Multi-step reaction with 9 steps
1.1: 1,2-dichloro-ethane / 2 h / 85 °C / Inert atmosphere
2.1: ethanol / 1 h / 20 °C / Inert atmosphere
3.1: sodium hydride / N,N-dimethyl-formamide; mineral oil / 1 h / 0 - 20 °C / Inert atmosphere
3.2: 14 h / 20 °C
4.1: hydrogenchloride; hydrogen / palladium 10% on activated carbon / ethyl acetate; ethanol; water / 6 h / 2585.81 Torr / Inert atmosphere
5.1: sodium ethanolate / ethanol / 5 h / 55 °C / Inert atmosphere
6.1: caesium carbonate / copper(l) iodide; N,N`-dimethylethylenediamine / 1,4-dioxane / 16 h / 95 °C / Inert atmosphere; sealed tube
7.1: potassium acetate / dichloro(1,1'-bis(diphenylphosphanyl)ferrocene)palladium(II)*CH2Cl2 / 1,4-dioxane / 95 °C / Inert atmosphere
8.1: potassium phosphate; sodium acetate / (1,1'-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene)palladium(II) dichloride / acetonitrile; water / 15 h / 110 °C / Inert atmosphere
9.1: water; lithium hydroxide / isopropyl alcohol; tetrahydrofuran / 2 h / 30 °C
With
hydrogenchloride; potassium phosphate; water; hydrogen; sodium ethanolate; potassium acetate; sodium acetate; sodium hydride; caesium carbonate; lithium hydroxide;
(1,1'-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene)palladium(II) dichloride; copper(l) iodide; dichloro(1,1'-bis(diphenylphosphanyl)ferrocene)palladium(II)*CH2Cl2; palladium 10% on activated carbon; N,N`-dimethylethylenediamine;
In
tetrahydrofuran; 1,4-dioxane; ethanol; water; ethyl acetate; 1,2-dichloro-ethane; N,N-dimethyl-formamide; isopropyl alcohol; acetonitrile; mineral oil;