Multi-step reaction with 13 steps
1.1: water; sodium chloride / dimethyl sulfoxide / 3.5 h / 160 °C / Inert atmosphere
2.1: toluene-4-sulfonic acid / benzene / 48 h / 20 °C / Inert atmosphere
3.1: lithium aluminium tetrahydride / tetrahydrofuran / 10 - 20 °C / Inert atmosphere; Cooling with acetone-dry ice
3.2: 1.5 h / -5 - 30 °C
4.1: pyridine / dmap / 48 h / 20 °C
5.1: hydrogenchloride; water / tetrahydrofuran / 3.5 h / 52 °C
6.1: ammonium hydroxide; ammonium chloride / tetrahydrofuran; methanol
7.1: sodium carbonate monohydrate / dichloromethane; water / 2.5 h / 20 °C / Inert atmosphere
8.1: hydroxylamine / water; tetrahydrofuran / 5 h / Reflux
9.1: tetrahydrofuran / Reflux
10.1: dichloromethane; xylene / 24 h / 115 °C
11.1: N,N,N',N'-tetramethylguanidine / toluene / 1.5 h / Reflux
12.1: ethanol / 22 h / 20 - 90 °C / Inert atmosphere
13.1: tetramethlyammonium chloride / dimethyl sulfoxide / 96 h / 80 °C
With
pyridine; hydrogenchloride; ammonium hydroxide; lithium aluminium tetrahydride; sodium carbonate monohydrate; water; hydroxylamine; tetramethlyammonium chloride; ammonium chloride; sodium chloride; N,N,N',N'-tetramethylguanidine;
dmap; toluene-4-sulfonic acid;
In
tetrahydrofuran; methanol; ethanol; dichloromethane; water; dimethyl sulfoxide; toluene; xylene; benzene;