13595-85-2

Usage

Uses

Used in Petrochemical Industry:
Bismuth Molybdenum Oxide is used as a key catalyst in the manufacturing process of acrylonitrile, which is a precursor for synthetic materials such as acrylic and nylon. Its catalytic properties enable efficient production of these materials, contributing to the development of the petrochemical industry.
Used in Environmentally Friendly Processes:
Despite its potential hazards, such as causing eye and skin irritation or respiratory damage when inhaled, Bismuth Molybdenum Oxide is considered environmentally friendly. Its low toxicity levels and stability under broad operation conditions make it a preferred choice in several industrial processes, ensuring minimal environmental impact.
Used in Industrial Processes:
Bismuth Molybdenum Oxide is used as a catalyst in various industrial processes due to its stability and activity. Its ability to withstand a wide range of operating conditions without compromising its performance makes it a reliable component in the production of different materials and chemicals.

InChI:InChI=1/2Bi.2Mo.9O/q2*+3;2*+6;9*-2

Upstream product

• 1304-76-3 bismuth(III) oxide 
• 46140-16-3 bismuth(III) nitrate 
• 16229-40-6 β-bismuth molybdate 

Downstream Products

• 7440-69-9 bismuth 
• 13565-96-3 bismuth molybdate 

Relevant academic research and scientific papers

The morphological evolution of the Bi2Mo3O 12(010) surface in air-H2O atmospheres

Atomic force microscopy (AFM) has been used to examine the morphological evolution of the Bi2Mo3O12(010) surface at 400-600°C in dry air and air-2.3% H2O. The (010) cleavage surface is characterized by atomically flat terraces separated by straight steps that are integer multiples of b/2 (5.75 A) in height. During treatments at or above 500°C, the surface is etched due to the volatilization of Mo. In dry air, etching affects both steps and flat terraces and results in step recession, the development of half-unit-cell (b/2) step loops (pits and islands), and the accumulation of Bi-rich surface deposits. In air-2.3% H2O, steps are etched with preference to terraces, and this leads to step recession as well as the formation of Bi-rich deposits. Mo volatilization proceeds at an enhanced rate in air-2.3% H2O and culminates in the nucleation and growth of Bi2MoO6 and Bi2Mo2O9 precipitates at 500 and 600°C, respectively.

Quantitative determination of the number of surface active sites and the turnover frequencies for methanol oxidation over metal oxide catalysts: Application to bulk metal molybdates and pure metal oxide catalysts

The present work investigates the number and nature of the surface active sites and the catalytic activity of bulk metal molybdates and bulk metal oxides on methanol selective oxidation. Bulk metal molybdates were synthesized by coprecipitation and characterized by laser Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and specific surface area analysis. The number of surface active sites (Ns) was determined by measuring the amount of methoxy species produced by methanol chemisorption on the catalysts at 100°C. The specific activity values (TOFs) were calculated by normalizing the reaction rate by the number of surface active sites. The significant differences in catalytic behavior of bulk metal molybdates and bulk metal oxides, and the surface molybdenum enrichment observed on metal molybdates, gave evidences that the surface of bulk metal molybdates may be composed only by molybdenum oxide species in a two-dimensional overlayer. It was not possible to establish the structure of surface molybdenum oxide species; however, it can be concluded that the structure of surface active sites species of bulk metal molybdates and monolayer supported oxide catalysts are different according to the dispersion of the Ns values of these systems. This work shows, for the first time in the literature, that bulk metal molybdates and monolayer supported molybdenum oxide catalysts possess similar activity and TOF in methanol selective oxidation. The number of active surface sites and the specific activity toward selective oxidation products (TOF redox), CO2 (TOF basic), and dimethyl ether (TOF acid) of bulk metal oxides were also determined. In contrast to bulk metal molybdates, most bulk metal oxides catalyze the total combustion of methanol even at low methanol conversion.

Determination of standard molar enthalpies of formation of Bi2Mo3O12 (s), Bi2MoO6 (s), Bi6Mo2O15 (s) and Bi6MoO12 (s) by solution calorimetry

The standard molar enthalpies of formation of Bi2Mo3O12 (s), orthorhombic phase of Bi2MoO6 (s), monoclinic phase of Bi2MoO6 (s), Bi6Mo2O15 (s) an

Partial phase diagram of MoO3 rich section of the ternary Bi-Mo-O system

Partial phase diagrams of MoO3 rich section of Bi-Mo-O system have been established at 773, 873 and 1023 K based on phase equilibration studies. Electrical conductivity measurements along with equilibration experiments were used to determine th

Synthesis and monitoring of α-Bi2Mo3O 12 catalyst formation using thermo-Raman spectroscopy

