounds 6a-c and 11. The study concluded that the preferred conformations of the resulting compounds depend on the spatial arrangement of the acetoxy groups, with compounds like 4a-b, 5a-b, and 6a-b showing equatorial disposition, while others like 4c, 5c, and 6c preferred axial disposition. The findings provide insights into the reactivity and structural preferences of these compounds under different reducing conditions.
10.1039/c3ra40969d
The study explores a CuI–K2CO3-PEG 400 catalytic system for the ultrasound-mediated coupling-cyclization of o-iodobenzoic acid with terminal alkynes to synthesize 3-substituted isocoumarins. This method is highlighted as a greener and more selective alternative to traditional approaches. The CuI acts as the catalyst, K2CO3 serves as the base, and PEG 400 functions both as a solvent and a ligand, facilitating the formation of isocoumarins with high regioselectivity. The process avoids the use of expensive or toxic palladium catalysts and harmful organic solvents, making it a more sustainable and practical option for producing isocoumarins, which have significant pharmacological interest.
