134629-47-3Relevant academic research and scientific papers
Phosphoryl-transfer reactions of phosphodiesters: Characterization of transition states by heavy-atom isotope effects
Hengge, Alvan C.,Cleland
, p. 5835 - 5841 (1991)
The secondary 18O and 15N isotope effects have been measured for phosphoryl-transfer reactions of the phosphodiester 3,3-dimethyl p-nitrophenyl phosphate under conditions of acid and alkaline hydrolysis, cleavage by β-cyclodextrin, and cleavage by snake venom phosphodiesterase. Isotopic labeling and other experiments show that these reactions proceed by an SN2(P) mechanism. The secondary 18O isotope effect measures changes in transition state bonding to the nonbridge oxygen atoms in the central phosphoryl group in these SN2 reactions. The 15N isotope effects measure transition-state bond cleavage to the leaving group p-nitrophenol. The isotope effect data indicate that weaker nucleophiles lead to a more associative transition state with respect to the central phosphoryl group (decreased bonding to the nonbridge oxygens) while the extent of bond cleavage to the leaving group is affected little. Comparison of isotope effect data from the attack of hydroxide on a phosphodiester monoanion with that of a neutral phosphotriester suggests the oxyanion in the diester may assist in expulsion of the leaving group.
