1124-54-5Relevant articles and documents
Silica supported perchloric acid (HClO4-SiO2): an efficient reagent for the preparation of primary carbamates under solvent-free conditions
Modarresi-Alam, Ali Reza,Khamooshi, Ferydoon,Nasrollahzadeh, Mahmoud,Amirazizi, Homeyra Alsadat
, p. 8723 - 8726 (2007)
The synthesis of primary carbamates from structurally diverse compounds containing a hydroxyl group has been performed in high yields and purity, and without any epimerization under solvent-free conditions using HClO4-SiO2 as a mild, convenient, and effective reagent. The procedure is operationally simple, efficient, and environmentally benign.
Indium(III)-Catalyzed Synthesis of Primary Carbamates and N-Substituted Ureas
Jain, Isha,Malik, Payal
supporting information, p. 93 - 97 (2021/11/26)
An indium triflate-catalyzed synthesis of primary carbamates from alcohols and urea as an ecofriendly carbonyl source has been developed. Various linear, branched, and cyclic alcohols were converted into the corresponding carbamates in good to excellent yields. This method also provided access to N-substituted ureas by carbamoylation of amines. All the products were obtained by simple filtration or crystallization, without the need for chromatographic purification. Mechanistic investigations suggest that the carbamoylation reaction proceeds through activation of urea by O-coordination with indium, followed by nucleophilic attack by the alcohol or amine on the carbonyl center of urea. The inexpensive and easily available starting materials and catalyst, the short reaction times, and the ease of product isolation highlight the inherent practicality of the developed method.
Superparamagnetic Fe3O4 Nanoparticles in a Deep Eutectic Solvent: An Efficient and Recyclable Catalytic System for the Synthesis of Primary Carbamates and Monosubstituted Ureas
Inaloo, Iman Dindarloo,Majnooni, Sahar,Esmaeilpour, Mohsen
, p. 3481 - 3488 (2018/07/29)
Superparamagnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles were used to synthesize various primary carbamates as well as monosubstituted and N,N-disubstituted ureas. This efficient phosgene-free process used urea as an eco-friendly carbonyl source in the presence of a biocompatible deep eutectic solvent (DES) to provide an inexpensive and attractive route that afforded the products in moderate to excellent yields. The employed DES serves both a catalytic role and as the green reaction medium. The magnetic nanocatalyst and DES can been reused several times without a significant loss of activity.