136285-23-9

Upstream product

• 5465-29-2 2-propyl-1H-benzimidazole 
• 114772-54-2 4'-(bromomethyl)-1,1'-biphenyl-2-carbonitrile 
• 95-54-5 1,2-diamino-benzene 

Downstream Products

• 133141-63-6 4’-((2-propyl-1H-benzo[d]imidazol-1-yl)methyl)-[1,1’-biphenyl]-2-carboxylicacid 

Relevant academic research and scientific papers

Tackling resistance in chronic myeloid leukemia: Novel cell death modulators with improved efficacy

The development of resistance poses a serious problem in the therapy of cancer due to the necessity of a multiple-drug and unlimited treatment of affected patients. In chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), the introduction of imatinib has revolutionized the the

New telmisartan-derived PPARγ agonists: Impact of the 3D-binding mode on the pharmacological profile

In previous studies, the 4′-((2-propyl-1H-benzo[d]imidazol-1-yl)methyl)-[1,1′-biphenyl]-2-carboxylic acid was identified as pharmacophoric core for PPARγ activation. In this structure-activity relationship study the C2-alkyl chain was elongated and the 2-COOH group was changed to a carbamide/carbonitrile or shifted to the 3- or 4-position. Furthermore, the benzo[d]imidazole was exchanged by 2,3-dihydrobenzo[d]thiazole or 1H-indole. C2-propyl derivatives showed the profile of partial agonists, while elongation of the C2-chain to that of an n-heptyl group or a 4-COOH shift changed the pharmacological profile to that of a potent full agonist. This finding can be explained by binding to the LBD in different ligand conformations. Two anchoring points (Tyr473 and Arg288) exist in the LBD, which have to be contacted to achieve receptor activation. In a crystal violet chemosensitivity assay using COS-7?cells and LNCaP cells expressing PPARγ only the carbamide derivatives influenced the cell growth, independently on the presence of the PPARγ. Therefore, receptor mediated cytotoxicity can be excluded.

Characterization of new PPARγ agonists: Benzimidazole derivatives - Importance of positions 5 and 6, and computational studies on the binding mode

In this and previous studies we investigated the importance of partial structures of Telmisartan on PPARγ activation. The biphenyl-4-ylmethyl moiety at N1 and residues at C2 of the central benzimidazole were identified to be essential for receptor activation and potency of receptor binding. Now we focused our attention on positions 5 and 6 of the central benzimidazole and introduced bromine (3b-5/6, 3c), phenylcarbonyl (3d-5/6), hydroxy(phenyl)methyl (3g-5/6), hydroxymethyl (3h-5/6) and formyl (3i) groups. The selection of these moieties was inspired by the structure of Losartan and its metabolite EXP3179. In order to increase the hydrophobicity of the central part of the molecule, the benzimidazole was exchanged by a naphtho[2,3-d]imidazole (5). The compounds 3a-3i and 5 were tested in a differentiation assay using 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and a luciferase assay using COS-7 cells, transiently transfected with pGal4-hPPARγDEF, pGal5-TK-pGL3 and pRL-CMV, as established models for the assessment of cellular PPARγ activation. An enhanced effect on PPARγ activation could be observed if lipophilic moieties are introduced in these positions. 4′-[(2-Propyl-1H-naphtho[2,3-d]imidazol-1-yl)methyl]biphenyl-2- carboxylic acid (5) was identified as the most potent compound with an EC 50 of 0.26 μM and the profile of a full agonist. Together with compounds of the former structure-activity relationship study (position 2-substituted benzimidazole derivatives 4a-4j), the binding mode of Telmisartan and its derivatives have been analyzed in 3D pharmacophore-driven docking experiments.