109128-84-9

Upstream product

• 286-20-4 cyclohexane-1,2-epoxide 
• 100-61-8 N-methylaniline 
• 38382-30-8 trans-(2-(phenylamino)cyclohexanol) 
• 77-78-1 dimethyl sulfate 
• 618-40-6 1-Methyl-1-phenylhydrazine 
• 62-53-3 aniline 
• 28141-32-4 2-Iodo-cyclohexanol 
• 591-50-4 iodobenzene 
• 20431-81-6 rac-trans-2-methylamino-cyclohexanol 
• 286-20-4 cyclohexene oxide 

Downstream Products

• 110674-21-0 C₁₃H₁₉NO₂ 
• 822-67-3 Cyclohex-2-enol 

Relevant academic research and scientific papers

Tetragonal versus hexagonal: Structure-dependent catalytic activity of Co/Zn bimetallic metal-organic frameworks

Tetragonal and hexagonal phases of monometallic Zn and bimetallic Co/Zn metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), with secondary building units (SBUs) containing a M3O (M = metal) cluster, were synthesized from identical constituents using a benzenetricarboxylate (BTC3-) linker that forms decorated 3,6- and 3,5-connected networks, respectively. There exist subtle differences between the SBUs; one of the metal atoms in the M3O cluster in the tetragonal phase has one dissociable DMF solvent molecule while that in the hexagonal phase has three. Connectivities between the SBUs form one-dimensional channels in both MOFs. These MOFs catalyze the chemoselective addition of amines to epoxides, giving exclusively β-hydroxyamine under heterogeneous conditions. A ring-opening reaction of a symmetrical epoxide showed that the hexagonal phase diastereoselectively yields trans-alcohol, exhibiting an exquisite model for structure-dependent activity.

Strongly Lewis Acidic Metal-Organic Frameworks for Continuous Flow Catalysis

The synthesis of highly acidic metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) has attracted significant research interest in recent years. We report here the design of a strongly Lewis acidic MOF, ZrOTf-BTC, through two-step transformation of MOF-808 (Zr-BTC) secondary building units (SBUs). Zr-BTC was first treated with 1 M hydrochloric acid solution to afford ZrOH-BTC by replacing each bridging formate group with a pair of hydroxide and water groups. The resultant ZrOH-BTC was further treated with trimethylsilyl triflate (Me3SiOTf) to afford ZrOTf-BTC by taking advantage of the oxophilicity of the Me3Si group. Electron paramagnetic resonance spectra of Zr-bound superoxide and fluorescence spectra of Zr-bound N-methylacridone provided a quantitative measurement of Lewis acidity of ZrOTf-BTC with an energy splitting (?E) of 0.99 eV between the ?x? and ?y? orbitals, which is competitive to the homogeneous benchmark Sc(OTf)3. ZrOTf-BTC was shown to be a highly active solid Lewis acid catalyst for a broad range of important organic transformations under mild conditions, including Diels-Alder reaction, epoxide ring-opening reaction, Friedel-Crafts acylation, and alkene hydroalkoxylation reaction. The MOF catalyst outperformed Sc(OTf)3 in terms of both catalytic activity and catalyst lifetime. Moreover, we developed a ZrOTf-BTC?SiO2 composite as an efficient solid Lewis acid catalyst for continuous flow catalysis. The Zr centers in ZrOTf-BTC?SiO2 feature identical coordination environment to ZrOTf-BTC based on spectroscopic evidence. ZrOTf-BTC?SiO2 displayed exceptionally high turnover numbers (TONs) of 1700 for Diels-Alder reaction, 2700 for epoxide ring-opening reaction, and 326 for Friedel-Crafts acylation under flow conditions. We have thus created strongly Lewis acidic sites in MOFs via triflation and constructed the MOF?SiO2 composite for continuous flow catalysis of important organic transformations.

