106729-72-0Relevant articles and documents
Carbonate phosphonium salts as catalysts for the transesterification of dialkyl carbonates with diols. The competition between cyclic carbonates and linear dicarbonate products
Selva, Maurizio,Caretto, Alessio,Noe, Marco,Perosa, Alvise
, p. 4143 - 4155 (2014)
At 90-120 °C, in the presence of methylcarbonate and bicarbonate methyltrioctylphosphonium salts as catalysts ([P8881][A]; [A] = MeOCO2 and HOCO2), the transesterification of non-toxic dimethyl- and diethyl-carbonate (DMC and DEC, respectively) with 1,X-diols (2 ≤ X ≤ 6) proceeds towards the formation of cyclic and linear products. In particular, 1,2-propanediol and ethylene glycol afford propylene- and ethylene-carbonate with selectivity and yields up to 95 and 90%, respectively; while, the reaction of DMC with higher diols such 1,3-butanediol, 2-methyl-1,3-propanediol, 1,3-propanediol, 2,2-dimethyl, 1,3-propanediol, 1,4-butanediol and 1,6-hexanediol produce linear C8-C10 dicarbonates of general formula MeOC(O)O～～～OC(O)OMe as the almost exclusive products. Of note, these dicarbonate derivatives are not otherwise accessible in good yields by other conventional base catalyzed methods. Among 1,3-diols, the only exception was 2-methyl 2,4-pentandiol that yields the corresponding cyclic carbonate, i.e. 4,4,6-trimethyl-1,3-dioxan-2-one. In no one case, polycarbonates are observed. Such remarkable differences of product distributions are ascribed to the structure (branching and relative position of OH groups) of diols and to the role of cooperative (nucleophilic and electrophilic) catalysis which has been proved for onium salts. The investigated carbonate salts are not only effective in amounts as low as 0.5 mol%, but they are highly stable and recyclable. This journal is the Partner Organisations 2014.
Fast and facile preparation of metal-doped g-C3N4 composites for catalytic synthesis of dimethyl carbonate
Xu, Jie,Long, Kai-Zhou,Wang, Yue,Xue, Bing,Li, Yong-Xin
, p. 1 - 8 (2015/09/28)
Zn-doped g-C3N4 materials (Zn-g-C3N4) were prepared by a simple mixing and calcination, using dicyandiamide as a precursor and zinc halide as a dopant. The characterization results of CO2 temperature-programmed desorption and elemental analysis revealed that the introduction of Zn species enhanced the overall basic quantity of g-C3N4. In the transesterification of ethylene carbonate with CH3OH to dimethyl carbonate (DMC), the Zn-g-C3N4 catalysts showed superior catalytic activity to the pure g-C3N4, and the highest DMC yield reached 83.3%, along with stable catalytic reusability and reproducibility. Furthermore, other transition-metal halides (including FeCl3, CuCl2, NiCl2, etc.) could be utilized as dopants for g-C3N4, and the obtained doped g-C3N4 materials also showed high EC conversions above 70%. The upgradation of basic quantity of g-C3N4 was attributed to the reaction between metal halide and the active amine species of g-C3N4. Despite their low surface areas, under the same catalytic conditions, Zn-g-C3N4 catalysts demonstrated remarkably higher catalytic activity than other mesoporous carbon nitride materials.
PROCESS FOR PREPARING CARBONATE AND DIOL PRODUCTS
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Paragraph 0065-00072, (2013/09/12)
A method of forming a cyclic carbonate product is carried out by reacting an alkylene oxide, such as ethylene oxide, with carbon dioxide in the presence of a metal organic framework (MOF) catalyst with less than 0.5 mol % of any potassium or quaternary ammonium salts present based on moles of alkylene oxide feed in a reaction zone under reaction conditions to form a cyclic carbonate product. The cyclic carbonate product may be optionally fed as a crude carbonate product that does not undergo any purification or separation, other than the optional removal of any portion of unreacted alkylene oxide, carbon dioxide, and light hydrocarbon gases, to a second reaction zone containing a transesterification catalyst along with an aliphatic monohydric alcohol. The cyclic carbonate product and monohydric alcohol are allowed to react under reaction conditions to form the dialkyl carbonate and diol products.
