126312-57-0

Upstream product

• 24424-99-5 di-tert-butyl dicarbonate 
• 83902-02-7 2,6-dimethylbenzyl bromide 
• 632-46-2 2,6-dimethylbenzoic acid 
• 1421858-99-2 (S)-methyl-3-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-2-(picolinamido)propanoate 
• 2766-43-0 N-tert-butyloxycarbonyl-L-serine methyl ester 
• 93267-04-0 N-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)-L-3-iodoalanine methyl ester 
• 187829-92-1 (S)-2-(Benzhydrylidene-amino)-1-((1S,5R,7R)-10,10-dimethyl-3,3-dioxo-3λ⁶-thia-4-aza-tricyclo[5.2.1.0^1,5]dec-4-yl)-3-(2,6-dimethyl-phenyl)-propan-1-one 
• 62285-58-9 2,6-dimethylbenzyl alcohol 
• 103854-26-8 α-(S)-2',6'-dimethylphenylalanine 

Downstream Products

• 943726-80-5 N^α-tert-butyloxycarbonyl-2',6'-dimethyl-L-tyrosyl-L-prolyl-2',6'-dimethyl-L-phenylalanyl-L-phenylalanylamide 
• 479203-54-8 N^α-tert-butyloxycarbonyl-2',6'-dimethyl-L-phenylalanyl-L-phenylalanylamide 

Relevant academic research and scientific papers

Synthesis of 2,6-Dimethyltyrosine-Like Amino Acids through Pinacolinamide-Enabled C-H Dimethylation of 4-Dibenzylamino Phenylalanine

The synthesis of a small library of NH-Boc- or NH-Fmoc-protected l-phenylalanines carrying methyl groups at positions 2 and 6 and diverse functionalities at position 4 has been achieved. The approach, which took advantage of a Pd-catalyzed directed C-H dimethylation of picolinamide derivatives, allowed the electronic and steric properties of the resulting amino acid derivatives to be altered by appending a variety of electron-withdrawing, electron-donating, or bulky groups.

Preparation of Constrained Unnatural Aromatic Amino Acids via Unsaturated Diketopiperazine Intermediate

Unnatural aromatic amino acids are useful tools in drug discovery, since their insertion in bioactive peptide sequences can change the side chains spatial orientation, the backbone conformation and above all, their bioactivity. In this communication, we propose a straightforward method to synthesize 2′,6′-dimethyl-tyrosine and 2′,6′-dimehylphenyl-alanine derivatives as handling building blocks for peptide synthesis via unsaturated diketopiperazine (DKP) intermediate.

Rapid Synthesis of Boc-2′,6′-dimethyl- l -tyrosine and Derivatives and Incorporation into Opioid Peptidomimetics

The unnatural amino acid 2′,6′-dimethyl-l-tyrosine has found widespread use in the development of synthetic opioid ligands. Opioids featuring this residue at the N-terminus often display superior potency at one or more of the opioid receptor types, but the availability of the compound is hampered by its cost and difficult synthesis. We report here a short, three-step synthesis of Boc-2′,6′-dimethyl-l-tyrosine (3a) utilizing a microwave-assisted Negishi coupling for the key carbon-carbon bond forming step, and employ this chemistry for the expedient synthesis of other unnatural tyrosine derivatives. Three of these derivatives (3c, 3d, 3f) have not previously been examined as Tyr1 replacements in opioid ligands. We describe the incorporation of these tyrosine derivatives in a series of opioid peptidomimetics employing our previously reported tetrahydroquinoline (THQ) scaffold, and the binding and relative efficacy of each of the analogues at the three opioid receptor subtypes: mu (MOR), delta (DOR), and kappa (KOR).

