Zinc

Base Information Edit

Chemical Name:Zinc
CAS No.:7440-66-6
Deprecated CAS:12793-53-2,195161-85-4,199281-21-5,298688-49-0,1865801-44-0,118102-83-3,2443494-44-6,91741-63-8,195161-85-4,199281-21-5,298688-49-0
Molecular Formula:Zn
Molecular Weight:65.39
Hs Code.:7904 00 00
European Community (EC) Number:231-175-3,273-802-3
ICSC Number:1205
UN Number:1435,1436
UNII:J41CSQ7QDS
DSSTox Substance ID:DTXSID7035012,DTXSID101316732,DTXSID201316735
Nikkaji Number:J1.458.431E,J3.735D
Wikipedia:Zinc
Wikidata:Q758,Q27117083,Q27117082
NCI Thesaurus Code:C948
RXCUI:11416
ChEMBL ID:CHEMBL1201279
Mol file:7440-66-6.mol

Synonyms:Zinc

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Chemical Property of Zinc Edit

Chemical Property:

Appearance/Colour:silver or blueish-white foil or powder
Vapor Pressure:1 mm Hg ( 487 °C)
Melting Point:420 °C(lit.)
Boiling Point:907 °C(lit.)
Flash Point:1 °F
PSA：0.00000
Density:7.14 g/mL at 25 °C
LogP:-0.00250
Storage Temp.:2-8°C
Sensitive.:Air & Moisture Sensitive
Solubility.:H2O: soluble
Water Solubility.:Soluble in water.
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count:0
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count:0
Rotatable Bond Count:0
Exact Mass:63.929142
Heavy Atom Count:1
Complexity:0
Transport DOT Label:Dangerous When Wet,Dangerous When Wet Spontaneously Combustible

Purity/Quality:

Safty Information:

Pictogram(s): N, F, Xi, Xn
Hazard Codes:N,F,Xi,Xn
Statements: 52/53-50/53-17-15-36/37/38-51/53-36/37-22-19-40-11
Safety Statements: 26-61-60-46-43-36-36/37-16

MSDS Files:

SDS file from LookChem

Total 1 MSDS from other Authors

Useful:

