125552-98-9

Upstream product

• 529-19-1 2-Methylbenzonitrile 
• 100-47-0 benzonitrile 
• 89-95-2 2-methyl-benzyl alcohol 
• 55-21-0 benzamide 
• 89-93-0 ortho-methylbenzylamine 
• 89-92-9 2-methylbenzyl bromide 
• 95-47-6 o-xylene 
• 17373-93-2 2-methylbenzyl acetate 
• 529-20-4 2-methylphenyl aldehyde 
• 35629-84-6 N'-(2-methylbenzylidene)-4-methylbenzenesulfonohydrazide 
• 95-49-8 2-methylchlorobenzene 
• 98-88-4 benzoyl chloride 
• 15018-12-9 2-methoxymethyltoluene 

Downstream Products

• 18913-39-8 isoindolin-2-yl(phenyl)methanone 

Relevant academic research and scientific papers

Convenient synthesis of amides by Zn(ClO4)2·6H2O catalysed Ritter reaction with nitriles and halohydrocarbons

A convenient and high yielding procedure for the synthesis of amides by the Ritter reaction of nitriles and halohydrocarbons in the presence of Zn(ClO4)2·6H2O as a highly stable, effective and available catalyst is described.

Highly Efficient Copper-Catalyzed Amidation of Benzylic Hydrocarbons Under Neutral Conditions

A ligand free method has been developed for the amidation of benzylic hydrocarbons. A range of benzylic amides has been prepared with the use of dicumyl peroxide and a copper catalyst in good to excellent yields.

FeCl2·4H2O catalyzed ritter reaction with nitriles and halohydrocarbons

An efficient and inexpensive synthesis of N-substituted amides from the Ritter reaction of nitriles with various halohydrocarbons catalyzed by FeCl2·4H2O is described. FeCl2·4H2O economically efficiently catalyzed the Ritter reaction under solvent-free conditions. A range of halohydrocarbons (benzyl, tert-butyl and sec-alkyl halohydrocarbons) were coupled with nitriles to provide the corresponding amides in high to excellent yields.

Acetonitrile and benzonitrile as versatile amino sources in copper-catalyzed mild electrochemical C-H amidation reactions

A mild, efficient electrochemical approach to the site-selective direct C-H amidation of benzene and its derivatives with acetonitrile and benzonitrile has been developed. It has been shown that joint electrochemical oxidation of various arenes in the presence of a copper salt as a catalyst and nitriles leads to the formation of N-phenylacetamide from benzene and N-benzylacetamides from benzyl derivatives (up to 78% yield). A favorable feature of the process is mild conditions (room temperature, ambient pressure, no strong oxidants) that meet the criteria of green chemistry.

Synthesis of Benzoisoselenazolones via Rh(III)-Catalyzed Direct Annulative Selenation by Using Elemental Selenium

Isoselenazolone derivatives have attracted significant research interest because of their potent therapeutic activities and indispensable applications in organic synthesis. Efficient construction of functionalized isoselenazolone scaffolds is still challenging, and thus new synthetic approaches with improved operational simplicity have been of particular interest. In this manuscript, we introduce a rhodium-catalyzed direct selenium annulation by using stable and tractable elemental selenium. A series of benzamides as well as acrylamides were successfully coupled with selenium under mild reaction conditions, and the obtained isoselenazolones could be pivotal synthetic precursors for several organoselenium compounds. Based on the designed control experiments and X-ray absorption spectroscopy measurements, we propose an unprecedented selenation mechanism involving a highly electrophilic Se(IV) species as the reactive selenium donor. The reaction mechanism was further verified by a computational study.

The synthesis and structure of pyridine-oxadiazole iridium complexes and catalytic applications: Non-coordinating-anion-tuned selective C–N bond formation

Several novel pyridine-oxadiazole iridium complexes were synthesized and characterized through X-ray crystallography. The designed iridium complexes revealed surprisingly high catalytic activity in C–N bondformation of amides and benzyl alcohols with the assistance of non-coordinating anions. In an attempt to achieve borrowing hydrogen reactions of amides with benzyl alcohols, N,N'-(phenylmethylene)dibenzamide products were unexpectedly isolated under non-coordinating anion conditions, whereas N-benzylbenzamide products were achieved in the absence of non-coordinating anions. The mechanism explorations excluded the possibility of “silver effect” (silver-assisted or bimetallic catalysis) and revealed that the reactivity of iridium catalyst was varied by non-coordinating anions. This work provided a convenient and useful methodology that allowed the iridium complex to be a chemoselective catalyst and demonstrated the first example of non-coordinating-anion-tuned selective C–N bond formation

An efficient transformation of methyl ethers and nitriles to amides catalyzed by Iron(III) perchlorate hydrate

An efficient and inexpensive synthesis of N-substituted amides from the reaction of nitriles with methyl ethers catalyzed by Fe(ClO4)3·H2O is described. Fe(ClO4)3·H2O is an economically efficient catalyst for the Ritter Reaction under solvent-free conditions. A range of methyl ethers (benzyl, sec-alkyl and tert-butyl ethers) were reacted with nitriles to provide the corresponding amides in high–excellent yields.

Fe(ClO 4) 3 ·h 2 O-Catalyzed Ritter Reaction: A Convenient Synthesis of Amides from Esters and Nitriles

An efficient and inexpensive synthesis of N-substituted amides from the Ritter reaction of nitriles with esters catalyzed by Fe(ClO 4) 3 ·H 2 O is described. Fe(ClO 4) 3 ·H 2 O is an economically efficient catalyst for the Ritter reaction under solvent-free conditions. Reactions of a range of esters (benzyl, sec-alkyl, and tert-butyl esters) with nitriles (primary, secondary, tertiary, and aryl nitriles) were performed to provide the corresponding amides in high to excellent yields.

Nickel-Catalyzed Phosphine Free Direct N-Alkylation of Amides with Alcohols

Herein, we developed an operational simple, practical, and selective Ni-catalyzed synthesis of secondary amides. Application of renewable alcohols, earth-abundant and nonprecious nickel catalyst facilitates the transformations, releasing water as byproduct. The catalytic system is tolerant to a variety of functional groups including nitrile, allylic ether, and alkene and could be extended to the synthesis of bis-amide, antiemetic drug Tigan, and dopamine D2 receptor antagonist Itopride. Preliminary mechanistic studies revealed the participation of a benzylic C-H bond in the rate-determining step.

Clean synthesis of primary to tertiary carboxamides by CsOH-catalyzed aminolysis of nitriles in water

Using CsOH as the only catalyst and utilizing its "cesium effect", a clean synthesis of a wide range of primary, secondary, and tertiary carboxamides was achieved by aminolysis reactions of nitriles with ammonia, primary, or secondary amines in water. Studies on the control reactions revealed that the reactions with ammonia most probably proceed via an aminolysis path by the initial addition of ammonia to Cs-activated nitriles to form unsubstituted amidine intermediates, while the reactions with primary or secondary amines may proceed via a hydration/transamidation path by the initial hydration of the Cs-activated nitriles to form primary carboxamide intermediates followed by their transamidation with amines through the formation of substituted amidine intermediates.