Xi:Irritant;
1304-76-3Relevant academic research and scientific papers
Improved electrochemical properties of LiMn2O4 with the Bi and La co-doping for lithium-ion batteries
Han, Cheng-Gong,Zhu, Chunyu,Saito, Genki,Akiyama, Tomohiro
, p. 73315 - 73322 (2015)
A series of LiBixLaxMn2-2xO4 (x = 0, 0.002, 0.005, 0.010, 0.020) samples were synthesized by solution combustion synthesis in combination with calcination. The phase structure and morphology of the products were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and transition electron microscopy. The results demonstrated that a single-phase LiMn2O4 spinel structure was obtained for the LiBixLaxMn2-2xO4 (x = 0, 0.002, 0.005) samples, whereas impurities were observed for the LiBixLaxMn2-2xO4 (x = 0.010, 0.020) samples as a result of the doping limit. The electrochemical properties were investigated by galvanostatic charge-discharge cycling and cycling voltammetry in a voltage range of 3.2-4.4 V. The substitution of Mn3+ by equimolar Bi3+ and La3+ could significantly improve the structural stability and suppress the Jahn-Teller distortion, thereby resulting in improved electrochemical properties for the Bi and La co-doped samples in contrast with the pristine LiMn2O4 sample. In particular, the LiBi0.005La0.005Mn1.99O4 sample delivered a high initial discharge capacity of 130.2 mA h g-1 at 1C, and following 80 cycles, the capacity retention was as high as 95.0%. Moreover, it also presented the best rate capability among all the samples, in which a high discharge capacity of 98.3 mA h g-1 was still maintained at a high rate of 7C compared with that of 75.8 mA h g-1 for the pristine LiMn2O4 sample.
Synergistic Catalytic Effect of a Series of Energetic Coordination Compounds based on Tetrazole-1-acetic Acid on Thermal Decomposition of HMX
Qu, Yuan-Yuan,Wei, Zhi-Xian,Kang, Li,Xie, Fei,Zhang, He-Dan,Yue, Pan
, p. 742 - 748 (2017)
A series of energetic coordination compounds [Co(tza)2}n (1), [Bi(tza)3]n (2), {[Cu4(tza)6(OH)2]·4H2O}n (3), [Mn(tza)2]n (4), {[Bi(tza)(C2O4)(H2O)]·H2O}n (5) and [Fe3O(tza)6(H2O)3]NO3 (6) based on tetrazole-1-acetic acid (Htza) were synthesized though environmentally friendly methods. The coordination compounds were characterized by elemental analyses, IR spectroscopy, single-crystal and powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), thermogravimetric analyses (TG), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Their catalytic performances and the synergetic catalytic effects between 1 and 2, 3 and 4, 5 and 6 on the thermal decomposition of octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine (HMX) were all investigated by DSC. The results revealed that compounds 1–6 are thermally stable energetic compounds and they all exhibit high catalytic action for HMX thermal decomposition. The catalytic effects of the compounds on HMX thermal decomposition are closely related to the oxides, which come from the decomposition of the compounds, but have no positive relationships with the heat releases of the compounds themselves. Moreover, the synergetic catalytic effects between 1 and 2, 3 and 4, 5 and 6 were observed. Their mixtures at different mass ratio have different synergetic catalytic effects, and the sequence of the biggest synergetic index (SI) in each system is copper-manganese system (compounds 3 and 4) > iron-bismuth system (compounds 5 and 6) > cobalt-bismuth system (compounds 1 and 2), indicating that the synergistic catalytic effects are mainly related to the combination and the proportion of the compounds.
The preparation and characterization of composite bismuth tungsten oxide with enhanced visible light photocatalytic activity
Chen, Shifu,Tang, Wenming,Hu, Yingfei,Fu, Xianliang
, p. 7943 - 7950 (2013)
A composite photocatalyst (Bi3.84W0.16O 6.24-Bi2WO6) containing Bi, W and O elements was prepared by a facile hydrothermal method. Various characterization methods such as X-ray powder diffraction, UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy were employed to investigate the structure and optical properties. The activities of the samples were evaluated by the photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue under visible light irradiation. The results showed that when the pH of the precursor solution is 12.3, and a hydrothermal treatment at 140 °C for 20 h was used, the prepared sample shows the mixed phases of Bi3.84W 0.16O6.24 and Bi2WO6. The Bi 3.84W0.16O6.24-Bi2WO6 composite exhibited an enhanced photocatalytic activity compared with single Bi2WO6 or Bi3.84W0.16O 6.24. The rate constant of Bi3.84W0.16O 6.24-Bi2WO6 is about 5 times that of Bi 2WO6. It is proposed that the increased photocatalytic activity may be attributed to the formation of a heterojunction between Bi 3.84W0.16O6.24 and Bi2WO 6, which suppresses the recombination of photoexcited electron-hole pairs.
