122832-87-5Relevant academic research and scientific papers
An efficient synthesis of a lycobetaine-tortuosine analogue: A potent topoisomerase inhibitor
Merz, Karl-Heinz,Muller, Thierry,Vanderheiden, Sylvia,Eisenbrand, Gerhard,Marko, Doris,Br?se, Stefan
, p. 3461 - 3463 (2006)
An efficient gram-scale synthesis that uses a Suzuki cross-coupling reaction to yield 5-methyl-2,9-dimethoxyphenanthridinium chloride, a lycobetaine-tortuosine analogue and potent topoisomerase inhibitor, is presented. Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart.
Harnessing Cascade Suzuki-Cyclization Reactions of Pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine for the Synthesis of Tetracyclic Fused Heteroaromatics
Lavrard, Hubert,Popowycz, Florence
, p. 600 - 608 (2017/02/05)
Numerous procedures have been described for the functionalization of pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine, mainly involving nucleophilic substitutions at the C-4 position or esterifications/amidations at the C-5 position. In this paper, we describe a robust, easy to implement protocol for the Suzuki cross-coupling reaction of chloroarene 2, followed by in-situ lactonization to provide chromenopyrazolopyridines. The extension of the scope of the reaction to fused naphthyridinones is also reported. This strategy gave access to 10 original pyrazolopyridine-containing tetracyclic compounds.
Synthesis, topoisomerase-targeting activity and growth inhibition of lycobetaine analogs
Baechler, Simone A.,Fehr, Markus,Habermeyer, Michael,Hofmann, Andreas,Merz, Karl-Heinz,Fiebig, Heinz-Herbert,Marko, Doris,Eisenbrand, Gerhard
, p. 814 - 823 (2013/02/25)
The plant alkaloid lycobetaine has potent topoisomerase-targeting properties and shows anticancer activity. Based on these findings, several lycobetaine analogs were synthesized mainly differing in their substituents at 2, 8 and 9 position and their biological activities were evaluated. The topoisomerase-targeting properties and cytotoxicity of these structural analogs were assessed in the human gastric carcinoma cell line GXF251L. Performing a plasmid relaxation assay, an increased inhibition of topoisomerase I was found with N-methylphenanthridinium chlorides bearing a 8,9-methylenedioxy moiety or a methoxy group in 2-position. Furthermore, quaternized phenanthridinium derivatives bearing either a 2-methoxy or a 8,9-methylenedioxy moiety in conjunction with a 2-hydroxy or 2-methoxy group display potent topoisomerase II inhibition as shown by decatenation of kinetoplast DNA. In general, the N-methylphenanthridinium chlorides possess more potency in inhibiting topoisomerase I than topoisomerase II. All quaternized derivatives also exhibited potent inhibition of tumor cell growth in the low micromolar concentration range. Hence, N-methylphenanthridinium compounds were found to represent a promising class of compounds, potently inhibiting both, topoisomerases I and II, and may be further developed into clinically useful topoisomerase inhibitors.
Dynemicin analogs
-
, (2008/06/13)
Non-naturally occuring dynemicin analogs are provided, which are useful as DNA cleaving agents, cytotoxic agents, and/or anti-tumor compounds. Methods of making dynemicin analogs are also provided.
A convergent synthetic route to (+)-dynemicin a and analogs of wide structural variability
Myers, Andrew G.,Tom, Norma J.,Fraley, Mark E.,Cohen, Scott B.,Madar, David J.
, p. 6072 - 6094 (2007/10/03)
An enantioselective synthetic route to (+)-dynemicin A (1) is described that involves as the key and final step the Diels-Alder cycloaddition of the quinone imine 6 with the isobenzofuran 107 followed by an oxidative workup to provide (+)-1 in 40% yield. The synthetic route begins with the condensation of (-)-menthyl acetoacetate and trans-ethyl crotonate to form the crystalline cyclohexanedione 14, which is then transformed to the enantiomerically pure quinone imine 6 in 23 steps with an average yield of 85% and an overall yield of 2-3%. Key features of this sequence include the coupling of the enol triflate 11 and the arylboronic acid 10 (90%), the thermal deprotection/internal amidation of the coupling product 18 (84%), the use of 2-chloropyridine as an economical alternative to 2,6-di-tert-butylpyridine to promote the reaction of the quinolone 9 and triflic anhydride (85%), the highly stereoselective addition of the (Z)-enediyne 31 to the quinoline 61 (89%), intramolecular acetylide addition within the acetylenic ketone 66 (94%), and oxidation of the phenol 76 with iodosobenzene to afford the quinone imine precursor 77 in 89% yield. Both the quinone imine and isobenzofuran components of the final coupling reaction can be varied, thus providing an ideal route for the preparation of a wide variety of dynemicin analogs.