Chemical Classes:UVCB,Metals -> Elements,Metallic
Drug Classes:Trace Elements and Metals; Chelating Agents
Canonical SMILES:[Zn]
Recent ClinicalTrials:The Impact of Preoperative Supplementation of Zinc
Recent EU Clinical Trials:Prospective, randomized, double-blind clinical trial phase II for the anti-inflammatory effects of Curazink (zinc histidine) for 8 weeks in elderly patients with mild cognitive impairment in Alzheimer's disease or in patients with mild Alzheimer's disease
Recent NIPH Clinical Trials:5-AminoLevulinic Acid as anti-sarcopenia Diet; study of efficacy and Dose dependency IN sarcopenia patients
Inhalation Risk:A harmful concentration of airborne particles can be reached quickly when dispersed, especially if powdered or as fumes.
Effects of Short Term Exposure:May cause mechanical irritation to the eyes and respiratory tract. Inhalation of the respirable fraction may cause metal fume fever. This may result in influenza-like symptoms. The effects may be delayed up to 48 hours.
Effects of Long Term Exposure:Repeated or prolonged contact with skin may cause dermatitis. Repeated or prolonged inhalation may cause effects on the lungs. This may result in reduced lung function .
Description Zinc (Zn) is a metallic element discovered by a German chemist, Andreas Marggraf, in 1746. It is environmentally ubiquitous and essential for life. It exhibits a strong tendency to react with both organic and inorganic compounds. Zinc is the 24th most abundant element, constitutes 0.027% bw of the Earth’s crust, and has five stable isotopes. The largest mineable amounts are found in Australia, Asia, and the United States. A recent estimate suggests that approximately 20% of the world’s population is at risk of Zn deficiency. However, free access to uncontrolled amounts of Zn in nutritional supplements is the most common cause of Zn excess. Both Zn deficiency and Zn excess contribute to human Zn toxicity.
Physical properties Bluish-white lustrous metal; brittle at room temperature; malleable between 100 to 150°C; hexagonal close-packed structure; density 7.14 g/cm3; melts at 419.6°C; vaporizes at 907°C; vapor pressure 1 torr at 487°C, 5 torr at 558°C and 60 torr at 700°C; good conductor of electricity, electrical resistivity 5.46 microhm-cm at 0°C and 6.01 microhm-cm at 25°C; surface tension 768 dynes/cm at 600°C; viscosity 3.17 and 2.24 centipoise at 450 and 600°C, respectively; diamagnetic; magnetic susceptibility 0.139x10–6 cgs units in polycrystalline form; thermal neutron absorption cross-section 1.1 barns. Zinc is a whitish metal with a bluish hue. As an electropositive metal, it readily gives up itstwo outer electrons located in the N shell as it combines with nonmetal elements. Zinc foilwill ignite in moist air, and zinc shavings and powder react violently with acids. Zinc’s meltingpoint is 419.58°C, its boiling point is 907°C, and its density is 7.14 g/cm3.Note: Zinc is not always included as one of the metals in the first series of the transitionelements, but it is the first element in group 12 (IIB).
Uses zinc is described as an oligo element, trace element, or micro nutrient. Zinc is believed to accelerate wound healing. It is also considered an anti-oxidant, offering protection against uV radiation. It appears to favor the sulfur uptake in sulfurated amino acids and facilitates the incorporation of cysteine, an amino acid, into the skin. It also has a synergistic effect with vitamins A and e. Zinc is a component of more than 70 metal enzymes. It promotes collagen synthesis in the dermis and keratinization of the corneum layer. Zinc is useful for acne treatments because it lowers sebaceous secretion, and is also used in the treatment of psoriasis. (Zn) A metallic element that functions as a nutrient and dietary supplement. It is believed to be necessary for nucleic acid metabolism, protein synthesis, and cell growth. Sources of include zinc acetate, carbonate, chloride, citrate, gluconate, oxide, stearate, and sulfate. The gluconate form is used in lozenges. The sulfate form exists as prisms, needles, or powder. It has a solubility of 1 g in 0.6 ml of water and is found in frozen egg substitutes. Zinc is another earliest known metal. Use of its alloy, brass, dates back to prehistoric times. The metal was produced in India in the 13th century by reducing calamine (a silicate mineral of zinc) with wool. Marggraf produced the metal in 1746 by reducing calamine with charcoal. The element took its name from the German word zink meaning “of obscure origin.” Lohneyes first used this name in 1697. Zinc occurs in nature, widely distributed. The principal ores are sphalerite (and wurtzite) known as zinc blende, ZnS; gahnite, ZnAl2O4; calamine; smithsonite, ZnCO3; franklinite, ZnFe2O4; and zincite, ZnO. Abundance in earth’s crust is about 70 mg/kg and average concentration in sea water is about 10 μg/L. Some important applications of zinc include galvanizing steel; to produce die castings; as a chemical additive in rubber and paints; in dry cells; in making electrodes; and as a reducing agent. Steel is galvanized by a thin coating of zinc to protect it from corrosion. Such galvanized steel is used in buildings, cars, and appliances. High-purity zinc is alloyed with aluminum at varying compositions, along with small amounts of copper and magnesium, to produce die castings. Such die castings are used extensively in automotive, hardware, and electrical industries. Zinc forms numerous alloys including brass, nickel silver, German silver, commercial bronze, soft solder, aluminum solder, and spring brass. The laboratory use of zinc includes preparating hydrogen gas and as a reducing agent in a number of chemical reactions. Zinc salts have numerous uses (See under specific compounds). Zinc is an essential nutrient element required for growth of animals. This bluish white metallic element is found in sphalerite ore that is roasted to give an oxide that is reduced with carbon to make zinc vapor, which is condensed. Elemental zinc foil was occasionally used to decolorize old collodion rich in iodine. The zinc halides were used primarily in collodion emulsions. Zinc is a constituent of many common alloys,including brass, bronze, Babbit metal, andGerman Silver. It is used to make householdutensils, castings, printing plates, buildingmaterials, electrical apparatus, dry-cell batteriesand many zinc salts. It is also used to galvanize sheet iron, bleaching bone glue andas a reducing agent in many organic reactions.

Technology Process of Zinc

There total 327 articles about Zinc which guide to synthetic route it. The literature collected by LookChem mainly comes from the sharing of users and the free literature resources found by Internet computing technology. We keep the original model of the professional version of literature to make it easier and faster for users to retrieve and use. At the same time, we analyze and calculate the most feasible synthesis route with the highest yield for your reference as below:

synthetic route:

Reference yield: 98.4%

: willemite

: 7440-66-6
zinc

Guidance literature:: With pyrographite; In neat (no solvent); redn. on react. with excess C (beech-wood coal, 400% excess) in hard porcelain tube in a stream of N2 at 995°C after 240min;;

Reference yield:

: lithium amide

: zinc nitride

: lithium hydride

: lithium zinc nitride

: 1333-74-0
hydrogen

: 7440-66-6
zinc

Guidance literature:: lithium amide; zinc nitride; lithium hydride; In neat (no solvent); Milling; Inert atmosphere; Glovebox;

In neat (no solvent); at 500 ℃; for 2h; Temperature; Inert atmosphere;
DOI:10.1016/j.jallcom.2014.12.190