Azo coupling is a reaction where two diazonium salts react to form an azo compound, which contains a double nitrogen-nitrogen (N=N) bond. Azo coupling reactions typically require the presence of a coupling agent, such as phenol or aniline, which can facilitate the formation of the N=N bond. Azo coupling can compete with arylation reactions when multiple diazonium salts are present in the reaction mixture.
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