Magnetic g-C3N4 nanocomposite-catalyzed environmentally benign aminolysis of epoxide

A magnetic graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) nanocomposite was prepared and used as a novel magnetically retrievable nanocatalyst for efficient ring opening of epoxides with aromatic amines. A variety of aryl and alkyl epoxides were

A robust and recyclable polyurea-encapsulated copper(I) chloride for one-pot ring-opening/Huisgen cycloaddition/CO2 capture in water

Multicomponent ring-opening/Huisgen cycloaddition reactions combined with CO2 capture with a polyurea-encapsulated copper salt as a catalyst that in situ formed from simple CuCl and soluble polyurea during the reaction were carried out successf

Phenalenyl in a different role: Catalytic activation through the nonbonding molecular orbital

We have demonstrated that the nonbonding molecular orbital (NBMO) of the phenalenyl (PLY) cation can be used as a Lewis acid catalyst for different organic transformations. Detailed computational and spectroscopic studies for the aminolysis reaction of ep

A Direct C-H/Ar-H Coupling Approach to Oxindoles, Thio-oxindoles, 3,4-Dihydro-1 H-quinolin-2-ones, and 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydroquinolines

A copper(II)-catalysed approach to oxindoles, thio-oxindoles, 3,4-dihydro-1H-quinolin-2-ones, and 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinolines via formal C-H, Ar-H coupling is described. In a new variant, copper(II) 2-ethylhexanoate has been identified as an inexpensive and efficient catalyst for this transformation, which utilises atmospheric oxygen as the re-oxidant. Copper(II) 2-ethylhexanoate: The synthesis of oxindoles, thio-oxindoles, 3,4-dihydro-1H-quinolin-2-ones, and 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinolines from linear precursors by direct C-H, Ar-H coupling by using a single copper catalyst is reported (see scheme; DIPEA=diisopropylethylamine, EWG=electron-withdrawing group). The cyclisations are simple to perform, run open to the air, are moisture insensitive, and use an inexpensive catalyst.

Fe(III) substituted Wells-Dawson type polyoxometalate: An efficient catalyst for ring opening of epoxides with aromatic amines

Various β-aminoalcohols were prepared by the ring opening reaction of epoxides with aromatic amines in the presence of Fe(III) substituted Wells-Dawson type polyoxometalate, α2-[(n-C4H 9)4N]7P2/

Zinc tetrafluoroborate hydrate as a mild catalyst for epoxide ring opening with amines: Scope and limitations of metal tetrafluoroborates and applications in the synthesis of antihypertensive drugs (RS)/(R)/(S)-metoprolols

The scope and limitations of metal tetrafluoroborates have been studied for epoxide ring-opening reaction with amines, and Zn(BF4) 2?xH2O has been found to be a mild and efficient catalyst affording high yields under solvent-free conditions at rt with excellent chemo-, regio-, and stereoselectivities. The catalytic efficiency followed the order Zn(BF4)2?xH2O ? Cu(BF4)2?xH2O > Co(BF4) 2?6H2O ? Fe(BF4)2? 6H2O > LiBF4 for reactions with cyclohexene oxide and Zn(BF4)2?xH2O ? Co(BF4) 2?6H2O ? Fe(BF4)2? 6H2O > Cu(BF4)2?xH2O for stilbene oxide, but AgBF4 was ineffective. For reaction of styrene oxide with aniline, the metal tetrafluoroborates exhibited comparable regioselectivity (1:99-7:93) with preferential reaction at the benzylic carbon of the epoxide ring. A reversal of regioselectivity (91:1-69:31) in favor of the reaction at the terminal carbon of the epoxide ring was observed for reaction with morpholine. The regioselectivity was dependent on the electronic and steric factors of the epoxide and the pKa of the amine and independent of amine nucleophilicity. The role of the metal tetrafluoroborates is envisaged as "electrophile nucleophile dual activation" through cooperativity of coordination, charge-charge interaction, and hydrogen-bond formation that rationalizes the catalytic efficiency, substrate reactivity, and regioselectivity. The methodology was used for synthesis of cardiovascular drug metoprolol as racemic and enriched enantiomeric forms.

Silica chloride nano particle catalyzed ring opening of epoxides by aromatic amines

Silica chloride nano particle (nano SiO2-Cl), has been found to be heterogeneous catalyst for facile, simple and mild ring opening of epoxides with aromatic amines to afford β-amino alcohols in dry CH 2Cl2 at room temperature.

Zr(DS)4 as an efficient catalyst for the aminolysis of epoxides in water

Zirconium dodecyl sulfate [Zr(DS)4] is an efficient catalyst for the aminolysis of epoxides in water at pH 5.0. Epoxides and anilines were used and the corresponding β-amino alcohols were isolated in generally high regioselectivity and excellen