Reaction of bismuth nitrate with sodium citrate in water-glycerol solutions
Kuvshinova,Skorikov,Volodin
, p. 1816 - 1819 (2009)
The reaction in a Bi(NO3)3-Na3Hcit-(H 2O + glycerol) system was studied in a wide range of component ratios by the solubility method and pH-metry in combination with chemical analysis of solid phases. Poorly sol
Mechanochemical destruction of decabromodiphenyl ether into visible light photocatalyst BiOBr
Zhang, Kunlun,Huang, Jun,Wang, Haizhu,Yu, Gang,Wang, Bin,Deng, Shubo,Kano, Junya,Zhang, Qiwu
, p. 14719 - 14724 (2014)
In the present study, mechanochemical (MC) treatment of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), a kind of emerging persistent organic pollutant (POPs), was performed using a high energy ball mill. With Bi2O3 as co-milling reagent, deca-BDE was effectively destroyed and no hazardous intermediates or organic products were observed in the MC reaction. Meanwhile, BiOBr, a promising visible light photocatalyst, was proved to be the final product which could be utilized in further steps. Neither excessive Bi 2O3 nor unreacted deca-BDE was left after the reaction as they were originally added at stoichiometric ratio for BiOBr formation. FITR and Raman analyses demonstrate the collapse of deca-BDE skeleton and the cleavage of C-Br bonds with the generation of inorganic carbon, revealing the mechanism of carbonization and debromination. The gaseous products at different reaction atmosphere were also analyzed, showing that mostly CO2 with a fraction of CO were released during the MC process. The reaction formula of deca-BDE and Bi2O3 was then proposed based on the identified final products. Besides, the photocatalytic activity of the generated BiOBr was evaluated using methyl orange as the model pollutant. A good degradation performance from BiOBr was achieved under both simulated sunlight and visible light irradiation, indicating the possibility for its further utilization. This journal is the Partner Organisations 2014.
Secondary Phosphine Oxide Functionalized Gold Clusters and Their Application in Photoelectrocatalytic Hydrogenation Reactions
Wang, Yu,Liu, Xiao-He,Wang, Rongbin,Cula, Beatrice,Chen, Zhe-Ning,Chen, Qingyun,Koch, Norbert,Pinna, Nicola
, p. 9595 - 9600 (2021)
Ligands in ligand-protected metal clusters play a crucial role, not only because of their interaction with the metal core, but also because of the functionality they provide to the cluster. Here, we report the utilization of secondary phosphine oxide (SPO), as a new family of functional ligands, for the preparation of an undecagold cluster Au11-SPO. Different from the commonly used phosphine ligand (i.e., triphenylphosphine, TPP), the SPOs inAu11-SPOwork as electron-withdrawing anionic ligands. While coordinating to gold via the phosphorus atom, the SPO ligand keeps its O atom available to act as a nucleophile. Upon photoexcitation, the clusters are found to inject holes into p-type semiconductors (here, bismuth oxide is used as a model), sensitizing the p-type semiconductor in a different way compared to the photosensitization of a n-type semiconductor. Furthermore, theAu11-SPO/Bi2O3photocathode exhibits a much higher activity toward the hydrogenation of benzaldehyde than a TPP-protected Au11-sensitized Bi2O3photocathode. Control experiments and density functional theory studies point to the crucial role of the cooperation between gold and the SPO ligands on the selectivity toward the hydrogenation of the C═O group in benzaldehyde.