Bifunctional [2′,6′-dimethyl-L-tyrosine1] endomorphin-2 analogues substituted at position 3 with alkylated phenylalanine derivatives yield potent mixed μ-agonist/δ-antagonist and dual μ-agonist/δ-agonist opioid ligands

Endomorphin-2 (H-Tyr-Pro-Phe-Phe-NH2) and [Dmt1]EM-2 (Dmt = 2′,6′-dimethyl-L-tyrosine) analogues, containing alkylated Phe3 derivatives, 2′-monomethyl (2, 2′), 3′,5′- and 2′,6′-dimethyl (3, 3′, and 4′, respectively), 2′,4′,6′-trimethyl (6, 6′), 2′-ethyl-6′-methyl (7, 7′), and 2′-isopropyl-6′- methyl (8, 8′) groups or Dmt (5, 5′), had the following characteristics: (i) [Xaa3]EM-2 analogues exhibited improved μ- and δ-opioid receptor affinities. The latter, however, were inconsequential (Kiδ = 491-3451 nM). (ii) [Dmt 1,-Xaa3]EM-2 analogues enhanced μ- and δ-opioid receptor affinities (Kiμ = 0.069-0.32 nM; K iδ = 1.83-99.8 nM) without κ-opioid receptor interaction. (iii) There were elevated μ-bioactivity (IC50 = 0.12-14.4 nM) and abolished δ-agonism (IC50 > 10 μM in 2′, 3′, 4′, 5′, 6′), although 4′ and 6′ demonstrated a potent mixed μ-agonism/δ-antagonism (for 4′, IC50μ = 0.12 and pA2 = 8.15; for 6′, IC50μ = 0.21 nM and pA2 = 9.05) and 7′ was a dual μ-agonist/δ-agonist (IC50 μ = 0.17 nM; IC50δ = 0.51 nM).

Asymmetric synthesis of all six regioisomers of N-boc-dimethylphenylalanines

All possible regioisomers of dimethyl-substituted (S)-phenylalanine were efficiently synthesized by reacting the Ni(II)-complex of the chiral Schiff base of glycine with (S)-2-N-(N-benzylprolyl)-aminobenzophenone.

Tachykinin NK-1 receptor probed with constrained analogues of substance P

The action of rotameric probes introduced either in position 7 or 8 in the sequence of substance P (SP) was investigated, i.e. L-tetrahydroisoquinoleic acid (Tic) L-fluorenylglycine (Flg), L-diphenylalanine (Dip), the diastereoisomers of L-1-indanylglycine (Ing) and L-benz[f]indanylglycine (Bfi), the Z- and E-isomers of dehydrophenylalanine and dehydronaphthylananine (Δ(Z)Phe, Δ(E)Phe, Δ(Z)Nal, Δ(E)Nal) and L-o,o'-dimethylphenylalanine (Dmp). The aim of this study was the topographical characterization of the binding subsites of human NK-1 receptor expressed in CHO cells, especially the S7 and 8, subsites, corresponding to residues Phe7 and Phe8 of substance P. According to the binding potencies of these substituted-SP analogues, the S7 binding subsite is smaller than the S8 subsite: the S7 subsite accepts only one aromatic nucleus, while the S8 can accommodate three coplanar nuclei altogether. These findings are compatible with the idea that the S8 binding subsite may reside in the extracellular loops of the hNK-1 receptor. NK-1 agonists bind to human NK-1 receptor and activate the production of both inositol phosphates and cyclic AMP. As already quoted for septide, [pGlu6, Pro9]]SP(6-11), discrepancies are observed between affinity (K(i)) and activity (EC50) values for IPs production. While a weak correlation between K(i) and EC50 values for IPs production could be found (r=0.70), an excellent correlation could be demonstrated between their affinities (K(i)) and their potencies (EC50) for cAMP production (r=0.97). The high potency (EC50) observed for 'septide-like' molecules on PI hydrolysis, compared to their affinity is not an artefact related to the high level of NK-1 receptors expressed on CHO cells since a good correlation was found between EC50 values obtained for PI hydrolysis and those measured for spasmogenic activity in guinea pig ileum bioassay (r=0.94).