10.1021/ja00978a039
The study investigates the substituent effects on the 19F and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra of 4-substituted 3,5-dimethylfluorobenzenes. The researchers prepared a series of 4-substituted 3,5-dimethylfluorobenzenes and measured their 19F NMR chemical shifts in carbon tetrachloride and dimethylformamide. They compared these values with those of para-substituted fluorobenzenes to understand the contributions of steric hindrance and mesomeric interactions. The study found that the differences in chemical shifts could be attributed to steric hindrance of mesomerism, suggesting that the σ-inductive effect is not significant. The proton NMR spectra of these compounds were also examined, revealing that proton chemical shifts are highly sensitive to long-range magnetic interactions, making their interpretation more complex compared to 19F NMR shifts. The study concludes that the 19F NMR shifts can be interpreted reasonably well in terms of substituent effect theory, while proton NMR shifts are more influenced by long-range magnetic interactions.