TiO2-Bi2O3/(BiO)2CO3-reduced graphene oxide composite as an effective visible light photocatalyst for degradation of aqueous bisphenol A solutions
?erjav, Gregor,Djinovi?, Petar,Pintar, Albin
, p. 237 - 246 (2018)
TiO2 nanorods (T) were combined with a narrow band gap semiconductor β-Bi2O3 (B) to form a heterojunction, which makes it possible for TiO2 to become active as a photocatalyst also under visible light illumination. To further increase the photocatalytic activity of TiO2 + Bi2O3/(BiO)2CO3 (TB) composite, we used a hydrothermal procedure to link it with reduced graphene oxide (rGO). Structural, surface and electronic properties of the obtained catalysts were analyzed and correlated to their performance in photocatalytic oxidation of aqueous bisphenol A (BPA) solution conducted in a batch reactor under visible light illumination. XRD, FTIR, UV–vis DR spectroscopy and photocurrent measurements of visible light illuminated TB composite catalyst clearly showed that (i) β-Bi2O3 acts as a photosensitizer for TiO2 and (BiO)2CO3 present in the TB composite, (ii) holes (h+) are photo-generated in valence band (VB) of β-Bi2O3 and due to the β-Bi2O3/TiO2 heterojunction transferred into VB of TiO2, (iii) p-n junction between β-Bi2O3 and TiO2 allows the photo-generated electrons (e?) in the conduction band (CB) of β-Bi2O3 to transfer to TiO2, and (iv) p-n junction between β-Bi2O3 and (BiO)2CO3 allows the photo-generated electrons in the conduction band of β-Bi2O3 to transfer to (BiO)2CO3. This means that more charge carriers are available to participate in the catalytic visible-light triggered oxidation process for the degradation of organic pollutants dissolved in water. The highest photocurrent density was measured for multi-phase TBR (TB + rGO) composite, which indicates that visible-light generated charge carriers in TB composite are injected into the reduced graphene oxide. The latter acts as a web for charge carrier percolation and suppresses the recombination of electron-hole pairs, thus resulting in improved catalytic activity of TBR. The results of UV–vis DR spectroscopy and photocurrent density measurements were entirely in line with the results of photocatalytic oxidation of water dissolved bisphenol A (BPA) in batch reactor under visible light illumination.
Synthesis and study of ammonium hexamolybdobismuthate(III)
Oreshkina,Kaziev,Lobanov,Steblevskii
, p. 1883 - 1885 (2011)
Ammonium hexamolybdobismuthate(III) of composition (NH4) 3[BiMo6O18(OH)6] · 7H 2O (I) was synthesized and studied by mass spectrometry, X-ray diffraction, IR spectroscopy, and thermogravimetry. The compound is monoclinic: a = 10.438 A?, b = 7.909 A?, c = 18.127 A?, β = 96.59°, V = 1486.76 A?3, ρcalc = 3.32 g/cm3, Z = 2. Pleiades Publishing, Ltd., 2011.
Characterization and photocatalytic activity of Bi3TaO7 prepared by hydrothermal method
Luo, Bifu,Chen, Min,Zhang, Zhengyuan,Hong, Yuanzhi,Lv, Taotao,Shi, Weidong
, p. 203 - 212 (2017)
In this paper, Bi3TaO7 nanoparticles with visible light response have been prepared via a facile hydrothermal route and solid-state reaction. The photocatalytic performance of as-prepared samples was evaluated by the degradation of Tetracycline hydrochloride (TC). It was observed that the sample obtained by hydrothermal method showed an enhanced photocatalytic activity in contrast to the sample prepared by solid-state method. This could be ascribed to the efficient separation of photogenerated electrons and holes in the sample prepared via hydrothermal process, which is certified by the photoluminescence spectroscopy (PL) and transient photocurrent analysis. Moreover, the result of nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherm indicated the existence of mesoporous structure in as-prepared sample with hydrothermal process, and specific surface area is significantly higher than the sample obtained by solid-state method. The optimal conditions involved in the photocatalytic reaction, such as TC concentration, catalyst concentration and pH value were investigated.
FORMATION OF HIGH OXIDE ION CONDUCTIVE PHASES IN THE SINTERED OXIDES OF THE SYSTEM Bi2O3-Ln2O3 (Ln equals La-Yb).
Iwahara,Esaka,Sato,Takahashi
, p. 173 - 180 (1981)
The electrical conduction in various phases of the system Bi//2O//3-Ln//2O//3 (Ln equals La, Nd, Sm, Dy, Er, or Yb) was investigated by measuring ac conductivity and the emf of the oxygen gas concentration cell. High-oxide-ion conduction was observed in the rhombohedral and face-centered cubic (fcc) phase in these systems. The fcc phase could be stabilized over a wide range of temperature by adding a certain amount of Ln//2O//3. In these cases, the larger the atomic number of Ln, the lower the content of Ln//2O//3 required to form the fcc solid solution, except in the case of Yb//2O//3. The oxide ion conductivity of this phase decreased with increasing content of Ln//2O//3.