Thermo-Raman spectroscopy was used to monitor the dehydration and phase transformations of Bi2Mo3O12·5H 2O. The hydrated forms Bi2Mo3O 12·5H2O, Bi2Mo3O 12·4.75H2O, Bi2Mo3O 12·3H2O, Bi2Mo3O 12·2H2O, and anhydrous Bi2Mo 3O12 were observed during dehydration in the wave-length range from 200 to 1400 cm-1. Representative Raman spectra of these compounds are reported for the first time. The thermo-Raman intensity thermogram showed a systematic dehydration in four steps, and the differential thermo-Raman intensity thermogram confirmed this. Thermogravimetry, differential thermogravimetry, and differential scanning calorimetry results were in harmony with the results of the thermo-Raman spectroscopy. Additionally, the dehydration resulting in formation of anhydrous Bi2Mo 3O12 (amorphous Bi2Mo3O12 phase) and the final transformation into the α-Bi2Mo 3O12 phase was observed to be a dynamic thermal process. The slow, controlled heating rate produced α-Bi2Mo 3O12 catalyst with a particle size averaging 200 nm. The catalyst formed was further characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, time of flight SIMS, transmission electron microscopy, and energy-dispersive X-ray analysis. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2004.

PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF HYDROPEROXY ALCOHOLS USING A HETEROGENOUS CATALYST

The present invention relates to a process for preparing hydroperoxy alcohols using hydrogen peroxide as an oxidant in a solvent selected from water-soluble carboxylic acids, in the presence of a metallic mixed oxide heterogeneous catalyst. It also pertains to the use of this catalyst in the synthesis of hydroperoxy alcohols.

Selective oxidation and oxidative dehydrogenation of hydrocarbons on bismuth vanadium molybdenum oxide

A systematic investigation of the oxidative dehydrogenation of propane to propene and 1- and 2-butene to 1,3-butadiene, and the selective oxidation of isobutene to methacrolein was carried out over Bi1-x/3V1-xMoxO4 (x = 0-1) with the aim of defining the effects of catalyst and reactant composition on the reaction kinetics. This work has revealed that the reaction kinetics can differ significantly depending on the state of catalyst oxidation, which in turn depends on the catalyst composition and the reaction conditions. Under conditions where the catalyst is fully oxidized, the kinetics for the oxidation of propene to acrolein and isobutene to methacrolein, and the oxidative dehydrogenation of propane to propene, 1-butene and trans-2-butene to butadiene are very similar - first order in the partial pressure of the alkane or alkene and zero order in the partial pressure of oxygen. These observations, together with XANES and UV-Vis data, suggest that all these reactions proceed via a Mars van Krevelen mechanism involving oxygen atoms in the catalysts and that the rate-limiting step involves cleavage of the weakest C-H bond in the reactant. Consistent with these findings, the apparent activation energy and pre-exponential factor for both oxidative dehydrogenation and selective oxidation correlate with the dissociation energy of the weakest C-H bond in the reactant. As the reaction temperature is lowered, catalyst reoxidation can become rate-limiting, the transition to this regime depending on ease of catalyst reduction and effectiveness of the reacting hydrocarbons as a reducing agent. A third regime is observed for isobutene oxidation at lower temperatures, in which the catalyst is more severely reduced and oxidation now proceeds via reaction of molecular oxygen, rather than catalyst lattice oxygen, with the reactant.

Hierarchical Bi2MoO6 nanosheet-built frameworks with excellent photocatalytic properties

Herein, we demonstrate for the first time the fabrication of one-dimensional (1D) Bi2MoO6 inter-crossed nanosheet-built frameworks by using MoO3 nanobelts as the growth templates and molybdate source. Especially, this novel Bi2MoO6 framework structure exhibits remarkably enhanced photocatalytic activity toward the degradation of organic dyes under visible-light irradiation, far exceeding that of conventional Bi2MoO6 nanoplates and nanoparticles. The photoelectrochemical study suggests that the hierarchical framework structure could facilitate the photoinduced charge separation and transfer from the inter-crossed Bi2MoO6 nanosheets, which may make a significant contribution to the enhanced photocatalytic activity. This journal is

COMPLEX OXIDE CATALYST OF BI/MO/FE FOR THE OXIDATIVE DEHYDROGENATION OF 1-BUTENE TO 1,3-BUTADIENE AND PROCESS THEREOF

The present invention relates to a complex oxide catalyst of Bi/Mo/Fe and an oxidative dehydrogenation of 1-butene in the presence of a catalyst herein. A catalyst of the present invention is superior to the conventional Bi/Mo catalyst in thermal and mechanical stabilities, conversion and selectivity toward 1,3-butadiene, while showing a long-term catalytic activity.

Anomalous surface compositions of stoichiometric mixed oxide compounds

Coated: Surface analytical studies (including low-energy ion scattering (LEIS)) show that the outer surface of bulk, stoichiometric mixed vanadates and molybdates can be strongly enriched with VOx or MoOx species. Such surface recons