108428-80-4

Upstream product

• 100-42-5 styrene 
• 64-19-7 acetic acid 
• 20780-53-4 (R)-Styrene oxide 

Relevant academic research and scientific papers

HFIP-promoted synthesis of substituted tetrahydrofurans by reaction of epoxides with electron-rich alkenes

In the present work, the employment of fluorinated alcohols, specifically 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoroisopropanol (HFIP), as solvent and promoter of the catalyst-free synthesis of substituted tetrahydrofuranes through the addition of electron-rich alkenes to epoxydes is described. The unique properties of this fluorinated alcohol, which is very different from their non-fluorinated analogs, allows carrying out this new straightforward protocol under smooth reaction conditions affording the corresponding adducts in moderate yields in the majority of cases. Remarkably, this methodology has allowed the synthesis of new tetrahydrofuran-based spiro compounds as well as tetrahydrofurobenzofuran derivatives. The scope and limitations of the process are also discussed. Mechanistic studies were also performed pointing towards a purely ionic or a SN2-type process depending on the nucleophilicity of the alkene employed.

The Role of Copper(II) Salts in the Oxidation of Aryl-substituted Alkenes by Peroxydisulphate Anion

The effect of copper(II) ions on the oxidation, in acetic acid, of aryl-substituted alkenes by peroxydisulphate anion has been investigated.In the presence of the metal ions an electron-transfer process operates akin to that identified in the oxidation of alkenes by other one-electron oxidants.It is suggested that the electron-transfer agent is copper(III) and that the resultant alkene radical-cation is converted into hydroxy acetates in good yield.S2O8(2-) alone decomposes more slowly to SO4(*-) which undergoes radical addition to the alkene leading ultimately to diacetates.The presence of sodium acetate in the system reduces considerably the conversion of alkene as a result, it is suggested, of competitive oxidation of the acetate anion.